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Israel and the Security Fence, 2005.
This in-depth paper analyzes Israel's security policies as well as the ongoing controversial debate regarding the building of the security fence which would separate Israel from the Palestinians.
4,052 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 22 sources, APA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper examines the ongoing conflict between Israel and the Palestinians, while focusing on the various events that led to the decision to construct a security wall that would separate the two nations. This paper discusses Israel's implementation of "Operation Defensive Wall", which came about in 2002 in response to a suicide bombing in which 28 Israelis were killed by Palestinian terrorists that infiltrated Israel's borders. This in-depth paper analyzes Israel's history from its birth as a state in 1948 to the present as well as the country's continuous battle to survive amidst hostile Arab neighbors such as Syria. The writer of this paper contends that there are various options to maintaining a lasting peace between Israel and the Palestinians which do not include the security fence. One option would be to offer financial incentives to the Palestinians while another would be for Israel to withdraw to the pre-1967 borders. This paper discusses the pros and cons involved in Israel returning occupied land to the Palestinians in hopes for peace and lasting security.
From the Paper
"Since the end of formal hostilities in 1973, the attacks on Israel from its hostile neighbors have been replaced by shadowy groups that rely more on terror tactics than infantry and tanks. First the PLO, which led to Israel's invasion of Southern Lebenon in 1982 and subsequently Hizbollah, which was formed in 1983, and Hamas in 1988. Both of these groups had, as their stated intention, the murder of every Jew and the destruction of the state of Israel and its allies. It was after twenty years of these terrorist tactics, and the lives of hundreds of innocent Israelis, that Israel began to consider building a fence around its borders. It would be almost another ten years before it finally implemented this tactic. Israel's decision to build a wall separating itself from external threats has become a controversial one. Seen within Israel as the best chance to reduce or eliminate terrorism, and solidify the border between the Jewish state and the Palestinian state, it is viewed by much of the outside world as a symbol of oppression."
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Female Genital Mutilation, 2006.
This paper analyzes the highly debated and controversial issue of female genital mutilation which has become a growing problem in the U.S., Canada and Europe.
1,264 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the deeply rooted traditional practice of female genital mutilation and the dangerous health risks and lifelong medical consequences which often result in women and young girls who undergo this procedure. This paper details the surgical procedure involved in removing parts of the female genitalia which varies, depending on tradition and culture. This paper delves into the various religions and cultures which encourage this procedure. This paper analyzes the cultural aspect of female genital mutilation from the point of view of women who view the procedure as something positive they are doing "for" their daughters and not "to" them. The writer contends and discusses the fact that although Muslims claim female genital mutilation is commanded in Islam there is in fact no specific support for this claim in the Koran.
From the Paper
"Many religious and cultural issues foster female genital mutilation, and although some proponents of the practice claim that it is required by Islam, there is no specific support for this claim in the Koran. From a cultural perspective, women view the procedure as something they do "for' their daughters instead of 'to" them, as a means of securing their economic and social future through marriage. The genital scar provides proof for the prospective husband that this woman has been trained in moral and practical responsibilities and has maintained her virginity. The procedure is carried out at various ages, ranging from birth to during the first pregnancy, however, it is most commonly performed between the ages of four and eight."
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Excessive Use of Police Force, 2006.
This paper analyzes the issue of police brutality while also discussing the role of the media in depicting cases of unwarranted excessive force on the part of law enforcement officers.
1,131 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the use of excessive police force primarily among minorities. This paper discusses the various reasons excessive force not only occurs but continues to grow at an alarming rate. This paper contains data and statistics relevant to this particular topic. This paper discusses the issue of police brutality from the point of view of law enforcement officers who insist that excessive force is used in less than 1% of contacts with civilians and suspects. This paper also delves into this issue from the point of view of African-Americans who contend that police brutality is significantly higher than the claims made by law enforcement officers. The writer analyzes the systematic biases that are present when debating this controversial topic. This paper discusses the fact that officers are rarely convicted for improper use of violence which indirectly contributes to this growing problem. This paper examines the role of the media in depicting police brutality while also detailing the case of Tyisha Miller, a young black woman killed by police in California.
Table of Contents:
A National Pattern
Systemic Bias
Media Ownership
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Many members of various minority groups feel that they are unfairly targeted, especially with regard to the use of excessive force and the differences that white and black residents ascribe to these incidents. In many cases, such as the cases of Wilson and Oregon, the incidents are sparked by non-violent offenses. In addition to fatal shootings, many police officers are also resorting to the use of TASER or stun guns, in situations which were previously resolved without the use of force. Statistics from the Orange County Sheriff's Office in Florida, for example, show a stunning increase in the use of TASERS. In 2000, there were only three reported uses of TASER guns. a mere two years later, that figure jumped to 295."
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America as a Multinational Society, 2006.
An explanation of the difference between a multinational society and a multi-ethnic society and why this difference is significant to the United States.
3,186 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the U.S., rather than being a multinational society, is a multi-ethnic and multicultural society. The paper further explains that the multi-ethnic characteristic of the United States that has long been a source of strength for America is also a source of many of the problems the country faces today. The paper goes on to elaborate on the problems that excessive multiculturalism is creating for the U.S. and concludes that, while the U.S. should continue to be a haven for those seeking a better life, the country must also make greater efforts to assimilate new arrivals into the mainstream of educational and employment opportunities, as failure to do so may result in incalculable damage to the very foundation of the nation.
From the Paper
"A multinational society is a society in which the population consists of two or more ethnically distinct nations that are of significant size. This contrasts with a nation-state where a single nation comprises the bulk of the population. Some examples of multinational societies include: Belgium, Canada, India, Indonesia, South Africa and Switzerland. Multinational states differ from states like Japan, Poland or the Koreas in which an overwhelming majority of the population is ethnically homogenous. Multiethnic societies, in contrast to nationalistic societies, integrate different ethnic groups irrespective of differences in culture, race, and history under a common social identity larger than one "nation" in the conventional sense."
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Orientalist Art Market, 2005.
This paper analyzes the impact of the September 11th terror attacks on the art industry while focusing primarily on the genre of Orientalist art.
2,307 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper centers on the fields of Far East and Near East art also known as Orientalist art. This paper presents figures and facts pertaining to the genre of Orientalist art from the auction houses of Christie' and Sotheby's as well as others. This well-researched paper discusses the general status of the art industry, while also delving into current trends. This paper examines how the 9/11 terror attacks caused sales and prices in the art industry to drastically fall around the world. This paper discusses the published reports that claim that even prior to 9/11 the art market was showing signs of slowing down. This paper contains published statistics and data pertinent to the art market in general while also presenting 6 illustrated charts and graphs relevant to this particular topic.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
General Art Market Analysis
Orientalist Art Market Analysis
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Luckily, the art market was able to rebound quite quickly, despite challenges in other sectors. "After the tragedy of September 11th, the art market has consistently trumped the performance of sluggish equities markets" ("Art investment", 2003). For this reason, the art market, in general, has seen a resurgence, despite the downturn attributed to September 11th. However, not all is smooth sailing for the industry. This was evidenced just prior to perhaps one of the largest events in the art market history was the sale of artwork collected by the late Malcolm Forbes. Forbes was an obsessive collector. From Faberge eggs to Orientalist paintings, Forbes collection grew for more than three decades. 361 pieces of art, from this lifetime of collecting went under the hammer at Christie's in London, in 2003."
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The American Melting Pot, 2005.
This paper discusses the concept of race and the races that make up the American melting pot.
825 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that all people look different, but every human is created equal; no one can judge if a person is superior over another by appearance alone. The author points out that people who want to immigrate to America often dream the American dream that America would offer opportunities for all to obtain a better life if these individuals compete and show off their abilities in America; however, the first Africans came to America because of forced labor and slavery. The paper concludes that race is based on genetic, cultural, social and historical facts; individuals must come to understand other races, cultures and customs.
From the Paper
"There is a term that is made by sociologists in America; the Melting Pot. For example, people can boil a soup in a big pot, which needs various items such as carrots, onions, tomatoes, beef, and so on. When it boils all together, the items combine and make a new flavor. Each material has an inherent flavor but it takes on a new flavor by mixing with other materials in the pot. At this point, the pot represents America, and various items mean different races."
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Film: "Lone Star", 2005.
This paper discusses the film "Lone Star", directed and written by John Sayle (1996), a story about the Texas-Mexico border and its people.
935 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the film "Lone Star", the town of Frontera is inhabited by people from different races includes Mexicans, Mexican-Americans and Native Americans. The author points out that, because of the different races there are a lot of misunderstandings and uneasy relationships perhaps caused by the differences in the peoples' culture thus the diverse races and cultures became the border within Frontera's community. The paper suggests that history can create a burden depending on how the people create things out of what happened in the past. Several long quotations.
From the Paper
"The pictures that John Sayle had drawn in the Lone Star, showing how the peoples' lives, culture, and racial differences, had demonstrated how the people were compelled to live in a troubled community. This was particularly shown in the character of Charley Wade, who was described as a racist and unfair sheriff. However, despite of the racial differences, Tomas Sandoval indicated how the story had also shown that the borders were not barriers between people, but it was the people and from the history, that they live with them that creates barriers between themselves."
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Islam in Africa, 2005.
This paper discusses the history and present situation of Islam in Africa.
1,750 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the gradual spread of Islam in Africa was based on the various cross-cultural contacts with Moslem traders; however, a significant number of Africans did not become Moslem until well into the 20th century, which often was based on practical matters and not theology. The author points out that, although the idea of Islam and state government being separate is the opposite of what the religion teaches, often there is separation, to one extent or another, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where the many tribal alliances, such as the Hausa, are at least as important as religion. The paper relates that often the problem between Moslem and Christians, as in the case of Nigeria, is that borders between countries were often drawn by European colonists without regard for the local people thus both tribes and religions cross state lines resulting in a complex web of alliances.
Table of Contents
Introduction: Islamic Law
History of Islam in Africa
Islam in Present-Day Africa
From the Paper
"The Hausa of both Niger and Nigeria practiced this custom. However, while Western countries originally divided the Hausa, now it is Shari'a that has divided the group, because the regional government ruling the Hausa in Nigeria has declared that the elaborate practices surrounding praise-singing violate Shari'a. Praise-singing is now a crime in that part of Nigeria. While the Hausa on both sides of the border are Muslim, the two governments - Niger, and the regional government of northern Nigeria - have interpreted Shari'a differently, causing a divide between the once united Hausa."
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Armenian-Americans, 2005.
This paper discusses the history and culture of Armenian-Americans.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 60 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, of the more than 500,000 Armenians in the U.S., Canada and Mexico, 400,000 Armenian-Americans live in Los Angeles, the largest contingent outside of Armenia itself. The author relates that, although they are considered a Middle Eastern people, Armenians are overwhelmingly Christian, both in their home country and in America, with its church related to the Oriental Orthodox Church, but separate. The paper relates that the Armenian-Americans were well positioned to survive the 1992 Los Angeles race riots because, although these merchants' original Armenian clientele had moved out to the suburbs, the merchants had treated their multi-racial new customers justly; those customers helped in patrolling to keep the Armenian shops from harm.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Long History of Ill Treatment Causes Migration
Current Characterization of Armenian Ethnicity in the United States
Conclusion
From the Paper
"While most immigrants from the Middle Eastern nations had not been classified as "white," Armenians were. "This was accomplished despite the fact that other West and South Asian groups, such as Cypriots, Iranians, Syrians, and Indians were at various times legally excluded from the category 'white' even when they, like Armenians, could claim to be 'Caucasian' or appeared white." This has allowed Armenians to choose their attitudes concerning the indigenous racial problems they find in the United States. Armenians would 'readily amalgamate with the European and white races'; in other words, they could be counted upon to blend in, to melt into the pot."
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The Goals of Oxfam International, 2006.
This paper examines the goals and accomplishments of Oxfam International, an independent non-government organization, dedicated to fighting poverty and related injustices around the world.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper details the history and organizational structure of Oxfam International, founded in 1995 by a group of independent non-government organizations that banded together to achieve a greater impact in reducing poverty through their collective efforts. This paper delves into Oxfam's rebuilding efforts in Asia, after the 2005 tsunami disaster, in which the organization raised over $200 million, to provide long term relief to the affected countries. This paper details the efforts and accomplishments of Oxfam International in Nigeria, where the organization has made tremendous progress in the region, fighting slavery and discrimination. This paper discusses Oxfam's work in war-torn Sudan, where they have been helping more than 700,000 individuals in Darfur and Chad. This paper examines Oxfam's Make Trade Fair project, which calls on governments, institutions and multinational companies around the world to come together and form new trade practices, in order to combat global poverty. This paper also details the four main goals of non-governmental organizations, such as Oxfam, which include, setting agendas and negotiating outcomes, by means of research and lobbying in humanitarian and emergency situations.
Table of Contents:
Mission Statement
Organizational Structure
Recent Projects
Rebuilding After the Tsunami
Fighting Slavery and Discrimination in Nigeria
Sudan Crisis
Make Trade Fair
Four Roles of NGOs
Media Reports
Analysis
From the Paper
"Since the massive earthquake and tsunami disaster in Asia, Oxfam's humanitarian and reconstruction efforts through its 12 Oxfams around the world jointly raised approximately $200 million and now put to use in providing mid-and long-term relief in the affected countries and in helping the people is these countries rebuild their lives. The funding is to provide immediate water and sanitation, food and shelter in those regions affected by the tsunami. Oxfam continues to build temporary shelters, install water tanks, and provide emergency supplies like hygiene kits. Oxfam does this in collaboration with the governments of those countries, other non-governmental organizations and partners."
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Fostering Cultural Diversity in Public School, 2006.
This paper analyzes the various methods and strategies for implementing and fostering a harmonious and multicultural curriculum in public school settings.
1,422 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the cause and effect of racial and ethnic divisions, among various minority groups in the U.S., which have manifested in a wide variety of contexts, many of them violent. This paper explores the various initiatives taken up by parents, teachers and administrators across America, designed to facilitate and support cultural diversity in the public school system, while at the same time decreasing the levels of ethnic conflicts. The writer contends and explains why the previous approaches, geared towards educating America's youth about other cultures, were inadequate to meet the needs of a multicultural society, competing in a globalized marketplace. The writer of this paper presents a five-stage lesson plan, designed to effectively enrich and encourage multicultural educational opportunities in America's public school system. This paper also presents and cites published research and data relevant to this specific topic.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background and Overview
Rationale
Alternatives to Resolution
Detailed Lesson Plan to Promote Cultural Harmony
Summary and Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"According to Ihator, the increasingly globalized nature of the business world has created the need to be able to identify, study and understand the worldviews, mindsets, and habits of global publics in order to effectively communicate. In this regard, "Communication styles and meaning, as well as realities, as perceived by individuals are culturally induced," he says. Students are going to require a sufficient amount of knowledge about the languages and cultures of other countries in order to effectively communicate with members of those societies; in fact, even in countries where English is spoken, the pattern and meaning of the English language may be different because of the cultural influence. As a result, fluency in language alone may be insufficient to community effectively with people in other countries; to accomplish effective communications, this expertise must be combined with the knowledge of the culture of the native speakers."
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Is Islam Compatible with Democracy?, 2006.
This paper analyzes the contradictions that exist between democracy and the practice of Islam.
862 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the views of various researchers that contend that Islam has an inclination for authoritarianism and that Muslim nations have lower a chance of embracing democracy, regardless of economic developments. This paper also presents the views of academics who declare that Islam is a belief system which espouses an ideology of equality, tolerance and righteousness and cannot be branded as against democracy. The writer of this paper explores the correlation between Islam and democracy while discussing the fact that most Muslims think that democracy is an alien theory thrust upon them by the western world. This brief yet concise paper examines the political climate in several Muslim countries, including Iran and Turkey.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Objectives
Research Methodology
Tentative Chapters
Summary
Bibliography
From the Paper
"In Iran, winning the election by President Mohammad Khatami and his reformist partners motivated a new generation but has not yet destabilized the clerical organization's power. On the other hand, in Turkey a party with Islamic moorings is shifting a dishonored system away from decades of disagreement and immobility, after a major election triumph in the year 2002. Turkey's practice underlies the vital role of political Islam as a force for transformation. The experience with Turkey shows the fact that several Muslims, regardless of their habitation in officially secular or officially Islamic countries, witness democracy as their foremost expectation and means of efficient political involvement. Expanding on current research, this doctoral study seeks to examine the whether democracy is compatible in the Islamic world."
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