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?Wedding Portrait? and ?Merode Altarpiece? Comparison, 2006.
A comparative analysis of Jan Van Eyck's "Wedding Portrait" and Robert Campin's "Merode Altarpiece" .
804 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the similarities and differences between Jan Van Eyck's, "The Arnolfini Marriage," ("Wedding Portrait") and Robert Campin's, "Merode Altarpiece", both Flemish artists who were among the most important painters in the Early Renaissance (North) period. It looks at how both are naturalistic oil paintings with religious undertones and both are portraits. It also discusses how, although the paintings are similar in many ways, there are also several differences.
From the Paper
"For example, in Van Eyck's painting, a single candle is burning, even though it is daylight. This has been interpreted as symbolic of God's all-seeing eye, while some believe it is a bridal candle. In addition, there is an image of St. Margaret, the patron saint of childbirth carved on the back of a chair. The ornate mirror on the back wall shows the artist himself, as well as a second man, who may have been another witness to the ceremony. A small dog stands between the couple in the foreground, symbolizing faithfulness and love, and on the window ledge is a bowl of fruit, symbolizing either fertility, or the fall from Eden."
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Bangladesh, 2006.
A cultural analysis of Bangladesh.
6,334 words (approx. 25.3 pages), 62 sources, MLA, $ 147.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history and ethnicity of Bangladesh whose inhabitants are Bengalis, who are largely descended from Indo-Aryans who began to migrate into the country from the west thousands of years ago. In particular, it focuses on the art and literature of the region.
Outline
Current Bangladesh Ethnicity
Bangladesh History
Political Dynamics in Ancient Bengal (326 B.C. to 1204 A.D.)
Muslim Revolution in Medieval Bengal (1204-1757)
Imperial British Rule in Bangladesh (1757-1947)
The Road to Pakistan
Current Bengali Culture
Bengalese Culture and the Primacy of the Individual
Bengalese Language
Bengalese Writings as a Reflection of the National Character of Bangladesh
The National Temperament of Bangladesh as Typified Through its Legal Documents
Bangladesh National Character as Revealed Through its Literature
Bengali Poetry
Bengali Prose
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Ancient Bangladesh also witnessed the flowering of temple, stupa and monastic architecture as well as Buddhist art and sculpture. There was discernible influence of the Pala art of Bengal on Javanese art. There was a close affinity between the scripts used on certain Javanese sculptures and proto-Bengali alphabet. A group of temples in Burma were built on the model of Bangladeshi temples. The architecture and iconographic ideas of Bengal inspired architects, sculptors and artists in Cambodia and the Indonesian archipelago. The influence of Pala art in Bengal could be easily traced in Nepalese and Tibetan paintings, as well as in Tang Art of China."
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Man Ray and Sally Mann, 2006.
A comparison of the twentieth century photographers Man Ray and Sally Mann.
1,102 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
Although separated by about seven decades, this paper explains that Man Ray and Sally Mann are both 20th century photographers whose work has been preoccupied with surrealist imagery. It looks at how both artists have gone against the grain of popular styles, defying trends in their individual ways. Both were concerned with romanticism and both strove to capture an altered reality in their work. It concludes that the absurdity of fashion and the disembodied female form held Ray's interest, while for Mann, the absurdity of childhood and parenting occupies her stills.
From the Paper
"Early in his career as an artistic pioneer in a variety of media, Man Ray was a founder of the Dadaist Movement of New York with Marcel Duchamp and Francis Picabia. [1] However, some of his most interesting work was done during his time as a fashion photographer for the great design houses of Paris. For Ray, the world of fashion was attractive because of its strange metaphors: reality vs. fantasy, and the thin line that holds them apart. Ray's style was couched in his ideas of the unreality of fashion, yet it stood in stark visual contrast to the surrealist aesthetic of the time, which also liked to challenge the "reality" of standard fashion."
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Symbolic Communication, 2006.
A look at symbolic communication in art.
1,702 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the emergence of symbolic communication in art and how it rejected the realism of past generations and focused on more mysterious meanings that were open to interpretation.
From the Paper
"When artists began to communicate to their viewers symbolically through symbols, it changed how art was perceived. It placed art in the same world as literature because it had more meaning that just a simple piece of art. With deeper meaning, often times comes added respect. This gave artists the platform to comment on issues in the world, as well as to express their opinions on them. Symbolic communication in art was an important development because it gave the artists a voice with which to speak directly to their audience. Of course, it was all left up to the viewer's interpretation."
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A History of Christianity, 2005.
This paper presents the history of Christianity, emphasizing art history, in a thumbnail sketch of each period.
3,740 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Christian art, evolving along with the church, began in the Near East, which was a vast religious and cultural melting pot where all the competing faiths, including Judaism, Christianity, Gnosticism and many others, tended to influence each other. The author points out that the oldest sizeable and coherent body of Christian art, which can be traced to no earlier than 200 AD, is the painted murals in the Roman catacombs and the underground burial places of the Christians. The paper relates that the halo around Jesus' head stems from pagan artists, who used a halo, usually of a gold color, to mark the chief of men and women in their pictures, and from the Romans, who associated it with the cult of light as a special gift from God. Chart. List of illustrations but no illustrations.
Table of Contents
The Early Christian Church - The Jews and the Greeks
Byzantine Art
The Christian Empire
Nuns, Monks, and Priests
Saints and Martyrs
The Virgin Mary
The Halo
The Conversion of the Northern Tribes
The Celts
The English
The Saxons
The Holy Roman Emperor
East Rome
Church of St. Sophia
The Icons, the Iconostasis, and Iconoclasm
Icons
Iconostasis
Iconoclasm
The Mystics
The Effect of Islam
A Comparison of Christianity East and West
Early Christian vs. Byzantine Art
Western Society in the Middle Ages
Popes
Society and Religion
Hell and Purgatory
Gothic Cathedrals and Stain Glass Windows
The Renaissance
Exploration
The Reformation
The Modern Age
From the Paper
"The first celibates in the early Christian church were women who lived lives of chastity and cleaned church buildings. These women also helped tend the sick. Many spiritually oriented celibate males started as hermits but eventually these men grouped together, elected an abbot, and agreed to abide by a set of rules. These first nuns and monks were called Benedictines. Priests were allowed to marry in the early church but the idea of a celibate priesthood was raised as early as 324 AD (Council of Nicene) but this was unenforceable. In the early church, a man could marry before he became a priest and still become a priest. He could not marry if he became a priest before marrying. The ideal of the totally celibate priesthood was not enforceable until the 11th Century. A man who wanted to become a bishop was not allowed to be married.
In the Eastern Orthodox Catholic Church, priests still are allowed to marry before taking final vows."
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Andy Warhol?s ?Marilyn?, 2006.
A description and analysis of Andy Warhol's "Marilyn" art pieces.
2,004 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the Andy Warhol's images of Marilyn Monroe, displayed in his 1962 art exhibit. The paper explains the techniques and processes Warhol used and the message about society he tried to impart. The paper points out that the Marilyn images are a comment on the commercial aspect of art as well as the willingness of the public to buy into escapism.
From the Paper
"There is controversy about exactly which image Warhol used to create the final work. The one that is widely accepted to be the source work, may be from the same photo session, but Warhol may have used a different shot. This is unknown. The image Warhol silkscreened is another pose, a new facial expression and different lighting. The process, however, is the determing mechanism of the final form of the work. His working method is well known. He chose a photograph, cropped it as necessary, then ordered a silkscreen in a specified size. Variations occurred when screening the reproduciton onto the canvas.
The artistry lies in the control of the density of the paint. In this way he was able to vary the black images between faint and darkly saturated. At this time, he elaborated the presentation of the photographic material, transforming it according to what he wanted the finished work to say. This method created an initial shock in the finished work and is the essence of its lasting significance."
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Surrealism and Photography, 2006.
An overview of surrealism and how photography impacted this form of artistic expression.
1,726 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the surrealist movement, explaining that it was, at the same time, a poetic, philosophical and political movement and that the advent and development of photography as an art form had a great impact on surrealism. The paper describes and analyzes some of the works of early surrealists, including Man Ray and Andre' Breton.
From the Paper
"In a 1913 issue of Alfred Stieglitz's Camera Work, de Zayas criticized the medium of photography for being a "concrete representation of consummated facts," which "drew away the veil of mystery with which Art enveloped the represented Form." [Perpetual, p. 16] Yet the budding surrealist movement was beginning to embrace photography as a novel mechanism for the expression of its ideals. Photography allowed for a randomness that was central to surrealist practice. The innovations in photographic and developing techniques - especially those of Man Ray - gave surrealists a larger forum to explore their ideas of unstable reality, dream-like states and bizarre juxtapositions of everyday images."
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Chinese Art, 2006.
A guide to the study of Chinese art through the Yuan dynasties.
2,445 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the study of art of the dynasties up to and through the Mongol Yuan dynasties involves the blending of art from the prior dynasties into the Yuan.
Outline
Thesis Statement
The By the Artist Approach
Ch'ien Hsuan
From the Paper
"Cahill suggests in his writings, both the work cited and other volumes of his body of works, that perhaps the easiest manner for the Westerner to understand the full significance of Chinese Art through the Yuan dynasties is by the study of several of the artists of the periods involved. This therefore gives one a truer picture of what precisely the circumstances, pressures, social effects and other factors during the time of any given work's preparation. This becomes a vital key to the understanding of the whole scope, and a very large scope it is indeed, of this vast period of World history. A history too many Westerners know very little about and because of the circumstances now existing in China and Taiwan even the Chinese literate are beginning to loose sight of in their headlong rush into globalization. "
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Leonardo Da Vinci, 2006.
A look at the life, talents and career of Leonardo Da Vinci.
2,356 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a brief biographical sketch of famous artist, engineer and inventor, Leonardo Da Vinci and then takes a more in-depth look at his career. The paper separates Da Vinci's career between his art and his inventions in an effort to give a wider perspective of the man, his mind, and the times in which he lived and worked.
From the Paper
"Leonardo da Vinci was born in Vinci, Tuscany, the illegitimate son of a prominent notary of Florence, in 1452. While we immediate think of "The Mona Lisa" as his most outstanding work, de Vinci, from an early age, revolutionized the art of painting as well as drawing, but renowned as he is as an outstanding painter, it is as engineer and designer and inventor that the people of his time were to honor and respect him the most. There were, at this time, a number of fine painters, but few who could provide insight on canvas, and develop and design buildings and create innovative structures as he could."
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The Italian Renaissance, 2005.
A summary of the Italian Renaissance and its influence on Italian society.
1,855 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This examines the early stages of the Renaissance. It shows how the Black Death ironically played an important role in its development. The paper also provides an overview of famous figures during the time, including Lorenzo Medici, Dante Alighieri and Michelangelo .
From the Paper
"Thanks to benevolent people such as the Holy Roman Emperor and princes, artists were able to devote their time to art, and not have to worry about supporting themselves. This helped art flourish even more as artists could be entirely dedicated to their work. Without this support from both the clergy, and townspeople buying and supporting art and artists, the era would have failed to produce works of the caliber that it did."
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Japanese Shoji Screens, 2005.
Examines the history and functions of shoji screens used to divide living spaces in Japan.
2,000 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
The traditional Japanese home is based on Ma - the balance between space and objects. The space is divided by shoji screens, which slide on wooden tracks and can be detached to let the outside in. This paper discusses the history of shoji screens and how it influenced western design.
From the Paper
"Shoji has been used in modern Western homes in various ways. Large pane windows with unpleasant views are roofed with shoji to improve the overall appearance. Walls are covered with shoji to increase the sense of spaciousness as well as to add more light through the screen's natural reflecting qualities. A pair of shoji sliding doors is ideal for bathrooms, and space-saving shoji doors function as a closet. For the bathroom, waterproof material often is built-in with the shoji."
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Controversy in Artistic Expression, 2005.
Examines the controversial works of photographers Sally Mann and Andres Serrano.
1,390 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
Art that provokes a passionate response could be considered the "best" art, because whether the emotions it stirs up are positive or negative, their intensity is profoundly connected to the depth of visual expression the artist is able to convey. Unfortunately, those who are offended by certain works of art fail to see the matter from this perspective. The paper argues that, fortunately (and quite ironically) those who attempt to censor "offensive" expressions are generally the ones that bring an artist the greatest attention. This has undoubtedly been the case for controversial photographers such as Sally Mann and Andres Serrano. The paper looks at Serrano's "Piss Christ" and Mann's photographs which depict nude and battered children.
From the Paper
"Mann's most familiar, and controversial imagery focuses on the lives of her three children. They are depictions of innocence about to be shattered by the intrusion of the adult world with its lies, violence, and corruption. They are not intended to arouse the viewer sexually but to arouse thought provoking introspection regarding the pain of growing up."
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