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Social Problems, 2007.
An analysis of the definition of "social problems," looking specifically at poverty and domestic abuse.
1,128 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the term "social problem." It specifically looks at criteria for social problems that have been developed by scholars in order to qualify problems as "social problems". The paper discusses the significant institutional problems of poverty and domestic abuse and how they affect American society. The paper also briefly discusses the issues of population, urbanization environment and globalization.
From the Paper
"Another institutional problem that we have studied is domestic abuse. This problem has continued to persist within our society despite national legislation and a variety of local, regional and national agencies to prevent domestic abuse. The problem itself stems from the American Family, although we traditionally think of this American family as being very strong, the reality is that the combination of high divorce rates and greater social complexities in the modern era has created greater strain and tension in the family. In order to prevent domestic abuse, we must start again at the local level. The most important aspect is in using neighborhood watches to ensure that no child abuse is occurring. Agencies and organizations can do little to help unless they are notified, therefore it is up to the local community to identify situations of domestic abuse."
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Innovation and Corporate Social Responsibility, 2007.
This paper considers innovation and profitability as an argument for corporate social responsibility (CSR).
4,155 words (approx. 16.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how companies must be responsive to the needs of the communities in which they compete, in a process termed corporate social responsibility (CSR). The paper provides an overview of CSR and demonstrates through research how, in the course of pursuing CSR initiatives, some companies have developed very innovative products and services that are beneficial to the company's profitability. The paper also points out that the key to a company's success in using any type of innovation to a company's advantage, from the CSR perspective, is to communicate with local municipal authorities, the press and most importantly, the general public.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"What do companies owe? Besides the obvious answers of accounts payable and taxes and the like, an increasingly common observation being made among policymakers, the general public and even corporate circles is that companies of all types must also be responsive to the needs of the communities in which they compete in a process termed corporate social responsibility (CSR). According to one observer, "It is clear that society expects much more from companies than simply a well-made product or a reliable service at the right price. Society is becoming less and less tolerant of companies that fail to address their social responsibilities. As a result, corporate social responsibility has become a hot topic in boardrooms around the world" (Stigson, 2002, p. 24). Today, many analysts are recommending a more strategic approach to the corporate social responsibility function by using CSR as a source of innovation (Allen & Husted, 2006)."
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Environmental Challenges, 2007.
This paper discusses the issues of deforestation, water pollution and mining.
1,820 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the forests of Central and South America are being completely destroyed and causing countless environmental problems. The paper examines what is being done today to combat these effects and shows how efforts are not effective and need to be redirected. The paper concludes that exploiting the land and water to improve the immediate condition of the people is an essential concept of human progress and will likely prove a substantial obstacle for any who attempt to fight deforestation.
From the Paper
"The environmental challenge of deforestation is not a new phenomenon, though it has significantly increased in speed and intensity over the last half a century. (Williams, 2001, p. 30) Deforestation is a foundational environmental problem, which can depending on its severity bring many more environmental problems in its wake. The natural resource of trees has consistently been associated with the progress of the human race, as the wood provides a resource that is diverse and almost entirely free of waste, to help humans develop, build houses, plant crops, make paper and so forth. The problem then becomes how to balance the amount of wood and or land needed with the degradation created by removing it."
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Global Warming, 2007.
This paper explores the issue of global warming and the world's response to these problems.
2,559 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the causes of global warming and why there is a need for concern. The paper discusses the real evidence that humans are causing climate change. The paper examines China's contribution to climate change and addresses why the United States is so slow to deal with issues related to climate change.
Outline:
What is the Most Recent Science and Why Should Humans be Concerned?
What Evidence is there that Humans are causing Global Warming?
Other events contribute to the continuing dynamic of global warming
From the Paper
"Prior to addressing the issue of how global warming is caused - and the scientific evidence reported in this paper will prove that many of the causes that directly relate to global warming are man-made - it is important to present material that describes what is happening right now and what are scientists saying about the ultimate damage to the earth and its inhabitants that may be the result of climate change (note: "climate change" and "global warming" are interchangeable phrases and concepts in this paper)."
The very latest report from the scientific community about global warming comes from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a United Nations-sponsored network of 2,000 scientists from all over the world who have been studying the Earth's environment since 1988. The IPCC issued its latest findings - the second of a series of four climate change reports - from Brussels, Belgium, early in April, 2007 - and this report received a tremendous amount of attention in the media. The reason why this report received so much attention is that it is predicting that because of ongoing man-made conditions, global warming has now reached a point where there is not stopping it, and the harmful effects of global warming are already in evidence in numerous ways and many places on Earth."
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Brazil, 2007.
This paper discusses the film 'Brazil' by Terry Gilliam.
2,620 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that Terry Gilliam's 1985 black comedy 'Brazil' uses a bizarre, crowded, and largely dysfunctional urban environment of the future as a way of commenting on the urban environment of our time. The writer points out that the urban world shown in the film reflects a created culture that never existed but that still has familiar elements that would get a response from anyone today. The writer discusses that this film uses this city as a generic city, standing in for the modern city at a time of social unrest, terrorist activity, and the ascendancy of an authoritarian regime. In short, the writer maintains that many observers might see this film as more reflective of our time than when the film was made, though such a convergence would have to be largely accidental.
From the Paper
"In this view, the organic city has been overlaid with a created landscape, one shaped more by political forces and determined reformers of one stamp or another. In this view, these political forces pushed various populations deemed less important into some parts of the city while allowing and even encouraging white flight into suburban areas. In Los Angeles, the suburbs keep moving further from the city core, first into the Hollywood area and the San Fernando Valley, more recently into what is called Canyon Country to the north, as well as into outlying communities all around the city, such as Santa Monica, Culver City, Alhambra, and El Segundo, and others."
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The Republic of the Congo, 2007.
An overview of the make-up of the Republic of the Congo with particular emphasis on environmental issues that face the nation.
1,298 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Republic of the Congo. It gives a brief overview of the history, geography, resources, economics and population make-up of the Republic of Congo. It also describes how the poverty of the nation has led to significant social and political turmoil in the land. The paper then focuses on the environmental issues that face the nation.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Brief Overview
Population
Geography/Resources/Economy
Environmental Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Congo is experiencing numerous environmental issues. Some of these issues include water pollution caused by the dumping of raw sewage, air pollution, and non-potable tap water. All of these issues are of the utmost concern because of the impact they have on both the people of the Congo and the overall environment. However the most serious environmental issue facing The Republic of Congo is Deforestation."
"This deforestation is occurring in the Congo Basin. According to Tsoumou (2007) the Congo Basin is the second largest rain forest in the world. The Congo Basin is composed of nearly 30 percent of the world's entire vegetation, and it covers an area of 470 million acres (Tsoumou 2007). The Congo basin serves as the habitat for nearly 400 mammal species; this is inclusive of the world's largest populations of lowland chimpanzees, gorillas, and forest elephants (Tsoumou 2007)."
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Liquid Natural Gas Infrastructure Risks, 2007.
A risk assessment of liquefied natural gas facilities and the safety standards and technology associated with them.
8,834 words (approx. 35.3 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 185.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses safety and risk posed by liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities. It specifically focuses on the safety of these facilities in that they are highly visible and make easy targets for terrorist attacks. The paper also discusses the safety standards and technology associated with LNG, particularly following a catastrophic event in 1944 in Cleveland. It describes the environmental effects of a disaster, as well as symptoms of exposure in an LNG accident. The paper concludes with a long-term risk assessment of the future of LNG.
Table of Contents:
The Infrastructure
Risks Associated with Spills
Cold Hazards
Pool Fires
Vapor Clouds
"A Cleaner Alternative"
By-Products of Combustion
Symptoms of Exposure in an LNG Accident
A Matter of Scale and Scope
Long Term Environmental Impact
Disaster Planning and Modeling
Evacuation
Contamination Control
Improving LNG Accident Response
How Real is the Risk?
Potential Scenario from an LNG Explosion in Boston Harbor
The Future of LNG Risk Assessment
From the Paper
"Up until this point, only one real world scenario of an LNG accident existed and it was long ago before recent developments in technology and safety protocol. Other assessments, such as those made by FERC and industry professionals are largely theoretical. They leave too many variables to chance. To accurately assess the real dangers of LNG, there is a critical need for credible, scenario based research. This is the next phase in the research cycle concerning the safety of LNG. If we are to remove the issue from the political battleground, we need more research-based evidence. In the case of LNG, valid research can be difficult due to the nature of the material."
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Industrial Hygiene Report, 2007.
An industrial hygiene incident report concerning a spill from a chemical facility.
2,369 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper follows the sequence of events as recorded when Professional Services Laboratories responded to a hazardous incident a spill incident at a chemical facility. The spill that occurred involved methanol and was the result of an employee who did not follow recommended procedures in the transfer of the substance from one container to another.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Background
Applicable Standards
Survey Method and Strategy
Survey Findings
Conclusions/ Recommendations
From the Paper
"Before entering the area to clean up the spill, the emergency crew took LEL readings of the immediate area in accordance with established company protocols for such an incident. The LEL at that time was 4.2, therefore, the area was deemed safe for entry. Meter readings were taken continuously throughout the initial cleanup procedure as a precaution. Reported levels at 10 minutes after clean u p began were at 1.87. At 20 minutes the levels were at .64. At 30 minutes they were below the detection limit. After all sand was cleaned from the contaminated area and properly packaged for disposal at a Resource Conservation and Rcovery Act (RCRA) approved disposal site, no further LEL readings were deemed necessary. "
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US&R Taskforce Force-Protection, 2007.
This paper researches the security related issues revolving around the urban search and rescue teams during emergency deployments such as hurricanes and earthquakes.
6,475 words (approx. 25.9 pages), 134 sources, MLA, $ 149.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the deficiencies in 'task-force force protection' (TF-FP) for the Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) division of FEMA(Federal Emergency Management Agency). The paper discusses the study that reveals that the task-force force protection deployed during disasters and crisis has been severely lacking in protection for the Urban Search and Rescue division. The paper explains how this has led to serious problems and examines the recommendations offered in the study.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Questions of the Research
Background of the Problem
Determinations of the Audit of the US&R Response System (2006)
Recommendations of the Audit of the US&R Response System (2006)
Scope of Task-Force Force-Protection Duties
Assessing the Problem
Expertise Necessary Identified
Phoenix Arizona Model
Discussion
Recommendations of the Study
From the Paper
"The Audit of the National Urban Search and Rescue Response System (2006) report relates that: "Six of the seven task forces fell below 50 percent of the US&R System standards for operational readiness established by FEMA." Operational readiness was defined by FEMA as "the availability of a rostered complement of completely trained, exercised, qualified personnel and disaster search canines ready to deploy." A full complement for a task force roster is inclusive of: "210 members with 19 different specialties and 12 canines." (Audit of the National Urban Search and Rescue Response System, 2006) Specific deficiencies were stated to be that the task forces did not conduct exercise or either did not require team members of an adequate number for participation."
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Infill Development and Transportation, 2007.
This paper explores the impact of infill development on urban and regional transportation networks.
2,415 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that urban infill frequently requires after-the-fact adjustments to connect new development with existing transportation networks. The paper discusses the debates regarding whether to infill or not. The paper shows how urban infill development affects transportation networks in as many different ways as it is possible to re-develop older urban areas and reveals that perhaps the strongest argument in favor of urban infill is an ecological one. The paper concludes that urban infill can positively affect transportation networks only if it is conducted in such a way that peoples lifestyles are modified from the American suburban "ideal."
Outline:
Introduction
Main Themes and Debates
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Successful urban regions depend on proper land use and the mutual accessibility of local communities and resources. Efficient transportation networks provide interconnectivity. Varied styles of development meet different needs and demand different transport solutions. Suburban tract houses and corporate office parks require methods of travel that can cover fairly large distances in short periods of time. High density urban residential and commercial districts necessitate systems that meet both local and regional needs, offering a mix of low-speed general access, and high-speed restricted access routes. In all areas, transportation can be either private or public. Networks that depend on private vehicles require miles of superhighways and elaborate webs of expensive-to-maintain local streets."
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Hurricane Katrina, 2007.
An overview of the government relief initiative after Hurricane Katrina.
808 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Hurricane Katrina was the most financially devastating and deadliest hurricane in the history of the United States. In particular, it looks at how the nature of this natural disaster brought about one of the most complex and controversial disaster relief efforts in history and how the government spent billions in relief and organizations from local, state, and federal levels worked in unison with NGOs to attempt the recovery and help of Katrina victims.
From the Paper
"Katrina victims can be loosely defined as any individual who suffered physical, financial and emotional harm from direct, storm related causes. Katrina victims range far and wide, although the majority of the focus are upon those in New Orleans, many victims also were evacuated from South Florida and Mississippi. The victims of Katrina receive strong attention on the national level for several reasons, one of the primary reasons being the disparity between racial dynamics in those victimized by the storm. The majority of victims appear to be poor minorities, especially those residing within inner city New Orleans. The racial disparity among Katrina victims was strongly noted by media commentators within the Superdome. "
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The Effects of Overpopulation, 2007.
This paper studies the effects of overpopulation in the United States.
1,063 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
Overpopulation has been a highly contested topic for centuries. Varied opinions are voiced such as, when there is overpopulation, natural resources are depleted as a result of the need to sustain the rapid growth. Still others opine that it is not as much as overpopulation but population density relative to the availability of resources. The writer discusses that it is not much really a question of overpopulation but rather population density vs. available resources and population vs. consumption of resources. The United States government, as the remaining superpower, should lead the fight against the negative effects of overpopulation. The writer concludes that the U.S. should curtail its super consumer culture and temper exploitation of natural resources by providing means of replenishing what was taken from nature.
From the Paper
"Whatever arguments there are on overpopulation, humans should be cognizant of the fact that population density should not be always the primary blamed factor but rather the actions done relative to population growth. Humans cannot simply lord over any and all resources without thinking that these are finite entities that need processes or plans to replenish. Emerging countries industrialization is not paying attention to environmental issues because of the feeding demands of their ever-growing populations. Misuse or depletion of the Earth's treasures to meet those needs, for example unsustainable logging, poor farming practices, and overfishing, threatens human life and health around the world. If these trends continue, humans might find each other fighting over basic resources such as food and water - and probably continue blaming overpopulation instead of the manner by which resources have been abused."
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