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Hitler's Germany, 2008.
An overview of Hitler's Germany including the Nazis, the Gleichschaltung,
the Gestapo and the Schutz-Staffel.
1,003 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Gleichschaltung, the term used to describe the enforcement of political and military forces synchronized towards the integration of the German society, was attempted by Hitler's Nazis between the years 1933 and 1939. In particular, the paper looks at how the Gestapo and the SS proceeded to implement the Gleichschaltung philosophy and how it targeted nationality, convictions and ages.
Outline:
Abstract
The Gleichschaltung Philosophy
Patriotism
Free Will and a Better Life
The Gleichschaltung Philosophy as Applied by the Gestapo and the SS
From the Paper
"The Germans were an extremely patriotic population and the Nazis exploited people's dedication to their country. They had them believe that the Gleichschaltung was in fact synonym to patriotism and nationalism. Depressed by the stains left upon Germany by the defeat suffered during the First World War and by the Treaty of Versailles, the population believed the encouragements given by the Nazis in regard to the country's economic recovery. Wanting to believe that the Nazis would regain Germany's international pride and status, the population found it difficult to distinguish true nationalism from the "radical and revolutionary implications of the Nazi racialist ideology." "
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Divisions of Buddhism and Judaism, 2008.
A discussion of the transformations that have been seen in Buddhism and Judaism between the conservative and liberal sects of the religions.
2,460 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, within Buddhism and Judaism, both religions have gone through a series of transformations, most importantly a division between more the conservative and liberal sects. It discusses the history of the transformations and then shows how these divisions are still prominent in the practice of both religions even today.
From the Paper
"A more liberal Reform Judaism came about in the 1840's through ideas influenced by the liberalization of much of the Western world. The origins of Reform Judaism began in German synagogues which proposed a modernizing of temple worship. Much of the extensive Sabbath ceremony was reduced and translated into various native languages rather than Hebrew., along with the removal of "References to the coming of Messiah, the Resurrection of the dead, or the reestablishment of Jewish nationality and the sacrificial rites of ancient Palestine," (445). They believe that Judaism is constantly changing, and unlike their Orthodox counterparts, the Torah needed to be adapted to modern living."
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The Assassination of Rafik Hariri, 2008.
An examination of the events leading up to the assassination of former prime minister of Lebanon, Rafik Hariri, and the U.N. investigation into the murder.
3,779 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 23 sources, MLA, $ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the assassination of the former prime minister of Lebanon, Rafik Hariri who was assassinated in February 2005. It first discusses Hariri's political views and his plans for the future of Lebanon. The paper then lists and discusses the U.N. investigation of the events surrounding the murder of Hariri and reviews the highlights of the resulting report.
From the Paper
"The report cited obstruction by the occupying Syrian forces and by the Syrian Government (2005, p. A14). However, all information in the report was pointing to Syria as being complicit in the murder of the former prime minister (2005, p. A14). By the time the report was issued, UN officials were unsure as to what penalty to impose against or on Syria for its blatant disregard for the UN effort to investigate the murder (2005, p. A14). Mehlis was stepping down in order to return to his professional responsibilities and work in Germany (2005, p. A14). This, at what was deemed a crucial moment in the investigation since one of Mehlis' key witnesses had recanted his testimony given to Mehlis and the Mehlis team (2005, p. A14). Whether or not the witness was recanting under pressure from the Syrian government was not readily known. The Lebanese Government requested at that time an extension of the UN investigation (2005, p. A14)."
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The Dahlgren Papers, 2008.
This paper studies the book 'The Dahlgren Affair' by Duane Schultz.
1,970 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that 'The Dahlgren Affair' effectively utilizes the themes of history, drama, bloodshed, war, politics and mystery to weave a tale that originated during the Civil War. Schultz's use of high quality characterization and well-paced narrative adds to the value of the book. The writer notes that there are some flaws in the book, and some critics assert that Schultz either fabricated portions of the story, or just made honest errors, and those discrepancies are reviewed in this paper. The writer concludes that it is unlikely there will be definitive proof presented to verify beyond any shadow of a doubt either point of view regarding the Dahlgren papers. But perhaps what is just as important is that by reading books like Shultz's and by studying all accounts of the Civil War, students and scholars will be more informed about U.S. history, and that in itself is a positive thing.
From the Paper
"The genesis of the plot that launches this well-told story is based on an actual attempt to free Union prisoners from the terrible conditions in Libby Prison and Belle Isle prison in Richmond, Virginia. The fact that many Union soldiers had either surrendered or were captured and were being held there - many reportedly near starvation and living in squalor - was eating away at leaders in the North. And so, President Lincoln, who was up for re-election soon and needed to get any positive publicity he could, authorized an attack on Richmond, ostensibly in order to free the prisoners at Libby.
"It was March 2, 1864. But the attack went awry, and in fact when Union Army Colonel Ulric Dahlgren was killed by Confederate soldiers defending Richmond and the prison, papers were found on Dahlgren's body that to this day have historians confused. The controversial nature of the papers has provided historical writer Schultz with a perfect mystery to complement his book."
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The Legacy of Nehru, 2008.
An in-depth analysis of Jawaharlal Nehru's influence on India's development.
2,818 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes Nehru's philosophy, his performance as a revolutionary and as a government leader and his impact on the Indian state. The paper shows how he was well prepared to meet the challenges posed by the newly independent nation. The paper also discusses his missteps, such as the insistence on a centrally planned economy and strained relations with Pakistan, China and America, but concludes that Nehru helped to create a legacy of democracy and social reform that is apparent in India to this day.
Outline:
Introduction
Philosophy
Performance
Impact
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When Jawaharlal Nehru came to power as prime minister of the newly independent India in 1947, he inherited not only a country in flux, but a world undergoing great turmoil and change. After nearly 30 years of working alongside the iconic Mohandas Gandhi to procure independence from the British, Nehru was tasked with building a government, trying to preserve national unity and reconstructing a tattered Indian economy. All around him, the post-World War II world was changing and the Cold War heating up, with world super powers competing for the fragile new government's allegiance."
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The American/Roman Empire, 2008.
This paper examines the Roman's Republic's change to an imperialist state in light of the Bush administration's use of emergency governmental powers.
1,409 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that many contemporary writers have compared the powers vested in the President of the United States of America, under the heading emergency powers in the Patriot Acts, to be all too similar to the changing government in the Republic of Rome. The paper describes the Roman's Republic's change to an imperialist state and the present situation in the United States. The paper asserts that the future of the United States, according to what is known of the history of Rome, appears to be bleak indeed. The paper posits that there is hope that the next presidential election will progress in a democratic manner and that the newly elected president will have the integrity to see the United States return to the democracy upon which it was based.
Outline:
Introduction
From Republic to Empire
America: The New Rome
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"In 27 BCE Octavian voluntarily gave the Senate his power who in turn reinstituted his power under the name of princes meaning 'leading citizen' and he took the name 'Augustus' meaning 'the revered one'. At this time Augustus held absolute power but in a concealed manner due to the governmental forms in place to conceal what was the beginning of the Roman Empire. While most historians date the beginning of the Roman Empire to 44 B.C. at the time of the assassination of Caesar, it was long before 44 B.C. that changes instituted into the powers held by Augustus were initiated in a manner that slowly chipped away at the Republic of Rome and in the end turned the Republic into an Empire. "
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The Lost Continent, 2008.
An exploration of the myth of the lost continent, as portrayed in ancient Greek, Mayan and Tamil legends, in the context of modern scientific knowledge.
2,827 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the origins of the lost continent myth in both western and eastern hemispheres. The writer explores the legend of Atlantis, as documented by Plato, the earlier Mayan legend of Mu, and the Tamil legend of Lemuria, all representing lands and civilizations which disappeared under an ocean, and provides an overview of theories that have attempted to account for the existence of such legends. However, none of these theories can be reconciled with the science of plate tectonics. The writer concludes that in the absence of tangible and dateable evidence there is no way to prove or disprove the existence of Atlantis.
From the Paper
"One of the most persistent and pervasive legends about the world involves the concept of the Lost Continent. In these legends, and the name is essentially quite unimportant at this point, an island, part of a peninsula, or other land-mass of varying sizes depending upon the account, once existed above the surface of the ocean. The legends typically say that in ancient history, a civilization of people lived on that land-mass or "continent", they are generally perceived to pre-date written history and, in many accounts, were an "advanced" civilization producing works of art, music, philosophy, science above and beyond their time. At some point a catastrophic natural disaster occurred to the continent reducing it to rubble and either gradually or suddenly, it fell beneath the surface of the water never to be seen or heard from again."
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The U.S. and the Roman Empire, 2008.
This paper examines a comparison between the fall of the Roman Empire and the current state of the United States.
1,149 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper attempts to determine the myriad factors that are involved in the current downturn in U.S. influence while also examining what brought about the fall of Rome. The paper discusses the politics, social welfare, philosophy, military strength and capability and the ability to change and adapt within both civilizations. The paper also highlights many comparative points between the United States and Rome as well as points where the Americans differ from the Romans. The paper is sure that further research and exploration could easily prove that empires always fall and that power never lasts.
From the Paper
"It is, at least on the surface, an easy comparison to make between the fall of the Roman Empire and the current state of the United States. Indeed the arguments for a direct comparison are manifest. But, are they accurate? Can an empire that reigned over the known world for centuries be compared to a current collapse of the United States's popular opinion and economy throughout the world? Perhaps. The truth is that in the timeline, the United States has held preeminence among the other nations of the world only since the collapse of the Soviet Union just a little over ten years ago - and that does not make an empire. "
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Radicalism, 2008.
A discussion of American history during colonial times.
1,236 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the colonial period in American history and covers issues of equality, hierarchy, opportunity and oppression. The paper comments that the specific manifestation of equality and freedom, and of oppression and opportunity cannot be delineated in simple terms. The paper also comments that these concepts as they existed during the Colonial years can also not be described by considering a single set of circumstances or group of people. The paper concludes that it is impossible to say that any of these elements did not exist during the society of the time, or that they played no part whatsoever in the Revolution. Indeed, the Revolution was a convergence of the existing paradigms of oppression and freedom, hierarchy and opportunity.
From the Paper
"Doerflinger turns the focus to the economy of the country at the time. According to the author, business people at the time were more individually focused on making use of the opportunities offered by the new country than on freeing themselves from England. Indeed, business people did very little to incite revolution. In this way, the paradigm of the economic world was much different from the social."
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Vietnam War, 2008.
An outline and synopsis of the Vietnam war.
824 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the reasons for American intervention in Vietnam, including a synopsis of presidents in office during and after this time, and their ideas of what was important to the American people and nation at or about the time of the war. This paper also describes the lessons of the Vietnam War and its consequences on American foreign policy.
From the Paper
" Entire villages had been wiped out, people, innocent civilians, not just soldiers, which is one reason the United States had reason to feel disgraced and failed to distinguish the returning soldiers from the war as heroes. This in turn took a tremendous toll on many soldiers resulting in post traumatic syndromes including long-lasting depression, aggression and sleep disorders. No other war had exacted such a toll on domestic and foreign life than did the war in Vietnam. Had the troops remained, there is no question the country as it is today would still exist, although what does exist is a small fracture or reminder of a land that used to be. Even after the war landmines were still prevalent throughout Vietnam resulting in even more deaths among the innocent."
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"Constantine", 2008.
A discussion on Constantine's legalization of Christianity and the evolution of the Church.
2,526 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the Christian status before Constantine's act of legalizing Christianity, as a premise of defending the idea that his act paved the way for subsequent Christian evolution. The eventual recognition of Christianity and its path ever since is subsequently presented by the paper, along with the potential negative outcomes that may have arisen. The paper determines that, during the period preceding Constantine's legalization of Christianity, the religion consolidated its own faith, characteristics and place among the other religions. With Constantine's recognition, its path opened for a bivalent participation in worldly matters, both for the case of simple individuals, and the case of nation - states.
Outline:
Introduction
Christianity before legalization
Legalization of Christianity
Effects of legalization
Potential negative consequences of legalization
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Initially, Christianity develops around the personality of Jesus Christ, more as "a movement of people around a single charismatic teacher or preacher". The moment of Jesus Christ's death transforms the movement of people into a sect, because these are individuals that have been able to transform real life happenings into something bearing a religious and mystical meaning. The Christian mythology and cosmogony is this born, along with the main writings of the new religion."
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Kennedy's Legacy, 2008.
This paper argues that had John F. Kennedy not been assassinated and his presidency allowed to run its course, history would not look so kindly upon him and neither would popular opinion.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that what John F. Kennedy had going for him was that he was perhaps the most charismatic, engaging, youthful, accessible, and believable leader that the United States had of the 20th century. The writer maintains that his political substance came not from having particularly effective or strong convictions, but because he held the imagination of the baby boomers - he was the voice of clarity and difference and he was outside of beltway, he stood above the political system that had been so corrupted by the fury of the cold-war and of McCarthyism. The writer discusses however, that although very popular, Kennedy simply wasn't very effective as a President. All the good intentions and pretty political speeches do not make up for a lack of actual lasting policy impact. The writer maintains that Kennedy's popularity in hindsight seems to be based more upon the perpetuation of an idealized image. He represented the power of youth, of potential. The writer concludes that unfortunately, Kennedy's mistakes seemed to be born of youth and a lack of true conviction that what he was doing was right.
From the Paper
"The nation, however, did not seem to blame Kennedy. The people did not take the point of view that their President had just committed an egregious act of idiocy. Instead, they looked on in dread at the looming communist menace next door - because they were told to do so. The Bay of Pigs can only be described as an absolute fiasco of epic proportions - one that could have only come from a man not truly invested in the process of removal of Castro, but more in the rhetoric. In this Kennedy appeared to be following up on his anti-Communist speech with anti-Communist actions. But, the level of actual commitment was clearly not there. Kennedy had the entire United States military at his disposal. All he had to do was use them. But, clearly, he did not have the stomach to follow it all the way through. Kennedy wanted to appear strong but did not want to have to be strong - image meant everything."
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