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Pablo Picasso, 2005.
An overview of the life and art career of this famous painter.
1,010 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
Pablo Picasso, one of the most famous artists in the history of art, was greatly concerned with social justice and the condition of man, becoming a self-avowed communist early on. This paper shows that Picasso continued to produce works of art throughout his lifetime, frequently returning to basic themes to which he continually brought new insights and methods of conveyance. The paper shows that by the time of his death at age 92, Picasso had left an indelible mark on the world of art, ensuring his place in history.
From the Paper
"During his lifetime, Picasso went through a number of developmental stages including his aptly named blue, rose and Negro periods. Picasso borrowed artistic elements and gained artistic influence from varying persons and cultures, bringing them all together to create something that was uniquely his own. With Georges Braque, Picasso is credited with founding the cubist movement, in addition to being the originator of collage artwork. Picasso worked in a wide array of artistic mediums, with a seemingly boundless range and reach. While many of the themes Picasso addressed in his artwork were similar to those seen in classical painting (portraits, still lifes, landscapes, literary themes, old masters, love and death, joy and suffering, etc.) he is credited with having paved the way for art to move toward the more abstract, subliminal and subconscious. Picasso broke down convention, creating something new and revolutionary to take its place."
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Photography as Art, 2006.
A review of photography as an art form.
1,250 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper studies photography as an art form -- from the mundane, such as photojournalism, to the fantastic, i.e. interpretative artistic photographs. The author briefly reviews the history of photography, before delving into the scientific details of the art form. The paper then explores photography as an expressive art form, which does not require literal interpretation of subject matter.
The Science and the Art of Photography
Contemplative Photography
Photographic Presentation
Artistic Expression
From the Paper
"According to U.K. scientist and photographer, Mike Ware (1993), the photograph is a way of enhancing observation. The viewer is presented with a view of a world that is seldom noticed. A moment is taken from time and frozen for the viewer to study and react to. This could be a scene as mundane as a street filled with businesses, or as fantastic as a complicated collage, with a profusion of images assaulting the eye. The artistic purpose remains to make the viewer see what the photograph represents and to bring an individual interpretation to it. Hidden beauty is exposed to the eye of the camera and thus to the eye of the viewer. In this way the mundane and the fantastic become one. Perhaps one could say that the mundane in photography could also be compared to its scientific aspect, whereas the fantastic parallels the final artistic product."
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Albrecht D?rer, 2006.
A study of the life and work of the great German painter, Albrecht Durer.
1,875 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the life and work of Albrecht Durer, one of the great German painters of the Cinquecento, whose work was both influenced by and contributed to the spread of the Reformation throughout Germany. The author details Durer's personal history together with the historical developments in Germany and Christianity at the time. The paper also provides a detailed study of Durer's painting "The Four Apostles", which the author calls a culmination of his beliefs regarding the nature of God and the dignity of the human being.
From the Paper
"The Germany of Durer's time was still burdened by the feudal system and by widespread illiteracy. A growing, prosperous middle class paved the way for the social, economic and religious revisions that would later be called the Reformation. Still, because of the lack of sufficient education, paintings were a remarkably important source of information for the general populace. Durer was a devotee of Luther and of his ideas of direct human connection to God, and thus Durer's work was an significant vehicle for the dissemination of Reformation ideology."
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Man Ray, 2006.
A look at the artistic career of photographer, Man Ray.
1,799 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the photography of Man Ray, describing both his spirit of innovation and his enormous talent for the photographic medium. The paper discusses Ray's early career, his interest in photography, his work in New York and Paris, his surrealist and Dadaist works and his influence on the mainstream (and often upper class) dress fashions of the late 1930s.
From the Paper
"Ray's interest in photography grew stronger in the 1920s. He showed a masterful control of camera and dark room skills, but he was most notably an innovator. He helped re-instate the cliche-verre method of making direct photographic reproductions of drawings on glass. He used a variety of methods to produce photographic images without using a camera by "placing translucent objects on sensitized paper, adjusting lights at various angles, moving objects and/or lights above and across the paper, and at times actually immersing objects in the developer during exposure." [Perpetual, p. 27] If photography was machine-art, then Ray's photographs without a camera were even harder to categorize, an unidentifiable realm of artistic mystery. Although not entirely of his own invention, Ray's experimentation with these forms of exposure led to a liberation in the modernist's way of interpreting reality."
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The Development of Art Throughout the World, 2006.
This paper reviews the history of various art forms in "Art in the Western World," written by David M. Robb and J. J. Garrisson.
1,020 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the development of western art forms from early architectural designs through sculptures of the Greeks and Romans, the European art of the Renaissance period and into the 20th century as written about in "Art in the Western World," by David M. Robb and J. J. Garrisson.
From the Paper
"Hendrick Willem Van Loon, traces the history of Art in The Arts. Van Loon follows the development of Art from the prehistoric period, the Minoan civilization, the Greeks and Romans, Gothic Art, Renaissance Art, Chinese and Japanese art into the Empire style of the early 1800's. He looks at art as a whole, discussing musicians as well as architects, sculptors and painters."
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David Alfaro Siqueiros, 2005.
Examines the political and artistic career of painter David Alfaro Siqueiros.
1,641 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
Perhaps with the exception of Andre Malraux, no painter affiliated with the arts has been involved in direct political action as heavily as David Alfaro Siqueiros. The paper shows that as a student activist, soldier, and a leader of an assassination crew, Siqueiros was also considered one the artistic masters of the twentieth century, a member of that great Mexican school of mural painting that includes Diego Rivera and Jose Clemente Orozco. Inventive, insightful, and always in search of new techniques and experiments with materials, Siqueiros frequently used pyroxylin, a substance related to gun-cotton, which dries with amazing speed. The paper shows that with the ability to produce art with remarkable efficiency, Siqueiros' career was prolific, deep and inspiring.
From the Paper
"Released in 1964, Siqueiros continued as a partisan of international Marxism. A supporter of Castro's Cuba and a foe of U.S. intervention in Vietnam, he was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize in 1967. And in the final decade of his life, Siqueiros set up a workshop in Cuernavaca and painted his most ambitious work, a huge mural called "The March of Humanity." When it was inaugurated, on December 15, 1971, President Luis Echeverria was in attendance. Because he had been blamed for the Tlatelolco massacre, that took place while he was interior minister, Echeverria was trying to project a populist image and mend fences with the left."
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Montage, 2006.
A description and history of montage as an art form.
1,767 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the art of montage and how it began its involvement with photography. The paper also describes the original purpose of the montage and the origins of the term "photomontage". The paper further explains that, because of the political message in the photomontage artwork that emerged out of Nazi Germany, photomontage represented a move away from abstract, figurative painting and instead tried to create an image of shocking reality according to the Nazis. The paper then goes on to explain how the use of photomontage as a political tool also found its way into the message of the Dadaists and the work of John Heartfield who used photomontage to expose the evilness of Nazism. Finally, the paper looks at how photographer Sebastiao Salgado also used photomontage to provide an image of poverty that, while tragic, is also dignified in its sadness.
From the Paper
"Montage as an art form involves the combination of two or more different elements to create something new. This art began its involvement and combination with photography during the 1830's, shortly after photography itself had been invented. The direct contact printing of leaves, ferns, flowers and drawings can be seen as the predecessor of photomontage in its present form. The manipulation of the original photograph in its various forms, including double printing and composite photographs, were popular diversions during the 1830's. This was its main purpose at the time (Ades, 1976:7)."
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Song Dynasty Painting, 2006.
This paper details emperor Hui-Tsung's life, not only as an ineffectual leader but as an accomplished artist, specializing in delicately colored bird-and-flower paintings.
4,900 words (approx. 19.6 pages), 26 sources, MLA, $ 124.95
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Abstract
This paper contains in-depth research on the life of emperor and artist Hui Tsung. The author of this paper discusses Hui-Tsung as a sophisticated antiquarian, whose talent and vision became an increasingly important factor in Chinese art. What differentiated Emperor Hui-tsung's painting style and that of the Literati was the emperor's main focus on Taoistic idealistic realism. Numerous historians of art believe that the Northern Sung Dynasty period produced the greatest realistic landscapes in China's history. This extensive paper also covers in detail the different views and aspects on the history of art in China.
Topics covered in this paper include:
Introduction
The Northern Dissident Literati
Su Ch'e
Confucianism and Taoism
Emperor Hui-tsung
Li T'ang
Xia gui
Conclusion
Chinese footnotes
Bibliography
From the Paper
"According to a translation from the German Tripod Mitgdeider Home Page, which includes an anthology of Chinese Poets of the Sung Dynasty, Ou Yang hsiu was an outstanding proselytizer and poet of the ' Northern Sung '. His pen name was Tsui weng, which has been translated as "the old gray drunk". Ou Yang's father died when he was four years old and he grew up in difficult conditions. It is said that his mother taught him reading and he was forced to write in the dirt, having no money to purchase paper. Later he took the civil service exams and became politically active. He belonged to the progressive fan Chung Yen and was eventually deported to a remote area of China. Despite this set back, he devoted himself to transforming the poetry and prose of his period. Although He was a devotee of the T'ang poet and the famous philosopher Han Uye, his work was smoothly elegant and unique having almost a musical quality."
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"Practical Feng Shui", 2006.
This paper explains the basic philosophy of feng shui while reviewing Simon Brown's book, "Practical Feng Shui."
1,050 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper describes why feng shui is the Chinese art of placement and how this art form uses arrangement, decorative objects, compass orientation and material composition to achieve its objectives. The paper covers the feng shui philosophy of creating a balance in your surroundings, which then creates a balance in your life. The writer also examines how Simon Brown's book, "Practical Feng Shui", uses the principles of this ancient tradition to influence health, wealth and happiness.
From the Paper
"There are four different schools of feng shui: the Compass Method, Eight House Method, Flying Star School, and the Form School. Each of these schools share the basic beliefs of how energy flows, yin and yang, the Five Elements, and the Eight Trigrams. Practical Feng Shui uses the Compass Method for its guidance of placement. The book then details how to incorporate representatives of the Five Elements, manipulate energy flow, create balance, and align with the auspicious directions corresponding to your life's functions.
The foundation for feng shui is energy flow. Energy, or the lack thereof, effects all that we do and all that we are. There is an undercurrent of electromagnetic energy that links all things in the universe. This energy is called "chi".
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Ansel Adams, 2006.
A short biographical account of American wilderness photographer and conservationist, Ansel Adams.
999 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly details the life and career of photographer and conservationist Ansel Adams. The paper describes some of his photograph-masterpieces and discusses his contributions to wilderness conservation efforts.
From the Paper
"A wilderness area named for a photographer? He must really have done something special. Yes, there is an Ansel Adams Wilderness, located in the Inyo and Sierra National Forests in California, and Yes, Ansel Adams was far more than a photographer. He used his camera and his conservationist ideas to alert people to the inroads society was making on the wilderness, and made every effort not merely to show the beauty of nature, but used those pictures to make a valid point for Conservation. His was a long and full life, with the innovations of camera techniques that brought a new concept of visualization to still pictures of nature."
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American Historical Artist John Trumbull, 2005.
This paper discusses the life and works of American historical artist John Trumbull, whose paintings depict major episodes in the U.S. War of Independence.
2,715 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in contemporary American society, the use of images to learn history has been under-valued as exemplified by the relative under-appreciation for the art of John Trumbull, an American painter, architect and author, whose paintings of major episodes in the U.S. War of Independence form a unique record of that conflict's events and participants. The author points out that Trumbull's most famous work is his documentary painting, "The Declaration of Independence", finished in 1836, which is a familiar image in American popular iconography. The paper describes in detail the paintings "Declaration of Independence", "The Surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown" and "The Battle of Bunker's Hill"; each of these paintings realistically depicts not only the scenes but also the historically correct portraiture of the participants.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Biography Information
Early life
Painting Career
"The Declaration of Independence"
Avenues of Fame
Misnaming
Description of Painting
Portraiture
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
Benjamin Franklin
Members of Congress
Actual Scene
"Surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown"
Description of Painting
Portraitures
Cornwallis
O'Hara
General Lincoln
Actual Scene
"The Battle of Bunker's Hill"
Description of Painting
Portraiture
General Putnam
British Officers
Howe
Clinton
Small
Pitcairn
Actual Scene
Conclusion
From the Paper
""The Battle of Bunker's Hill" is also among Trumbull's most famous paintings. This painting is composed of many figures in close combat, and the painting's organization lies along a sweeping diagonal. Moreover, the dramatic contrasts of light and shadow movingly culminate in the highlighted soldier dying in the arms of a comrade.This was the first of Trumbull's Revolutionary War masterpieces to be finished, and it was also painted in the studio of Benjamin West in London. It was completed in March 1786, although the origin of the portraiture in this painting is less known than that of the two aforementioned Revolutionary War paintings. For example, it is unknown where Trumbull obtained the likeness of General Warren, although it is probable that he copied a portrait by Copley."
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Pablo Picasso, 2005.
This paper discusses the life and work of one of the most recognizable names in the history of art, Pablo Picasso.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Pablo Picasso helped develop both analytic cubism, which involved using brown colors and analyzing individual things based on their shapes, and synthetic cubism, which involved making a collage and the use of color. The author points out that, through symbols as clues, Picasso was able to leave the interpretation of the art to the viewer. The paper concludes that Picasso's unique style changed the world of art forever because incorporating different aspects of an object into the painting all at once was considered very revolutionary at the time and went against what had always been done.
From the Paper
"In 1901, Picasso began signing his painting with simply "Picasso," which is the name that he is still known as to this day. This is when his "Blue Period" started, as he used sombre blue colors, since he lost a close friend around this time period due to a suicide. In 1904, Picasso moved to Paris for good and bought a studio there. This also marked the beginning of his "Rose Period," where he used more cheerful colors like red and orange. Many people think his happiness was brought about as a result of his relationship with Fernande Olivier, as well as his interaction with a different style of art in France. In 1906, Picasso made his first major sale to art dealer Ambroise Vollard for 2000 francs. Around this time, Picasso began to experiment with the style that would make him famous: Cubism. "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon" is credited with being the first cubist painting on record. Picasso painted that in 1907 at the age of 26."
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