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War in Iraq War on Terror, 2007.
A discussion of how the war in Iraq and war on terror became linked as election issues.
2,646 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author argues that the war in Iraq was utilized as a persuasive tool to win an election, in which the war was linked to the more global and less definable "war on terrorism." The author further contends that in the 2004 presidential elections the voters were seeking security, and therefore they linked the two issues. This paper demonstrates that the war on terror and the war in Iraq are not connected and in fact contraindicated for the long term safety of the US, specifically with regard to future acts of terrorism. Salient quotes from primary and secondary sources are used to support the author's thesis.
From the Paper
"The importance and reality of this link are now being questioned at every level. People, in both high and low places are questioning the validity of the connection and asking if this aggressive move, on the part of the US, even in the face of much international opposition was in fact appropriate to improve security in the US and her interests all over the world. The political positioning that has become increasingly obvious has undermined the faith of individuals in the nature and necessity of the War in Iraq, as people feel they were sold a bill of goods, rather than leveled with in regards to the strategic importance of the Iraq in the global war on terrorism in both the short and log term. In fact this work argues that the only connection between the war on terrorism and the War on Iraq is that the later has and will continue to serve to increase terrorist activities and actions against the US, no matter how the government spins it."
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International Sweatshops, 2007.
An examination of the ethical aspects of international sweatshops.
1,779 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the issue of international sweatshops, particularly in China. It will also look at how to control or eliminate these sweatshops. The paper mentions some of the companies that use sweatshops and the actual conditions in which the employees must work. Also examined are the critics of the sweatshops and the attention they bring to the issue and the reforms they are attempting to institute. The author also considers the problems associated with establishing standards in the sweatshops, especially regarding wages and working conditions. The author concludes with suggestions for developing these standards.
From the Paper
"In China, the government suppresses any union activity, thereby ensuring these companies of workers who will make no demands of their employers (Maitland, DATE, p. 584). These companies are not only supporting poor working conditions for their workers and families, they are contributing to the economy of a government that suppresses and represses its people. However, Chinese workers are not the only workers who have to endure terrible conditions. Authors Arnold and Bowie continue about shops in El Salvador, "In the majority of companies, it is an obligation of the personnel to work overtime under the threat of firing or some other kind of reprisal" (Arnold and Bowie, DATE, 597). In Mexico, a 26-year-old worker notes, "I start out the shift okay, but after about three hours of work, I feel a lot of sharp pains in my fingers. It gets so bad that I can't hold the steering wheel correctly. But still the supervisors keep pressuring me to reach 100 percent of my production" (Arnold and Bowie, DATE, p. 597). Thus, workers face conditions that few American workers would stand for, but they have no rights and no recourse to change the situation."
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Switzerland, 2007.
An examination of Switzerland's changing political environment.
1,434 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the changing political outlooks of Switzerland, both domestic and international. The author gives a brief history of Swiss neutrality, describing the Swiss position during and following World War II. The author then illustrates how this is changing, especially in light of Switzerland joining the United Nations and the EU. The three levels of government within Switzerland are also discussed. The author concludes by praising Switzerland for its tolerance and not being involved in open warfare for the past 300 years.
From the Paper
"Overall, there are three levels of government in Switzerland--communal, cantonal and national. Of the 23 cantons, three of them, being Appenzell, Basel and Walden, are divided into halves to create the normal total of 26. The most recent canton is Jura which achieved its independence from Bern, the capital city, in 1979. This form of government is known as a bicameral system (i.e., based on two legislative chambers) with the Federal Assembly being responsible for national laws (Sigg, 214). In the U.S., there is only one legislative branch, made up of the Congress and the House of Representatives. The lower chamber is called the National Council with 200 members from the 26 cantons in proportion to population size, similar in nature to the U.S. House of Representatives. The upper chamber, known as the States Council, is composed of 46 members with two per canton, similar to the U.S. Congress with congressmen and women from all 50 states."
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American Isolationist Policies, 2007.
This paper examines the effects of America becoming more isolationist in its economic and foreign policies.
3,025 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This analysis examines the current isolationist policies adopted by the United States with regards to its foreign policy agenda. The paper examines when the current American attitude towards isolationism began and the considerations that led to this trend. The paper provides a detailed cost and benefits analysis of these policies. The paper notes the economic, political, militaristic and social benefits of the current isolationist policy for the United States but reveals that they are all short lived. The paper contends that for the government to continue this policy at the cost of engendering international alienation and condemnation is unthinkable.
From the Paper
"The first and most obvious question to consider, is when the current American attitude towards isolationism began. After all, it was a strong consideration for world affairs and multilateral cooperatives that resulted in the Allies victory in World War II. Even in the decades after, American interest in containing the Communist bloc led to unprecedented creations of multilateral protectionism and aid agreements. No defining events seems obvious that would attribute the current state of isolationist policy to something tangible and concrete. Sanford Ungar noted in a research analysis in 1985 that "the United States is estranged from the world - separate, aloof more alone than even the most cynical of pessimistic observers might have predicted in the heyday of American postwar power" (Ungar, 120). Ungar's research indicates that as early as 1982, with Reaganomics still the foundation of economic recovery in America, the country's foreign policy approach turned decisively isolationist."
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Operation Desert Storm, 2003.
A review of the Gulf War otherwise known as Operation Desert Storm, as a catalyst for Islamist opposition to the Saudi Arabian royal family.
1,334 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the role of Saudi Arabia in Operation Desert Storm. According to the paper, the Saudi royal family was harshly criticized as being a traitor to Muslim countries and Muslim values, for the role it played in the Gulf War. The paper goes on to discuss how, due to the fact that Saudi Arabia is home to some of Islam's most sacred shrines, the royal family's acceptance of US military troops on Saudi territory was not regarded well by Islamic communities.
From the Paper
"Agreeing to become the ally of US and the coalition forces during the Gulf War was seen by extremist movements and Islamic opponents of the Saudi royal family as an act of betrayal of Islamic values. Perhaps if the terrorist cells that later terrorized the world were not belonging to Saudi Arabia and were not operating from its territory, Saudi involvement in the war wouldn't have been seen as an act of betrayal. But since this was not the case, the royal family was regarded as fraternizing with the enemy of these terrorist groups and so, the position against the royal family was strong and firm."
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Fighting for Your Country, 2006.
A persuasive essay against enlisting in the military.
2,050 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses why a person should refrain from enlisting in the military. According to the paper, the living conditions in the military are terrible, the pay is no good, divorce is frequent, soldiers get post-traumatic stress disorder, death happens everyday and the wars are not worth fighting. The paper is written from a personal perspective.
From the Paper
"Another problem for soldiers is post-traumatic stress disorder. People get home and they sleep all day, listless and agitated at the same time, and losing their memory. Sudden noises make them panic and start screaming that a missile is going to kill them. The person thinks for a few minutes he is back in Iraq or Afghanistan or Vietnam. The big worry is not being able to go back to a civilian job because of jumpiness, crying and nightmares. The military doesn't do much for people that suffer afterwards from combat. They accuse them of "malingering" and punish them, even though they fought for their country honorably (Sherman, 2006). Soldiers are supposed to suffer in silence in the military. But Walter Reed Army Institute of Research says 30% of soldiers who come home from Iraq will have mental problems. The death rate is 1 in 9. Those that live get brain injuries from roadside bombs and explosions. The symptoms are similar to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. The military tells these people to "suck it up" (Sherman, 2006, p. 11)."
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The Marshall Plan and Greece, 2007.
An analysis of the benefits of the United States European Recovery Program (the Marshall Plan) in Greece.
6,524 words (approx. 26.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 150.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the United States' famous European Recovery Program, more commonly known as the Marshall Plan. It describes how, combined with the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan helped rebuild the shambles that was the Greek government and nation following the stresses of excessive and violent internal and external conflict. The paper concludes that Greece has probably benefited in the long run from the U.S. Marshall Plan.
From the Paper
"This may be true, but Greek has probably benefited in the long run from the U.S. Marshall Plan. Certainly, the physical improvements of the schools, hospitals, roads, railroads, building, etc. are lasting reminders of the Marshall Plan. These were also things that were necessary to help the people of Greece and its economy. As part of U.S. interest in Greece, the U.S. pushed for Greece to become a full member of NATO which benefited the country in the long run. From the personal interviews of Warren, an AMAG worker, and Bernaris, a Greek government representative, a positive glow is put on the Marshall plan. Both gentlemen were interviewed years later, but recalled that time in Greece as a time of opportunity and progress. Bernaris says in the interview, "I am sure that the Greek people will always be very grateful to President Truman for his initiative." In the rest of the interview, Bernaris goes on to praise the efforts of the Marshall Plan for putting Greece on the path to recovery."
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Globalization and Sovereignty, 2007.
This paper argues that globalization must lead to some erosion of state sovereignty.
2,664 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the subtle balance between globalization and sovereignty of the state. The paper supports the thesis that globalization continues to have an increasingly negative impact on the sovereign rights of individual nation states. The paper explains that globalization must result in a loss of sovereignty to some degree if unity is to be achieved. However, the paper points out that how much nations must give up largely depends on how different their laws are from international standards.
Outline:
Human Rights and Sovereignty
The Case of Feudalism and the Early History of the United States
A Matter of Degree
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The key roadblock to achieving complete globalization of the economy is the issue of sovereignty. Just as human rights issues pit the rights of the state against the rights of the individual, so does globalization pit the good of the world against the rights of individual nation states to determine their destiny. Until advances in communication led to rapid integration on a global level, the issue of state sovereignty was rather clear. Each state had the right to govern as it saw fit. Happenings within the borders had little impact on the world at large. That is not to say that conflicts did not occur, such as when it found that a certain group was treated unfairly, but when the basic rights of the group had been restored, the world once again backed out."
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The Political Climate of the 1980s, 2007.
This paper looks at the achievements of President Ronald Reagan and the collapse of the Soviet Union.
770 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the 1980s ushered in a new era of politics, with President Ronald Reagan at the reins. The paper reveals that Reagan is credited with helping to speed the end of the Cold War by challenging the Soviets on several other fronts and siding with the dissident movement in Poland. The paper relates that less than a year after Reagan left office, the Berlin Wall fell and the Cold War essentially ended in 1991. The paper looks at reasons for the swift collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.
From the Paper
"Reagan is credited with helping to speed the end of the Cold War, which had preoccupied both nations for over forty years, at a cost of hundreds of billions of dollars, and had resulted in the building of some of the most destructive weapons in history (Hoffman 2004). During the late 1970's and early 1980's, the United States underwent a revolution in technology that left the Soviets behind in the arms race. David E. Hoffman wrote in the June 06, 2004 issue of The Washington Post that the Soviet system was under pressure from "Reagan's defense buildup and deployment of medium-range missiles in Europe, the CIA-backed mujaheddin fighting Soviet forces in Afghanistan and Reagan's proposed missile defense system, the Strategic Defense Initiative" (Hoffman 2004)."
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The Marshall Plan and Greece, 2007.
A discussion of the Marshall Plan and its impact on Greece.
1,706 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Marshall plan and its results in post-World War II Greece. The writer explores the career of George Marshall, and the Marshall Plans impact on Europe in general and Greece in particular. The paper gives a brief history of post war Greece, including its civil war, and why the Marshall Plan was initially ineffective. The author concludes that the funds channeled to Greece through the Marshall Plan helped the nation enter into a period of economic prosperity.
Outline
Introduction
The Plan in Greece
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The initial efforts of the postwar reconstruction called the Marshall Plan actually provided very little benefit to the nation of Greece. Part of that may be attributed to the fact that Greece had a major Civil War between 1946 and 1949 therefore the world's attention for post war reconstruction following World War II turned to other nations. "
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American Involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan, 2007.
A discussion of America's current role in Iraq and Afghanistan.
2,335 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a general account of America's involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan, focusing on the goals and dangers of a US presence in these nations. The author gives a background to the ethnic and religious conflict in Iraq, then describes the current conditions and government structure in Afghanistan. The author emphasizes that Afghanistan's extreme Islamic rule makes it difficult for the US to expect to normalize relations with this troubled nation. It is further stated that Democracy and human rights in Afghanistan, according to the Western concept and understanding, might not be feasible or possible in the short term. The author concludes that the primary purpose of an American presence in Afghanistan is the destruction of al Qaeda.
From the Paper
"Anti-American violence has been increasing (Yaphe 2004). The imminent civil war is not likely to be between the Sunnis and the Shi'a, or between the Arabs and the Kurds. The clashes in many parts of the country were clearly a series of planned and coordinated attacks on US forces and civilians working on the reconstruction plan. The civil war is seen as likelier between religious extremists Sunni and Shi'a. Iraq is made up of 60% Shi'a Arab, 20% Sunni Arab and 20% Kurd. Sunni and Shi'a Arabs stand for Iraqi nationalism and want to maintain the country's political and territorial integrity according to the 1920 San Remo Treaty and the 1932 Treaty of Independence. And the Iraqi Kurds want to be part of Iraq only at the moment and their reluctance towards permanent status is a clear impediment to constitutional and territorial concessions. The second condition, which must be handled, surrounds the fate of transitional governance. Its nature, selection, and who would serve the cabinet posts were the points of dispute between the Coalition Provisional Authority and the Iraqis. The Governing Council apparently preempted UN-US efforts to form the new interim government by choosing a new president, two deputy presidents and a prime minister. Elections would not ensure perfect democratic governance or a pro-American government, but should reflect the consensus of the majority of the Iraqi people. What it took Britain to achieve a truly representative government after 900 years and the United States more than 225 years and a civil war has been made the goal for the Iraqis in only a year. And the third condition brings out the Governing Council's lack of legitimacy and the still undefined nature of political institutions. These issues cannot be resolved soon. The US needs to pass on real and transparent decision-making power on to the Iraqis (Yaphe)."
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Kazakhstan Today, 2007.
A description of Kazakhstan today, including its economy, people and standard of living.
1,056 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a general background of Kazakhstan today, focusing on its people, politics and economy. The paper gives a comprehensive discussion of the ethnic mixture that makes this nation so interesting, including its various religions. The paper also gives a brief history of this emerging nation to place it in its current context. The author further describes concerns with the current government. The paper concludes with an optimistic outlook for the economic future of the country.
From the Paper
"Sovereign for just over a decade, Kazakhstan has been inhabited by Turk and Mongol nomadic groups for centuries. The region was conquered by the Russians in the 18th century and later, Kazakhstan became one of the republics of the Soviet Union. Modern Kazakhstan reflects a commingling of indigenous Kazak and Russian influences. Russians comprise about one-third of the nation's population and both Russian and Kazak are widely spoken. Russian is more commonly used than Kazak as the language for business and commercial transactions, whereas Kazak is the official state language. In spite of robust economic and political ties with Russia, Kazakhstan does not permit dual citizenship. According to the BBC Country Profile, ethnic Russians in Kazakhstan "resent the lack of dual citizenship and having to pass a Kazakh language test in order to work for government or state bodies." One of the motivations for Kazakhstan's strict citizenship policy is the struggle to create a "cohesive national identity," (CIA)."
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