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Maltreatment of Children, 2008.
This paper looks at how the definition of child, along with the concepts of child maltreatment, have evolved over time within society.
3,680 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the conception of what constitutes maltreatment of children. Specifically, this paper establishes the view that the whole concept of what constitutes a designation of being a "child" has changed over time, like many other societal definitions. According to the author, the designation of a child as a vulnerable member of society that requires special protection by parents and others is in fact a relatively new concept, and this is especially true of the social designation of adolescence. This paper takes a look at child maltreatment as a concept that has evolved over time, especially with regards to the definitions in a legal sense and the afforded interventions that are offered to society as a whole when these new definitions are breeched. Furthermore, this paper asserts that just like any other recently designated social problem, the phenomena of child maltreatment, though it has existed for all of human history, has taken a significant amount of time to be defined in the manner it is today.
From the Paper
"Sadly, due to the nature of the limited communication skills of children and the desire of many abusers to deny events occurrences social workers are often engaged in resolving behavioral and social problems that occur as a result months or even years of maltreatment or single events that are so traumatic for the child that they relive them continually in thought and seek alternative behaviors to alleviate or even signal the need for intervention. Childhood trauma is a perceptual situation, and all trauma either intentional or unintentional, say as a result of witnessing unrelated acts of violence can effect all children in a different way, from not much at all to fundamentally and long lasting posttraumatic stress which can involve nightmares, behavioral problems, educational problems or even serious social concerns."
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Greek Studies, 2008.
This paper looks at Greek history, focusing on Aristotle's view of Spartan women.
1,220 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of Greek history. Specifically, the writer discusses the view Aristotle has of Spartan women and looks at how this view compares with other sources on the women of Sparta. The writer points out that Aristotle's view of Spartan women was less than complementary, but this differs from most other sources on Greek history. The writer maintains that Aristotle may have been prejudiced against women, leading to his canted views on Spartan women and their accomplishments.
From the Paper
"Aristotle, one of the most illustrious Greek philosophers, believed, as many Greeks did, that women and education did not mix. In Athens (Aristotle's home), women were educated in the arts, such as spinning, weaving, and many other domestic activities. They were not educated in science and mathematics, as young men were, and there were many other differences, as well. In Sparta, the domestic tasks such as spinning were seen as work for the serfs or lower classes, while Spartan women were educated on the same level as the men. In fact, women also had to excel in athletics and warrior skills as they mastered their education in Sparta, while women in Athens not only were not fully educated, they could not participate in athletics, and could not own property or serve in the political arena, as well."
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John Shelby Spong: His Life and Ministry, 2008.
A discussion of Newark Episcopal Bishop John Shelby Spong's ministry and liberal social views.
2,455 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses how the life and ministry of the Newark Episcopal bishop John Shelby Spong stand in stark contrast to the assumption that religious faith and a lack of tolerance have come to be seen as synonymous. The paper holds that Spong has stood in defiance of more conventional interpreters of his church's doctrines from both a theological and social standpoint. He has remained a proud advocate for liberal interpretations of the nature of Jesus. He has shown tolerance of homosexuality and feminism. Rather than defend his Episcopalian faith in absolute terms, Spong has proclaimed the need for openness and plurality and has made ecumenical beliefs the core of his ministry. The paper concludes that, although he remains widely controversial, the good he has done over the course of his life cannot be denied, in his pursuit of truth and justice.
From the Paper
"Whenever he believes the American government is being repressive, Spong has asserted that it is absurd to protect freedom by limiting freedom. All true faith derives from the human ability to choose, freely and openly, one's faith and convictions. To have faith means not to deny the rights of others, but to welcome discussion and dialogue. This spirit of openness is embodied in Spong's life, even in his appearance. To better relate to the people he served in the Diocese of Newark, Spong seldom wore a miter. Representing the authority of the church given to him by wearing the robes of his office was less important than teaching the truth in the most immediate and accessible way possible."
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Monopoly, 2008.
A look at the background and development of Monopoly, the nation's most popular board game.
2,196 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the game Monopoly is modeled on Atlantic City and is based on the spirit of capitalism that helped create the city. The paper also discusses the game "The Landlord's Game" by Lizzie Magie that inspired the creation of Monopoly. In addition, the paper discusses the disputes over the ownership of Monopoly and the factors that contributed to its eventual success.
From the Paper
"To understand the game Monopoly, one must first understand how Atlantic City came in to existence, since the game is modeled on Atlantic City and is based on the spirit of capitalism that helped create the city. Atlantic City was created as a destination city by Richard Osborne, using a plan created by Jonathan Pitney. The streets were to "be named after the nation's thirty-one states and its north-south avenues for oceans and seas, to envision the entire globe." (Orbanes, p.xvi). The most remarkable part about the scheme was that Atlantic City was created entirely as a resort destination; nothing existed there prior to it being offered up to investors as a resort. Despite that, Osborne managed to get thirty-eight subscribers to purchase 10,000 shares of stock in his railroad company, and Atlantic City was born. (Orbanes, p.xvi)."
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Inculturation of Roman Rite, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of funeral rites concentrating on Roman rites.
4,616 words (approx. 18.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores the Roman funeral rite and the ability of the Romans to successfully inculturate elements of this ritual into the other cultures that they touched. The writer supports the thesis that the successful inculturation of funeral rites into mainstream society is a result of the willingness to adapt the ritual to include elements of the culture that they wished to acquire, rather than getting them to submit by sheer brute force. The new funeral rite then represents a perfect blend of two cultures.
Outline:
Understanding Inculturation
Roman Funeral Rites Past and Present
Inculturation of Roman Funerary Rites
The Jewish Funerary Liturgy
Developing a Plan for Inculturation
On Liturgy and Faith
Inculturation Methodology
From the Paper
"As the pagan practices of the Roman Empire became entangled, and later replaced by Christianity, many of the pagan practices became obsolete. In some cases, they were no longer allowed, particularly those that honored pagan gods. However, as the Roman religion transformed into the Roman Catholic Church, many elements of the old funeral rites survived. The survival of these elements demonstrates a high degree of inculturation of the old Roman practices. The modern Catholic funerary service still maintains the basic structure of the old Roman ceremony.
"The modern Roman Catholic Church requires that burial rites contain three distinct lithurgical sections. A funeral must contain all three sections."
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Women in Ancient Athens, 2008.
This paper considers the theories of Frederick Engels regarding the position of women in ancient Athens.
1,216 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the limited rights of women in archaic Athens regarding ownership of property. The paper looks at Frederick Engels belief that women's oppression was an unnatural consequence of property relations and was essential for the survival and the privileges of men. The paper therefore shows how Engels' theory on the oppression of women confirms the formal and legal position of women in archaic and classical Athens.
From the Paper
"Law in ancient Athens forbade a woman from engaging in business transactions with money value in excess of five or six days' food for her family (Thompson 2005). Buying anything beyond that required the approval of a male guardian. Ownership of property was likewise complicated and frustrating to her. She might have owned and used a slave, clothing, furniture and jewelry every day but she could not sell or give any of them. She might have claim over land but had no right either to use or sell it. Her rights over property did not mean or include ownership (Thompson)."
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John 6: A Review and Discussion, 2008.
This paper is a literature review concerning the testimonies of John the Baptist in the fourth Gospel as an influential history of Christian theology. Specifically the paper looks at Chapter 6 within the Book of Signs.
19,130 words (approx. 76.5 pages), 41 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
The New Testament contains many witnesses to Jesus Christ, but the testimonies of John in the Fourth Gospel have been among the most influential in the history of Christian theology. In the more than eighteen centuries since its compilation, the Fourth Gospel has been the source of intense interest on the part of those who would better understand how the followers of Jesus came to believe that he was the true Son of God and how and why Jesus accomplished his mission on earth. This study provides a review of the peer-reviewed and scholarly literature concerning the gospel of John, including a survey of the academic literature on the subject since 1948, a description of emerging themes and an assessment of how John 6 is situated within the Gospel. A discussion of Chapter 6 within the Book of Signs and the literary structure of John 6 is followed by a structural analysis of John 6 as a general unit and an analysis of John 6:69 in particular. Finally, a discussion of the context of John 6:69 within the Bread of Life Discourse is followed by a grammatical analysis, a colometric presentation and an interpretation of John 6:69 in the concluding chapter.
Outline:
"The Holy One of God" (John 6:69)
A Survey of the Academic Literature since 1948
Emerging Themes
Situating John 6 within the Gospel
Chapter 6 within the Book of Signs
Literary Structure of John 6
Structural Analysis of John 6 as a Unit
Analysis of John 6:69
John 6:69 Context within the Bread of Life Discourse
John 6:69 Grammatical Analysis Colometric Presentation and Interpretation
From the Paper
"Conversely, those who believe in Jesus believe in the one who sent him (12:44). The christological claim of the Fourth Gospel, then, has become so identified with its theological claim that it is no longer possible to speak of Jesus apart from the one who sent him, and it is no longer possible to speak of God apart from the Son whom the Father sent into the world. In a footnote, Matera also notes that, "This establishment of Jesus as Son of God does not mean that he became the Son of God at the Resurrection. Rather, it signifies his messianic enthronement as the Son of God, as the phrase en dynamei ("in power") indicates. Previous to his resurrection, Jesus was, as the Markan Gospel insists, the hidden Messiah. But once raised from the dead, he is enthroned as God's royal Messiah, the Son of God, so that who he was is now apparent."
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| Term Paper # 106420 |
temporarily unavailable
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Cultural Evolution vs. Biological Evolution, 2008.
A comparison and contrast over cultural evolution with biological evolution.
1,583 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the concept of cultural evolution and compares and contrasts cultural evolution with biological evolution. The paper discusses the effect of the historical or cultural environment on the development of cultural evolution and looks at the study of cultural anthropology and the various opinions that exist on the ability for evolution of culture to occur at all.
From the Paper
"The social sciences must take into consideration cultural perceptions, even if these perceptions are biologically in error. The human race has far more in common with one another than it has differences, but culturally individuals have perceived and classified other individuals according to 'races,' including Darwin himself in some of his less enlightened moments. Cultural evolution and anthropology aims to understand how these perceptions have affected human culture, but biological evolution merely takes note of this factual error. Obviously, the biological fiction of race, and the fact that an apparently Caucasian individual can have the genetic material of someone who is African, even if these traits are not dominant in his or her physical configuration, acts as a profound question to the assumptions of our culture. The limits of our own culture challenge the idea that there is a linear, positive progress to cultural evolution of ideas and practices (such as industrialization making the world less habitable). The insight biological evolution provides about race shows that there can be fruitful methodological dialogue between cultural and biological evolutionists, but the two approaches will never study the same discipline, nor can the use the same methods. The biological question: 'Are there races within the human species' is a different question than the cultural query: 'why do cultures continue to subscribe to the divisive idea that there are innate differences between different groups of the human species?""
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| Term Paper # 106385 |
temporarily unavailable
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Unfinished Nation, 2008.
An overview of the reasons for the outbreak of the American Civil War.
1,070 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses various elements that ultimately led to the outbreak of the American Civil War. The author explains that the division between the East and West was as important as the North-South divide, as it helped form the foundations of the country today.
From the Paper
"Certainly, the division between North and South was an important aspect of American history, which ultimately led to the American Civil War. However, the division between East and West is almost as important, because it lasted so long, and because it helped form the foundations of the country we live and work in today. It also had origins in racism, but the racism against Native Americans instead of African-Americans. The tensions of Bacon's Rebellion in the 17th century that defined the spheres of white and native influence were never really settled, and whites continued to push Natives off their lands as they moved west. This is one of the most important aspects of this East/West divide, and indicates just how far back in history this divide has existed. Violence between whites and Natives was a constant theme, and at least some people believe it was at least partially responsible for the U.S.'s entrance into the War of 1812. Natives tended to look at the British as protectors, and the British in Canada supported these ties and the Natives' fight against Americans heading westward."
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"The Epic of Gilgamesh" and "Genesis", 2008.
A comparative analysis of the flood myth in two ancient writings, "The Epic of Gilgamesh" and "Genesis".
1,015 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the differences and similarities between "The Epic of Gilgamesh", one of the oldest recorded writings from Sumerian or Babylonian mythology, with "Genesis" from the Judeo-Christian Bible. The paper argues that one of the main differences between the epic and "Genesis", is the Babylonian view that the gods are dangerous for mortals, and that their laws are irrational and cannot be predicted by the human mind. For Judaism and Christianity, on the other hand, God is the bearer of righteousness and a symbol of justice and everything that is morally virtuous. Nonetheless, the paper holds that there is a striking resemblance between the two accounts. The paper attempts to provide evidence sustaining the claim that the Mesopotamian account of the great flood is highly relevant to Christianity. It concludes that the myth of the flood is valid and incorporated in Judaism and Christianity and also in the collective conscience of the peoples who did not follow Yahweh.
From the Paper
"The Judaic-Christian and the Mesopotamian systems of belief are in clear opposition. Christianity and Judaism praise respect and obedience for the divinity as evidence of God's greatness and moral righteousness. God is the central figure of the faith system because He represents all that is good and right thus humanity must obey Him; here obedience is understood as a definite obligation. On the other hand, for Mesopotamians, respect and piety are the result of humanity's acknowledgement that it is both mortal and weaker than the gods. In this sense, the two virtues are not moral obligations, but a practical attitude which serves as an acknowledgement of the superiority of nature in terms of its power over humans."
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