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Racism, 2007.
A discussion on whether racism still exists today.
1,433 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how racism has often been used by the dominant majority groups to exploit and subjugate various ethnic minority groups at different times in human history. The paper examines how the doctrine reached its climax in the 20th century with the rise and fall of Nazism, and the apartheid regime in South Africa. The essay concludes that, although racism at the state level has receded since then, it continues to exist in more subtle forms at both the individual and institutional levels; some government policies in countries around the world can also arguably be termed racist.
Outline:
Origins of Racism & Why it Exists
Current Examples of Continuing Racism
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Theories of race and racism are convenient tools towards this end. When an adversary is identified as belonging to an "inferior" race during an armed conflict, it becomes easier for the self-styled "superior" race to perpetrate seemingly immoral and unethical practices such as occupation of territories by force, looting of wealth and brutal killings--even genocide. ("Racism") For example, painting the Jews as sub-human and belonging to an inferior race (as well as the racist myth of a superior Aryan race) made it easier for the Nazis to unleash their policy of the Holocaust and the final solution for the Jewish "problem.""
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The Holocaust in Hungary, 2007.
An examination of Hungary's part in the Holocaust of WWII.
3,035 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how the Holocaust in Hungary was made possible by the active collaboration of the Hungarian government and the acquiescence of a large number of Hungarian people. The paper explores the topic of how and why the tragedy took place in a country in which the Jewish people had been supposedly "emancipated" less than half a century ago, a subject that has perplexed and fascinated many historians. The paper discusses the background of the Holocaust in Hungary by tracing the history of Jews; the events leading to their prosecution and ultimate extermination; and how the actual killings took place.
Outline:
Background
The Pre-Holocaust Killings
The Hungarian Holocaust Begins
The Reasons
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Most of the Jews who migrated to Europe were farmers and merchants who preserved their ethnic identity by keeping to themselves. The early Christian church condemned the Jews as Christ-killers which further isolated them and sowed the seeds of virulent anti-Semitism. Christianity forbade usury, i.e., the lending of money on interest; hence the Jewish merchants in Europe filled the gap by becoming "money lenders." It was a profitable role but it also invited envy and hatred. During periods of stress such as the Crusades or the Plague, the hatred turned into large-scale violent attacks on the Jews ."
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Canada and the Jews, 2007.
This paper explores the phenomenon of anti-Semitism, specifically with regards to Canada.
2,107 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the word anti-Semitism was invented in the late 19th century as a more acceptable word than Jew-hatred. The paper discusses how the disease of anti-Semitism is irrational and seeking its origins is futile. The paper explains the difference between mild anti-Semitism and diabolical anti-Semitism and shows the history of anti-Semitism as manifested in Canadian life. The paper discusses how the days of anti-Semitism are not over for Canada; now we have Holocaust deniers, Neo-Nazis on the Internet and a steady increase in harassment of Jews.
From the Paper
"The word anti-Semitism was invented in the late 19th century as a more acceptable word than Jew-hatred. It was meant to sound scientific, but actually there is no such thing as "Semitism." The word Semitic refers to a language group of which Aramaic (the language Jesus spoke), Hebrew, and Arabic are members. A Jewish historian defined anti-Semitism as "dislike of the unlike." Ages (1981) points out that there are nuances in the meaning of the word. It is possible, for example, to dislike Jews but be opposed to slaughtering them in concentration camps. In its most innocent form anti-Semitism is like the widespread prejudice found throughout the whole human race. It could be hostility after working for an unsympathetic Jew or a vague negativism from being taught to dislike them as a child."
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The Nuremberg Trials, 2007.
A comparison of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the Nuremberg trials.
1,073 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the connection between the Declaration of Human Rights, the ICC and the Nuremberg trials. The research presented throughout this review is significant to the existing body of knowledge about this subject because it demonstrates the progression of various international laws. The paper discusses how the Nuremberg trials which laid the foundation for the Declaration of Human Rights and the International Criminal Court. The paper addresses the hypocrisy of the United States for not supporting the formation of the ICC.
From the Paper
"As a result of the Nuremberg trials and the holocausts the United Nations believed it necessary to establish the Declaration of Human Rights. The literature review explores that different articles established by the declaration. The literature review emphasizes the articles that discuss that human rights are for everyone regardless of race, sex or religion. This point is significant because the declaration of human rights was actually established before America established its own civil rights laws. The review also emphasizes that slavery and servitude should not be the condition of any human being. This article was designed to dissuade governments/institutions from instituting policies by which people are subjected to servitude or slavery."
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The Nuremberg Trails, 2007.
A discussion on the Nuremberg trials and the International Criminal Court (ICC).
2,223 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the impact of the Nuremberg trials on the United States and the US attitude towards human rights violations. The paper examines the influence of the Nuremberg trials as it relates to the development of the Declaration of Human Rights. The paper further examines the International Criminal Court (ICC/Rome Treaty), including the U. S. involvement in the ICC and why the U.S. initially supported it. The writer proposes that the U.S. has been hypocritical in not supporting the ICC, and explores the use of torture at Guantanamo, and Abu Ghraib.
From the Paper
"The author further explains that during 1944 when it was evident that the War would soon be over President Roosevelt requested that the War Department develop a strategy for bring those responsible for war crimes to justice (Linder 2000). Prior to the plan created by the War department the Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau had developed a strategy that entailed shooting the Nazi leaders that were responsible for these crimes and forcing other that were involved to live in exile in various places around the world (Linder 2000)."
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"Man's Search for Meaning", 2007.
A review of Victor Frankl's book "Man's Search for Meaning".
1,060 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Victor Frankl, in his book "Man's Search for Meaning", adds significantly to the literature written by survivors of the Holocaust. Before being sent to a concentration camp, Frankl was an internationally renowned psychiatrist, and he returned to this role once released. It looks at how his discussion of meaning in life carries particular power because of his experience and his demonstrated understanding of human psychology. It also discusses how he explains his own particular view of healing psychological problems, a method he calls logotherapy.
From the Paper
"In the camps, Frankl demonstrated how man can live with almost no food, no water, and facing inhumane conditions, yet still survive. He developed the ability to nurture the mind and the soul when he could not nourish the body, learning to appreciate the beauties of art and nature as much as he could in the circumstances. He emphasizes at the outset that this book is a personal recollection and not a psychiatric treatise because "To attempt a methodical presentation of the subject is very difficult, as psychology requires a certain scientific detachment" (24). "
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The Jewish Ghetto, 2006.
A review of various works regarding the Jewish ghetto experience.
1,335 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and analyzes the topic of Jewish history by reviewing various literary sources. The paper focuses primarily on what these selections can teach us about the Jewish experience in the ghetto and each authors' understanding of what was happening. The paper discusses how nothing can quite prepare the reader for the impact of these wartime diaries smuggled out of the European Jewish ghettos. The agony is real and the suffering seems endless for these persecuted peoples.
From the Paper
"The most interesting aspect of this seeming world indifference is the reaction by Randolph Churchill, who did hope to arm the Jews and aid in their escape. However, the program was doomed from the beginning, when the number of parachutists recruited to parachute into Europe and organize resistance dropped from 100 or more to only thirty-two, which was not enough to escape and make a difference. All but one were caught and shot. About 2 to 3,000 Jews did manage to escape as a result of the attempt, but this was the epitome of Jewish resistance, and it certainly was not much to look back on (Sachar 553-554). "
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Religion and the Holocaust, 2007.
This paper discusses how religion is tied to the Holocaust and looks, in particular, at the views of Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Pope John Paul II and Elie Wiesel.
1,456 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer maintains that religion has always been tied to the story of the Holocaust because of two facts. First, the writer points out that the Nazis considered themselves to be Christians and often claimed to be working for the greater glory of God. Second, the writer notes that the Nazis targeted Jews, along with smaller groups of other people for extermination. In this paper the writer looks at three different approaches to this subject. The writer describes how Dietrich Bonhoeffer struggled with the conflict between his pacifist beliefs and the recognition that one man, Adolf Hitler, was responsible for the worst atrocities ever seen by humankind until that point. By comparison, the writer notes that Pope John Paul II lived through World War II and he openly grieved for the loss of all Holocaust victims and led his followers to recognize what happened and grieve for that loss as well. Further, the writer examines the views of Elie Wiesel, a survivor of the Holocaust, who believes that Christian religious leaders did not do enough during the Holocaust and that they have not accepted full responsibility for their failure to try to prevent it.
From the Paper
"Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a Lutheran minister in Nazi Germany, was a pacifist who participated in a plot to kill Adolf Hitler. In studying the Sermon on the Mount, he concluded that rather than flee from Germany he had to remain and work from within. He was caught and imprisoned in Germany, and executed shortly before Germany was liberated by the Allies. He believed that to live as a responsible Christian one had to act in ways appropriate to what Jesus Christ wanted for His followers. To Bonhoeffer that required active opposition to Hitler and his genocidal policies. He saw an important distinction between abstract principles and the act of living responsibly every day. It logically followed that working to eliminate Hitler was a religiously responsible thing to do. More simply put, he realized that if one is not part of the solution, then one is part of the problem."
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A Holocaust Novel, 2006.
This paper analyzes Tadeusz Borowski's semi-autobiographical Holocaust novel; "This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen."
1,607 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Borowski's book that looks at what the thoughts of the emotionless prisoners were as they witnessed atrocity without reaction. The paper analyzes how his writing conveys his lack of emotion; the narrator seems wholly numb to the events that occur around him. The paper is of the opinion that it is one of the most moving accounts of the Holocaust. The paper concludes that overall, "This Way for the Gas" is a fascinating piece of literature. It illustrates plainly the way survival in human society can sometimes mean surrendering one's humanity. Borowski was no longer able to see the other prisoners as human beings. The paper explains that as a result he survived the war but afterwards could not live with himself.
From the Paper
"Everyone has seen the sixty year old footage of the prisoners of Nazi concentration camps; we have all seen the black and white film clips of nude and starved human beings lumped together behind barbed wire fences. Yet, perhaps the most haunting features of all such footage are the gaunt, hollow, and emotionless faces of the men and women forced to live and die under some of the most terrible conditions imaginable. Of all the horrifying things to be said about the Nazi Holocaust, one of the most difficult to comprehend is what the thoughts of the emotionless prisoners were as they witnessed atrocity without reaction. Maybe the best answer to this question is provided by Tadeusz Borowski in his semi-autobiographical novel This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen."
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Genocide, 2006.
A discussion of the history of genocide and its implications.
1,977 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the history of genocide in the world. It discusses specific examples of genocide and gendercide throughout history - focusing on when and where they took place, as well as details of how and why they were carried out. It also discusses law that have been established with regards to acts of genocide.
From the Paper
" One of the most notorious modern acts of gendercide and genocide in the world occurred in the Bosnian silver-mining town, called Srebrenica, in July 1995 (Jones 2001). The events in this town were the culmination of the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina, the most vicious genocidal battleground in the Balkans conflict. This conflict started in 1992 and was characterized by large-scale genocidal and gendercidal acts. The Balkans is a major mountain range in Southeast Europe spanning 563 kilometers from Yugoslavia through central Bulgaria to the Black Sea. Bosnia is a region in the northern part of Herzegovina, while Herzegovina is the region in the southern part. The Serbs were the settlers in Bosnia in the seventh century until it became independent in the 12th century. It came under the control of Turkey in 1463 along with Herzegovina until the latter's conquest by the Austro-Hungarian Empire after 1878 and the addition of Bosnia in 1908. After World War II, Bosnia and Herzegovina united to form a constituent republic of Yugoslavia, which existed from 1946 to 1991."
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The Nazi's Rise to Power, 2006.
Differing perspectives on the Nazis' rise to power.
2,618 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the reasons behind the Nazi's rise to power. The writer analyzes the militant nationalism and authoritarianism that were the building blocks of German society at that time. The paper further discusses how German society blamed the victors of WWI for the future rise of the Nazi Regime, and the anti-Semitism that lead to the death camps.
From the Paper
"The Injustice and Identity Frames notwithstanding, there are those revisionist historians who have sought other explanations for the collapse of Humanistic Civilization in Germany during the period of Nazi ascendancy. Taylor has already mentioned the god-like awe in which the devoted Nazi held his or her Fuhrer. Hitler was pushed down the path of carnage and destruction by the irresistible force of the Jewish menace, but in taking that path, he would end up the savior of the German race."
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Anti-Semitism, 2006.
A study of the history of anti-Semitism through the ages.
1,464 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how although the term anti-Semitism is reasonably new--dating back to the latter half of the nineteenth century--prejudice and persecution of Europe's Jewish community began as long ago as the rise of Hellenistic culture in Greece. It discusses how Judaism has become the object of state-sanctioned persecution. It also looks at how from early Roman times into the twentieth century, Jews have occupied exclusive residences and communities within nations dominated by competing religions and how this, in turn, generated additional hostilities among those who believed that the Jews had been afforded some exceptional status.
From the Paper
"After emancipation, by the 1860s it could have been "concluded that European Jewry was becoming completely integrated." (Katz, 14). Yet, these political advances, it would seem, masked an underlying social force: the demand to find new grounds upon which to single the Jewish people out. Ultimately, this is the only reasonable cause for the dramatic turn of events that, once again, identified Jews as a troubling sect within European society: "Writers, politicians, and scholars in the 1870s, again attacked Jews and found their onslaught so well received by the general public that an entire movement sprang up, one openly proclaiming its opposition to Jews." (Katz, 14). This, however, was a new form of anti-Jewish literature; no-longer were Jews merely hated on the basis of their role in the death of Christ, or their peculiar social station, but also upon racial and wholly secular grounds. "
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