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Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson, 2008.
Looks at former first lady Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson's contribution to the environment.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson, the wife of President Lyndon Johnson, during and after her husband's time in the White House, was involved with several environmental initiatives, which continue to make an impact decades later. The paper describes Lady Bird's efforts to make cities and highways throughout the U.S. more beautiful and relates that Lady Bird promoted legislation to protect the environment, although today not all laws remain in place. The writer also states that, as other first ladies, Lady Bird Johnson also knew that her place was to support her husband on his own personal issues.
Outline:
Introduction
Each First Lady Had Something of Her Own on which to Work, be in Healthcare, the Arts or Social Services
Lady Bird Johnson, Wife of Lyndon, Had Her Own Personal Issue
As Other First Ladies, She Will Always be Remembered for her Impact
Environment, the One Word to Sum up Lady Bird's Contribution
Quote: "Ugliness is so Grim..."
Beauty without and within People is her Legacy
Scenic America Considers Her its Spiritual Godmother and Inspiration
History behind Beautification Legislation
Bird Started the Committee for a More Beautiful Campaign Due to Run-Down and Decrepit Conditions in Washington, D.C.
Effort Grew from Cross City, to Neighborhood to Neighborhood to Across the U.S.
Her Committee Planted Trees and Flowers at Major Landmarks, and They Still Remain Today
As Momentum Increased, Wildflowers Began Replacing Ugly Billboards across the Country, and the Media Followed Her Ongoing Clean-Up Act
Despite Cynicism about Big Industry and Loop Holes, Legislation was Passed
Further Environmental Movements
She Pushed Hard from the Wilderness Act of 1964, Land, the Wild and Scenic Rivers Program and Expansion of National Parks
Made Littering A Public Acknowledged Problem and Led to Increase in Anti-Pollution Culture in 1970s
In 1982, National Wildlife Research Center
Grand Canyon and National Concerns
Problems Reappeared, as with any Legislation
Some states have Reneged on Billboard Usage; Others Continue the Fight
Still Better Than Situation Would Have Been
Conclusion--Why She Did It. Quotes.
From the Paper
"Unfortunately, as with many laws, the Highway Beautification legislation was not tight enough to keep the large concerns from moving through the loop holes, and the small concerns, as those along Route 66, to suffer the consequence. Time went on, and the number of billboards continued to grow. Today, the billboard blight is worse in some states than others and environmental groups actively work together to keep additional laws from making matters worse."
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The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire, 2008.
Compares the historically recorded characteristics of the Han Dynasty with the Roman Empire.
965 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Han Dynasty (202 BC to 220 AD) in the east and the Roman Empire (27 BC to 5th century AD ) in the west were two of the most powerful empires that ruled over vast sections of the world population in the ancient times. The author points out that, although the two civilizations were a considerable distance from each other and had little interaction, there were many similarities in their culture. The paper describes the hierarchical stratification, the differing treatment of slaves, the gender roles and the modern legacy of each society.
From the Paper
"The Chinese women of the Han period also played a secondary role in the political, social and cultural lives as compared to men. However, in the Chinese society of the period the importance of the role of the women in a family especially that of a mother and a mother-in-law was duly recognized. For example, the head of the family, who wielded unquestioned power over the family, could be a woman if she was the oldest living member."
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Women and the Gold Rush, 2008.
This paper looks at the role of women during the California Gold Rush.
2,047 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that all of the events of westward expansion and manifest destiny are very important, but the most significant event which caused westward expansion in the late 1840s was the California Gold Rush. The writer focuses on the women that were involved in the gold rush and what their actual roles were. The writer notes that this is very important because most people do not realize how women like Louise Amelia Clappe and others like her affected the gold rush and what took place at that time in history. The writer concludes that the extreme greed that over took many people, the violence and tragedy that broke out over the desire for wealth, and the destruction of the native people of California made the California gold rush one of the most tumultuous times in history.
From the Paper
"The most famous tales of the California Gold Rush say that in January of 1848, James Marshall, who was an employee of John Sutter, was building a sawmill. This incomplete mill was what would later become known as Sutter's Mill, and it is where the first piece of gold that consequently started the California Gold Rush was found. Sutter received the property from the Mexican government, as he talked them into granting him 48,000 acres in the Sacramento Valley. Unfortunately, the land that the Mexican government granted to Sutter was already owned by Indians who had been in that area a great deal longer than any Mexican or American settlers. The ranch that Sutter lived on was run and staffed almost entirely by Indians. There is some discrepancy about whether or not Sutter treated his Indian workers well, or whether they were used more as slaves."
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The Soviet Union - Stable or Unstable?, 2008.
An analysis of the history of the Soviet Union.
936 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the topic of Soviet Union history. The paper also discusses whether the Soviet Union was a relatively stable dictatorship that lasted seven decades or a primarily unstable system that collapsed of its own weight. The paper explains that communist, democratic and autocratic, the history of the Soviet Union is as diverse as the country itself. The paper then points out that many factors contributed to the instability of the country, from dictatorial leaders, corrupt political parties, and oppression to poor economic policies and social unrest. The paper concludes that the Soviet Union made great strides during the 20th century, but it could not keep up with the west in economic, political, or social arenas, and so, the Soviet Union gave up communism, returned to democracy, and became even more unstable as it broke up into smaller entities and is still unstable.
From the Paper
"Socially, the Soviet Union began on extremely shaky roots. The Bolshevik Revolution took place in 1917, and disposed the monarchy, creating instead a Communist state. However, civil wars plagued the new Communist regime until the 1920s, and there were many who fought the overthrow of the Tsar and his family. Before the Revolution, peasants worked the land for the nobles and ultimately the Tsar. Author Suny notes, "Tsar and noble supported each other, maintaining a stable political regime that could defend the realm against foreign threats, keep the various nobles from fighting each other, collect taxes and keep order over the immense spread of the Russian lands, and preserve the nobles' hold over their peasant serfs" (Suny 12)."
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Saddam Hussein, Kuwait, and the Gulf Crises, 2008.
A look at some of the issues leading up to Desert Storm.
4,686 words (approx. 18.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses some of the issues that led up to Desert Storm, and delves into the Gulf crisis from an historical and political point of view - and from the perspective of the United States (including those of George Herbert Walker Bush and George W. Bush).
Outline:
A Brief Look at the Late Dictator
Why Hussein went into Kuwait
Powell Assertion Number One
Powell Assertion Number Two
Powell Assertion Number Three
Powell Assertion Number Four
Powell Assertion Number Five
From the Paper
"During the last two decades or so of Saddam's life, he was known as "the madman of the Middle East" in some Western circles, but journalist Jerrold M. Post, writing in the journal Political Psychology, asserts that there is "no evidence that he [was] suffering from a psychotic disorder." That having been said, Post added that while Hussein was "psychologically in touch with reality," he was frequently politically "out of touch with reality" (Post 284) and had a worldview that was "narrow and distorted." Moreover, he was a "ruthless political calculator" who went to "whatever lengths are necessary to achieve his goals.
"Post explains that the crisis created when Saddam's armies invaded Kuwait provided him with "the opportunity to defy the hated outsiders, a strong value in his Ba'th ideology" (Post 286). Saddam enjoyed casting the conflict as a "struggle between two gladiators," Post wrote; those two were "Saddam Hussein vs. George Bush."
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The Sixties, 2008.
Looks at the U.S. intercultural tensions of the 1960s, the Viet Nam war period.
2,725 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the changes that took place in the U.S., as a result of the student rebellion against the war in Viet Nam. The author describes the history of the U.S. involvement in this war and the student riots against it and the establishment. The author relates that not since the Civil War was the nation so divided. The paper uses quotes from songs and writings from 1960s to demonstrate the tone of this period.
From the Paper
"The National Guard had naively marched down a hill to a field in the midst of the angry demonstrators, then back up again. Just a matter of seconds before they would have passed around the corner of a large building and out of sight of the crowd, for some reason a few of the guardsmen fired directly into the students, hitting 13. Guardsmen later said they fired at specific unarmed targets, such as one man shooting a demonstrator who was giving him the finger. The unarmed students who were shot ranged from 60 feet to 700 feet away from the guardsmen."
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The "Secret Six", 2008.
A review of Otto J. Scott's "The Secret Six: John Brown and the Abolitionist Movement", one of the most comprehensive looks at America preceding the Civil War.
892 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Otto J. Scott's "The Secret Six: John Brown and the Abolitionist Movement" where Scott explores the origin, meaning and consequence of modern terrorism through a discussion of the radicalism of the early abolitionist movement. The paper asserts that Scott's personal agenda is evident throughout the book, and he therefore can not be established as a credible author. The paper concludes, however, that in general he would recommend this book for its entertaining and disturbing analysis into the minds of John Brown and his six co-conspirators.
From the Paper
"Scott is concerned in this book with the radicalism of the early abolitionist movement; he explores the origin, meaning and consequence of modern terrorism. The book follows the story of the "Secret Six" the six wealth individuals who funded and encouraged Brown in his murders and plans for revolution. These six individuals were all well respected members of society, Thomas Higginson, Samuel Howe, Theodore Parker, Gerrit Smith, Franklin Sanborn and George Luther Stearns. These individuals not only encouraged Brown to commit his acts but actively collected money to fun him. They were able to raise over a period of three years, enough money for Brown to assemble a strong artillery staple needed for his revolution."
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Women in the 1960s, 2008.
This paper discusses the roles of women in the 1960s, along with societal changes affecting these roles.
2,593 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the 1960s brought about a great deal of change in American life as we know it today. These changes included the passing of the civil rights bill and the women's liberation movement. Both the civil rights and the women's liberation movement have been explored in a great deal of literature about the 1960s. This paper examines everyday life for women in the 1960s. The author focuses on educational and workforce opportunities in addition to family and marriage.
Outline:
Introduction
Life for women in the 1960s
Education and Job opportunities
Marriage and Family
Women's Liberation Movement
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Although single motherhood was becoming more prevalent it still wasn't as accepted as it is today so many young women got married. Some married women were able to be stay at home mothers if their spouses had good jobs. However, this was usually only the case if the husband had some type of higher education. In many cases if both the husband and the wife only had high school diplomas or did not graduate from high school they both would have to work outside of the home.
"For women who could afford to stay home with their children, much of their daily lives were relegated to managing the home. Women would be responsible for cooking, cleaning, childcare, running errands and the like. Women would also be responsible for ensuring that different community or family functions (eg, birthdays, bridal showers) took place and ran smoothly. Although both working women and housewives were expected to maintain the home, women were becoming increasingly more significant in public life. This was a marked contrast from the 1950's when women's roles were more defined.
"Regardless of whether a woman was a housewife or part of the workforce her daily routine would include taking care of children; whether it be getting them to school, caring for them in the home or sending them to day care. If a woman worked and was also a mother she had to balance work life with home life. In some cases fathers began to take a more active role in the lives of their children but most of the responsibility in rearing children and attending to domestic affairs was left to the woman."
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WWI in "Voices of Freedom", 2008.
This paper analyzes the transitional period around WWI, as presented in Chapter 19 of Eric Froner's "Voices of Freedom."
1,541 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the period covered in the primary documentation associated with Chapter 19 of Eric Foner's "Voices of Freedom", as a period of transition. It states that the era surrounding World War I demonstrates a time when the definitions of intrinsic values were being challenged and reassessed almost on a constant basis. From 1916-1920 America was involved in reformulating what values it was said to hold dear and the official take on what those values mean was often one that did not meet with everyone's approval. From President Wilson's speech admonishing American business for being too isolationist and short sited in international dealings to the final work in which Fitch expresses the context of regional labor strikes, there is a sense of a collective demand for change as well as a reassertion of the cries for freedom and even a reevaluation of the very definitions of freedom and democracy. Furthermore, the author asserts that each of these messages, from texts and transcripts that were written and felt between 1916 and 1920, is a timely message about the modern world.
From the Paper
"Realizing with new zest and fear of democracy not being the underpinning of this peaceful conquest that Wilson speaks of a law is passed that bans free speech, when such speech could be seen as contrary to the cause of WWI and democracy, Congress and Wilson pass the Espionage act of 1917, creating yet another reason for protest, of the forgetting of the derisive nature of the past. Debs, in his speech could be talking about the Patriot Act, allowing government to overstep its constitutional boundaries, once again, some would say. Debs admonishes congress and the officials overseeing his trial, again naming names. (94-98) Bourne discusses disenfranchisement, as it is associated with old versus new immigrants and rightfully asks the do-gooders trying to Americanize immigrants to remember that they were also once immigrants who were given credit for establishing freedom and now taking it away by forcing their own brand of Americanism on the new comers."
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Portuguese and Spanish Conquests: 1450 - 1550, 2008.
An analysis of the greatness of Portugal and Spain between 1450 and 1550, particularly with regards to their expeditions and conquests.
1,568 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the formation of the first colonial empires, namely those of Spain and Portugal. It then discusses some of the naval expeditions that were organized at the orders of the kings of Spain and Portugal and how these expeditions resulted in significant discoveries on the part of European explorers. The paper aims to illustrate that, although the Spanish colonial empire was very large as far as total surface, it was Portugal that represented the greatest naval power with world-wide long-lasting impact.
From the Paper
"The first global empire in the history of mankind, the Portuguese Empire consisted of a group of territories with distinct geographical and racial features, but unified by the same identity and ideals, by a common language and religion. These territories were Cape Verde, Guinea and Angola in West Africa, S. Thomas and Principe located in the Gulf of Guinea, Mozambique in East Africa, far-off Timor in Indonesia, India and Macau in the China Sea. All these territories made up the same whole, i.e. a political organism. This political organism, consisting of Mother-Country, colonies and adjacent islands - called the Portuguese Nation, was considered unitary and indivisible (Ferreira Mendes: 230) and spanned from the middle of the 15th century until the independence of Macau, the last territory that was still part of the former Portuguese Empire, in 1999."
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"Wealth and Poverty of Nations", 2008.
A review of David Landes' arguments in "Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why Some Are So Rich and Some So Poor" and "he Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe From 1750 to the Present."
1,301 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses some of the reasons that influenced Europe's rise to power over the centuries. It specifically discusses David Landes' arguments regarding the combination of environment and culture and their importance, as he discusses in his books, "Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why Some Are So Rich and Some So Poor" and "he Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe From 1750 to the Present."
From the Paper
"Continued growth is dependant on the establishment of a number of different factors including the creation of social and political institutions as security of property; rights of contract and of personal liberty that included social and geographic mobility; and a stable, responsive, honest, and relatively efficient government. Landes recognizes that this is an ideal that no society has ever met, but argues that to a certain degree such characteristics and therefore the resulting institutions have promoted economic and social progress, while their significant absence has acted as a barrier to the continued process of economic growth and extended well being."
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