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Metaphors in Daily Life, 2008.
A paper describing the meaning and use of metaphors in all forms of communications.
3,255 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at definitions of metaphors, their usefulness or lack thereof, and the basics of communication theory and how metaphors work in conjunction with that theory. While acknowledging that metaphors are good in that they describe a feeling that might not be communicated in another fashion, the paper also looks at whether it might be possible to educate the receiver of these metaphores that it might be prudent to implement some basic communication theories before swallowing metaphors "as true fact'.
From the Paper
"Metaphors go through every form of communication in daily life. Since everything from politics, to science, to internet based research, entertainment, to speaking day to day with friends, neighbors and academic professionals involve spoken or written communication, metaphors permeate every facet of our lives.
"With that being the case, we need to understand them, and that is the purpose behind this paper, Metaphors in Daily Life. This paper looks at definitions of metaphors, if any exist, their usefulness or lack thereof, and the basic of communication theory and how metaphors work in conjunction with that theory. Do they have a relevance when the recipient of the conversation does not share the same experiences as the deliverer of those messages, or are they lost with no relevance because there is not enough literal meaning in which to extract meaningful interpretation?"
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Dialogues with Nursing Patients, 2008.
This paper analyzes three nursing dialogues with very different patients.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the only way that nurses will learn about patients' needs and concerns is to really listen and to communicate well. The author points out that the purpose of the dialogues described in the paper was to identify or express the concerns of a patient with tachycardia, a breast cancer patient and a person with chronic abdominal pain. The paper stresses that the better the nurse's communication skills, the higher will be the quality of care that she or he provides. The author underscores that the most important point learned from these dialogues is the importance of the patient's perspective. The paper suggest that open-ended questions, going with the flow, patients' use of certain words or sentences and attentive listening are essential to a successful patient-nurse dialogue.
From the Paper
"I made other errors with Mrs. K, but they became a learning experience for the next two dialogues. For instance, I interrupted Mrs. K at times to respond to her. The most valuable lesson from Dialogue 1 was that we can remain true to the original intent by asking open-ended questions. The whole direction of the communication can be guided with open-ended questions. At the same time, there were blocks to effective communication because I began with a closed question. When Mrs. K stated that she felt she was becoming paralyzed, that statement needs to be explored with a great deal of empathy."
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Local Mitigation Strategy for St. Lucie, 2008.
A strategy set up to ensure the least amount of distress to citizens in the wake of a "disaster".
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the local mitigation strategy set up in St. Lucie County 1998 after the devastation to the area from hurricanes Jeanne and Frances. The paper discusses the three entities that work together to address issues that adversely affect the citizens of the area and provide methods that ensure that the least amount of "impact" is realized following a "man-made or natural hazard". The author concludes that the communication plans for public policy programs follow one specific format in general, the creation of a central authority that oversees the program and that considers the needs of all stakeholders.
Outline:
Local Mitigation Strategy for St. Lucie County
Wage Labor Policy
Minority, Women, and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise
Head Start in Nevada
Evaluate the Roles of Elected and Appointed Officials
Evaluate How Competing Interests Were Balanced and Tradeoffs Made
Conclusion
From the Paper
"St. Lucie County developed a local mitigation strategy in 1998 after the devastation to the area from hurricanes Jeanne and Frances ("Local", n.d., para. 1). The local mitigation strategy is comprised of "three municipalities within the County, the local business community, and non-profit organizations" ("Local", n.d., para. 1). These entities work together to address issues that adversely affect the citizenry of the area and provide methods that ensure that the least amount of "impact" is realized following a "manmade or natural hazard" ("Local", n.d., para. 2).
"The local mitigation strategy calls for a steering committee that works to alleviate concerns that have previously been felt by the community in other situations. The committee develops a list of issues that have priority for the community and that are the first to receive federal funding, should a hazard occur. The communications between the three primary groups that oversee the needs of the community stakeholders are then addressed through the existence of the steering committee, which acts on their behalf in situations related to community concern."
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Network News Bias, 2008.
An analytical examination of the hypothesis that network news presents a liberal bias.
1,377 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes whether network news has a liberal bias. More specifically, it tries to explain a relationship between the content of network news and its particular inclination to liberal views. The paper examines the research methodology used to analyze the hypotheses that the author puts forward regarding network news and its views and describes how the methodology can be improved.
Outline:
Introduction
Research Methodology: Alternatives, Optimal Choice, and the Rationale
Validity and Robustness of the Model
From the Paper
"It would also be beneficial to test sub-hypotheses that support the main hypothesis so as to understand if the data is given contradictory results. For example, the main hypothesis is testing whether network news has a liberal bias. Sub-hypotheses can measure specific liberal biases, such as the treatment of the war on Iraq, views about social security or taxes in general, and opinions on leadership in the country. If the main hypothesis is tested and it is proven that there is a liberal bias, then these sub-hypotheses, should also slant towards a liberal view on network news, if not, then the main hypothesis is not supported and may need another methodological approach."
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Negotiations in Education, 2008.
This paper argues against traditional bargaining in education negotiations.
2,262 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews why traditional bargaining in education is a deeply flawed approach and why it must be replaced by a collaborative approach that emphasizes mutual gain and integrative solutions. The paper reviews the various types of negotiation and explains why mutual-gains bargaining is the only way for education negotiations to work. Ultimately, this writer insists that both parties work on behalf of children and this fact should be borne in mind by the adults representing the two sides.
From the Paper
"Without question, collective bargaining is most effective when it emphasizes a mutual-gains approach founded upon collaboration, flexibility, and integrative bargaining, rather than an adversarial approach; after all, people who fight bitterly over the bargaining table are unlikely to work constructively in the workplace when the negotiations are finally at an end. More than that, personal feelings may intrude upon professional duties in the aftermath of a particularly bitter negotiation to such an extent that a poisonous work environment may eventually develop - one which will make students and parents the undeserving victims of animosities that were created and then aggravated by professionals sitting across from one another at a bargaining session."
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Community Relationships and the Internet, 2008.
A look at the growing use of the Internet and its potential dangers.
1,245 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the growth of the Internet as a means of mass communication. The paper notes that, as the Internet has developed over the years, more services have been added and users can access huge amounts of information. The author also describes the concerns that are emerging today as to its potential to reduce social interaction and isolate users from the community.
From the Paper
"From the beginning of the Internet as a means of mass communication, critics have seen this development as having the potential to reduce social interaction and isolate users from the community. As more and more types of service are added to the Internet, these concerns have only increased. However, at the same time, the Internet has developed its own sense of community, though certainly this is a community with minimal personal interaction, leaving open the question of how damaging a shift from a face-to-face community to an online community may be.
"Kraut (1998), a professor of social psychology at Carnegie Mellon University, conducted a study and found that the Internet was dangerous to one's social and psychological well being (Plotnikoff, 2001, paras. 1-11)). Tranvik (2001) addresses a the key question when he asks about the new technologies, "will they cause unimaginable levels of social isolation, or will they bring a new society with a friendlier face" (Tranvik, 2001, para. 1). The fear has been that they will bring more isolation, though many users believe they interact more with others online than they do in life. Cyberspace most certainly does constitute a new community to which virtually anyone may belong, and how helpful or harmful this may be will be clear in time."
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"With Respect to the Japanese", 2008.
This paper reviews John C. Condon's book, "With Respect to the Japanese".
733 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines John C. Condon's book, "With Respect to the Japanese", which is devoted to an overview and discussion of international relations between the Japanese and Westerners, particularly Americans involved in business contacts with the Japanese. The paper discusses how Condon believes that truly understanding another culture requires a special effort to see the people of the other culture as they see themselves. The paper summarizes the contents of Condon's book and asserts that it is a valuable contribution to the literature of popular cultural studies of modern Japan, written for a Western audience.
From the Paper
"Condon begins with the somewhat facetious statement that Japan and America make up an "odd couple," that is to say, two nations that are very different from each other, possessing what seem to be mutually alien ways of living and thinking, and yet which are tightly tied together in a relationship of mutual dependence, ironically facilitated by Japan's defeat in World War II. At that time, the almost total destruction of Japan's economy and industry and the occupation of the country by United States forces and interests created a unique situation in which the rebuilding of the former enemy would bring it into much closer contact with the victors than would otherwise ever be possible."
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Postmodernism and Pop Culture Religion, 2008.
This paper looks at the portrayal of Judeo-Christian beliefs in television cartoons.
1,608 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the influence of postmodernism on religion by exploring the Judeo-Christian religious beliefs present in television cartoons. The paper discusses how the perception of religion has changed through the postmodernist lens and also demonstrates how the cartoons themselves have been transformed from a form of childhood entertainment to one where serious adult issues are explored. The paper examines the cartoons "Veggie Tales", "The Simpsons" and "South Park".
Outline:
Introduction
Religion and Child-Targeted Cartoons
Religion and Adult-Targeted Cartoons
Remarks on Crossed Worlds
Summary
From the Paper
"The influences of postmodernism within society are both diverse in nature and heavily distributed in content (Hull 57). Improvement in the ease of communications and the time taken to invest in same has led to a society in which its participants are highly decentralized, especially in respect to shared cultural commonalities such as ethnic, geographic, or religious traits. Also, while these traits still exist and persist, they are represented in non-traditional formats that demonstrate their influence on the community but are not authentic representations of the original traits themselves."
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"Jacob", 2008.
An analysis of Maria Campbell's poem "Jacob".
869 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Maria Campbell's "Jacob" and explores how her work captures the rhythms and echoes of non-elite speech. The paper discusses Campbell's utilization of the oral family history, a mode of communication popular among native cultures, that was intended to resist the conventions and paradigms established by the dominant western society. The paper describes the poem as poignant and transgressive snf devoted to breaking free of the literary "mold" put into place by those who effaced the cultures which preceded them in North America.
From the Paper
"Maria Campbell's elegant poem, "Jacob", captures the rhythms and echoes of speech in a way that more conventional and "esoteric" poetry does not. First of all, the poetry uses the vernacular of one who is little-schooled in the art of speaking formal, "white man's" language. Examples of this abound: there are frequent substitutions of "dat" for "that" (Campbell, lines 3, 6, 10, 11 and 15) and "dah" for the article "the" (Campbell, lines 22-24 and 28). Going further, the article invariably uses the term, "dey" in place of the English pronoun, "they" (Campbell, lines 19, 26, 32 and 34). Why Campbell would resort to this is a question that does not yield any definitive answers - but a number of possibilities."
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A Dialectological Study, 2007.
This paper is a dialectological study of the Peel Region, Southern Ontario, a mainly suburban area of Toronto with many new Canadians from around the world.
1,010 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a dialectological study of the Peel region first seemed impossible due to the high ethnic diversity of the region; however, the research revealed that Peel does feature an idiom different from that of Toronto. The author points out that some verification was possible when contrasting what was heard of the English spoken by diverse Torontonians on public transit as compared to the English that new Canadians acquired if they both lived and worked in Peel. The paper stresses that this research underscores that it is not true that globalization has created a world of uniform speakers of American-English. The author concludes that this preliminary research produced the thesis that the rise of local economies that absorb people who might otherwise commute to work elsewhere promises a degree of insularity to encourage certain forms of expression. It also seemed that the first language spoken mattered less than the kind of English one learned or adopted in Canada.
Table of Contents:
Telling Remarks
Discussion
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"A man born in Punjab, a Canadian for 25 years, stated that there could be no Peel dialect due to a diverse population and the influence of TV that had made North American accents quite similar. At the same time, he used to syllable of "eh" and also happened to use another bit of rural jargon in referring to having gone "down" to Kingston recently when most certainly he meant across. A total of 10 subjects agreed with his opinion that there was no Peel accent or dialect but said that they found the English spoken in Toronto very halting, as if it was assumed that no stranger had English as the first language or a good command of it."
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Group Dynamics and Communication, 2008.
A study of how a nursing staff improved the effectiveness of their team through group dynamics and communication.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of group dynamics and communication by analyzing how the nursing staff on a head injury unit worked together with a team leader and a psychologist to find ways to reduce the escalating levels of aggression among patients. The paper examines factors that affect team effectiveness such as the team's productivity, quality, and timeliness, the strategies it uses to enhance its ability to work together in the future, and how the group experience contributes to the learning and well-being of team members. The paper also stresses the importance of open communication, group decision-making, cohesion, and motivation. The paper concludes that the nursing staff was able to achieve its goals through the strategies they learned and devised as a team, and most importantly, through their cohesion as a work group and their motivation.
From the Paper
"The team's task needs to correspond to the team's purpose. The team size should be as small as possible, must include members with adequate task and interpersonal skills, and should be marked by diversity. The size of the team was not a problem and there was ample diversity. Diversity means having people who are not too similar or so different that they cannot communicate or coordinate properly with one another (Wageman, 2005). The problem with the team was more based in personality where some members were introverts and others were not inclined to speak out. All groups are based on the idea of cooperative group norms that reflect the team members' shared pursuits, shared objectives, and mutual interests If the group has strong expectations about cooperation, the members expect each other to engage in information sharing (Ng & Van Dyne, 2005). Once again, the team leader needed to act on the discrepancy. The team leader is there to coordinate and motivate, and to build commitment to the group and its task, and to help find innovative ways to accomplish the tasks (Wageman, 2005)."
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Media in a Democratic Society, 2008.
This paper explores whether the media in the United States, Canada and Mexico are effective in investigating government and sustaining democratic values in their societies.
2,278 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a comparison and contrast of the societies and political cultures of the United States, Canada and Mexico as well as the media operations in each culture. The paper argues that while the U.S. model is influential in both Canada and Mexico, the similarities are closest between the U.S. and Canada in that corporate power blocks systemic media criticism of government. The paper contrasts this to Mexico where a more authoritarian political structure has historically resulted in more direct political control of media by government and political authority as opposed to corporate entities. The paper clearly shows how in neither of the three countries does the media - albeit in different respects - foster democratic values.
Outline:
Introduction
Media in the United States - Personality over Politics
Media in Canada - Politics and Culture
Media in Mexico - Absolute Convergence
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Political and media critics in the United States have argued that one of the defining features of American media's representation of government is its tendency to focus on personality over politics. This can be seen most clearly in presidents, as the recent presidencies of George W. Bush and Bill Clinton have revealed an extraordinary level of focus on one individual personality rather than the complex processes of government itself. In fact, this was a process that began with the era of television in the 1950s, when politicians became celebrities and their political power was closely intertwined with their media images (Schickel 201). Since that time, American political campaigns have been oriented towards television and the importance of the thirty second "sound bite" (Jackson et al. 129)."
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