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Immigration in the European Community ( EC ), 1994.
Argues that countries across the EC have been becoming increasingly stringent in their immigration policies, yet need for people to migrate due to economic pressure is increasing. One of the few doors left open was to claim asylum.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 23.95
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"The institution of a common immigration policy is high on the list of stated goals for the European Community (EC). However, an implicit policy for asylum already seems to be in place. The drop in asylum applications for countries of the EC indicates that Europe is bound and determined to keep poor foreigners out in any way possible (The Economist, July 30, 1994). A big source of immigrant traffic has historically come from economic migrants; however, over the last five to six years, immigration controls have been tightening across many EC countries, which has made such migration increasingly difficult. One of the last routes open to economic migrants had been to seek entry by claiming they were in need of political asylum. The extent of false asylum claims, however, may be leading EC country.."
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The Fall of the Soviet Union, 1994.
Argues that while the Soviet economy was responsive to political direction, that direction & the model of development chosen were disasters.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 47.95
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"Introduction
It has been repeatedly pointed out that much of the legitimacy that the Soviet regime enjoyed was connected with the modest growth in the standards of living that have been a feature of Soviet society, especially after World War II and during the early portion of the Brezhnev period. The insignificant cost of housing, food and other basic necessities--whenever available and whatever low quality--guaranteed full employment and some possibilities for social mobility. In this sense it can be argued that the Soviet economy was largely responsive to political direction in the Stalin and post-Stalin periods up to 1985. However on a deeper level the Soviet system was about to become undone because it was based on a developmental model that appears to have been outmoded (Colton, "What Ails the Soviet System, pp..."
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Collapse of Soviet Union, 1993.
Analyzes historical, economic & political roots & failure of Western observers to foresee the collapse.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 39.95
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"The abrupt collapse of the Soviet Union at the beginning of the 1990s was possibly the least anticipated development of the twentieth century. Almost all writers on the future of the Soviet Union foresaw something quite different than what actually came to pass. Liberals had a vague hope that the system would liberalize into Western European-style social democracy. Conservatives had an equally vague hope that nationalism, religion, or the sheer inefficiency of state socialism, might eventually undermine the system and lead to a counter-revolution.
On both sides of the spectrum, however, these possibilities were, well into the 1980s, banished into an indefinite future (Urban, 1993, pp. xix-xx). Only one writer, the Soviet historian.."
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East & West Germany, 1993.
History & development of two Germanies leading to reunification in 1990. Looking at social, political, ideological and economic issues. Examining its ties to East & West, leadership and problems.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 16 sources, $ 127.95
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" When masses of East Germans peacefully swarmed over the Berlin Wall in the autumn of 1989 - ending almost 3 decades of forcible division of German from German - so began a human mix of euphoria, expectation, dislocation and turmoil that we call "life" and scholars are already terming "an epoch-making historical moment." The drama of release was caught on television; political experts and the media went from speculating idly about reunification of the German peoples in "a generation, or slightly less". - to enthusiastically gushing that the politics of the street had overtaken the diplomatic waltzes of the politicians.
By July of 1990 the two Germanies, the Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR) of the eastern regions and the western Federal Republic of Germany, were united monetarily; in.."
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European Defense through 1990s, 1993.
Examined in terms of the effects of demise of Soviet Union, European Community, economics, German reunification, security & cooperation, future and the role of the U.S.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 12 sources, $ 111.95
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" The following is an assessment of the changed European defense environment, examining the changes that have been brought about, implications for existing defense relationships, the strategy for European defense through the 1990s, a forecasting of possible threats or changes still to come, and recommendations for future action.
THE CHANGED EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENT
The dissolution of the Soviet Union and its satellite Eastern bloc offers a rare opportunity for curtailing certain defense policies and expenditures on the basis of there no longer being an immediate need. Much of our policy in Europe over the past four decades has been geared to staving off an implied Soviet threat both from the Soviet Union itself and from the satellite nations of Eastern Europe. The disintegration of the.."
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Investment in Russia in Early 1990s, 1993.
Advantages & disadvantages. Market research briefing treating Russia as a developing nation. Provides theories and models and looks at issues of privitization, best industries, joint ventures and strategic cycle.
7,650 words (approx. 30.6 pages), 86 sources, $ 135.95
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"STRATEGIC BUSINESS PLANNING FOR FOREIGN INVESTORS IN RUSSIA
This research explores the advantages and disadvantages of investment in Russia in the early-1990s through a review of the various aspects involved in the application of the principles of strategic business planning to the Russian economic environment. In the conduct of this exploration, market anomalies between Russia and developed western economies, investment opportunities in Russia, joint venture potentials, and the operation of free economic zones are considered.
Market Anomalies Between Russia and Developed Western Economies
The failure of the attempted coup de etat against the Gorbachev government in the Soviet Union in 1991 led directly to both the official disestablishment and the official disenfranchising of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.."
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Stalinist Russia, 1993.
An analysis of pro- and anti-Stalin historical interpretations and its effect on post-Stalin liberalization. Includes politics, World War II and economics.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 8 sources, $ 95.95
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"The Soviet Union as it existed until 1991 was essentially the legacy of Josef Stalin. More than Lenin--who died in 1924, only seven years after the Revolution, and who was in failing health for some time before that--it was Stalin who shaped the Soviet political and economic system. It was Stalin who shaped the image of Communism as a system based on labor-camps and mass terror. On the other side of the balance, it was also Stalin who forged the Soviet Union into a military and industrial superpower and who played perhaps the greatest single role in the defeat of Nazi Germany.
In the eyes of official Soviet propaganda, and of his apologists in Stalin's own day and to a degree for many years thereafter, Stalin was presented as a sort of demigod (see for..."
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The Romanian Revolution of 1989, 1993.
A look at the background, major events, leadership, the execution of Ceausescus, politics, secret police, the elections of 1990 and the media.
4,500 words (approx. 18.0 pages), 18 sources, $ 135.95
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"The Romanian Revolution of 1989
Of all the revolutions which swept through Eastern Europe between 1988 and 1992, the Romanian revolution of December, 1990 stands out for the violence which occurred, the animosity of the people towards the overthrown rulers, and the uncertainty concerning the actual extent of change which took place. The events which took place in Romania between December 22, 1989 and January 1, 1990 were coupled with a level of violence which was unmatched by any of the other East Bloc revolts or by the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the Winter of 1991/92. Not only did the active participants in the rebellion forcibly capture Nicolae Ceausescu and his wife, Elena, after an attempted violent crackdown on the demonstrations, but the leaders of the rebellion also executed both after a questionable trial."
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"The Russian Revolution: 1917-1932" by Sheila Fitzpatrick, 1993.
An examination of the stages of the Revolution, including its causes, aims, the author's approach and the outcome and impact on society.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, $ 63.95
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"Author Sheila Fitzpatrick examines in her book, The Russian Revolution: 1917-1932, the most basic aspects of the revolution--causes, the aims, social support, the impact on the Russian society, the political outcome, and the time span of the revolution itself. Her essential theme is that the Russian Revolution differed from other revolutions in that it peculiarly has been described by various historians as ending at different times. Fitzpatrick treats the February and October Revolutions of 1917, the Civil War, the interlude of the New Economic Policy and Stalin's initial Five Year plan as successive stages in the overall revolution (p. 3).
Fitzpatrick compares her view to that of Crane Brinton in Anatomy of Revolution, suggesting that revolutions have a form of their own, passing through the stages of enthusiasm for radical..."
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Breakup of the Soviet Union, 1993.
A look at the history, ideology, leadership, politics, economics, Gorbachev's reforms, republic's sovereignty and the failure of communism.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 16 sources, $ 87.95
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"The Breakup of the Soviet Union
This paper will discuss the dissolution of the Soviet Union, focusing particularly upon the nature of the communist government and the effects of Mikhail Gorbachev's economic, political, and social reforms in the 1980s.
The Soviet Union was established in 1917 as a result of revolutionary developments in Russia dating back to the 19th Century. At the beginning of the 20th Century, Russia was essentially a feudal society, lagging economically and politically behind the countries of western Europe. A few individuals had been inspired by the American and French revolutions in the 18th Century to attempt to change the autocratic government of the Tsar, but had little support within Russia (Gooding, 1992, 38-39). The movement towards a more..."
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Bosnian Civil War, 1993.
An examination of the Bosnian civil war, including a look at the background, ethnic cleansing, international responses, parties involved, military aspects and the future.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, $ 79.95
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"The civil war in Bosnia and neighboring "republics" of the former Yugoslavia has led in 1992 and 1993 to the most violent fighting and greatest bloodshed that has been seen anywhere in Europe since the end of the Second World War. It has added the phrase "ethnic cleansing" to our lexicon of cynical political euphemisms, and introduced such new horrors to the twentieth century's already-long list as the reputed existence of "rape camps" where women are raped on a large scale and a systematic basis, as a component of political strategy in inter-ethnic strategy (MacKinnon, 1993).
The Bosnian civil war has also posed an intense challenge to the "new world order" that was proclaimed so confidently after the collapse of Soviet communism and the US.-led coalition victory in the Persian Gulf War. Did the concept of a new world..."
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Criminal Justice in Russia, 1993.
A look at the evolution of the judicial system from Gorbachev's reform to the new Russian republic.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, $ 71.95
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"The issues facing the various republics that were once bound together as the Soviet Union are considerable, and these formerly communist-led regions are having to rethink their various social, cultural, and political institutions and to try to develop new approaches more in keeping with the democracies they aspire to become. Russia today is faced with this problem in terms of its criminal justice system, and the restructuring of this system was actually started before the breakup of the Soviet Union. It is now being carried forward in an atmosphere of experimentation that may at times clash with the more conservative nature of law, and reform continues to be the motivating element in these efforts. This means that there is a recognition that the old system was unjust and that it would not suit the sort of society Russia has become and intends to build to an even greater degree."
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