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The Decline of the United States, 2006.
A discussion regarding the power of the United States and the history of former 'superpowers'.
2,460 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 18 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the downfall of earlier 'superpowers' such as Rome and Great Britain, discussing the possibility of the United States of America following the historical paths of the decline and destruction of these former 'superpowers'.
From the Paper
"Central to the decline of empires are a number of fundamental elements that tend to recur with each historical phase. If one were to apply these criteria to the present situation in the United States across a number of fronts, one could easily conclude that America is well on the way to decline.
These basic aspects of decline refer to economic power and greed, political power, including the disassociation of this power from the electoral base, invasive elements for outside the country which sap important resources, internal and external strife and the decline of the moral, social and spiritual cohesion of the society.
In terms of these basic elements there are striking similarities between the fall of older empires and the present-day political, economic and social scenario in the United States. Similar to ancient Rome, America is a world power - an empire - and, like Rome, it is showing classic symptoms of decline and decadence. "
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Globalization, 2006.
Examines the effects of globalization on Russia, South East Asia, Africa and North America.
1,327 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Globalization is defined as the growing relationship of the people of the world and the integration of economies, technologies and some aspects of cultures. This paper explores the ways in which globalization has affected the following regions - the Russian Federation and the neighboring states, southeast Asia, Africa and North America - in both historical and contemporary terms.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Russian Federation and Neighboring States
Southeast Asia
Africa
North America
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The plan implemented in Russia to promote globalization was called shock therapy (Saunders 2001). The plan was first implemented in 1992 and began with the elimination of price controls on the majority of the goods sold in the country. The purpose of the shock therapy strategy was to develop a market economy in Russia quickly (Saunders 2001). Strategists believed that freeing prices and liberalizing trade policies stimulate competition. In addition, privatization was encouraged in an effort to create private property with all its attendant behavioral benefits for enterprises."
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International Environmental Compromises, 2005.
This paper argues that the problems of international environmental compromises must be resolved.
1,865 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the debate over the Kyoto Protocol, an international set of standards regarding environmental issues, that specifically regards the emissions allowed by each nation, which are negatively affecting a global climate change, demonstrates the problem of international environmental regulation. The author points out that disputes in current worldwide groups like the United Nations and regional organizations, such as NATO and the Organization of Latin American States, do not give an optimistic outlook for the world's ability to compromise when it comes to environmental regulations. The paper argues that creating a bureaucratic standard and enforcement mechanism for environmental regulations is going to be an incredibly difficult task;therefore, non-governmental organizations, NGOs, will be the non-bureaucratic movement, which will eventually be the most influential in terms of changing international environmental policies.
From the Paper
"There must be punishments or enforceable measures for nations that are found not to comply. The details of how long a nation has to comply and in what manner it will be determined that they have failed to comply to the standards will take a massive bureaucratic effort, using thousands of hours of research, of manpower on the ground, and then of deciding on a proper method of enforcement. This bureaucratic effort is a huge factor in why the world has not adopted a uniform model of environmental standards-even if a compromise can be reached with all the world's nations, who will pay for the inspectors? Who will pay for bringing the industries up to standard-the nation at fault, or the world community as a whole?"
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The Multinational Force and Observers (MFO), 2005.
This paper discusses extensively the use of a multinational force and observers (MFO) in the Mid-east conflict.
4,525 words (approx. 18.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 117.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the multinational force (MFO) was instituted two decades ago in consonance with the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty to act as an alternative to the International Emergency Force, whose mandate expired in 1979. The author points out that the multinational force had the responsibility of taking the operations at checkpoints, conducting patrols and maintaining observation units along the international borders splitting Egypt and Israel so as to watch for any violation of the provisions of treaty. The paper reviews also the conflict between Israel and its neighbors especially Palestine and relates that MFO style enforcement as a strategy of jobs for peace is beginning in Gaza.
Table of Contents
Reasons for Creation of MFO
MFO Mandate and Agreement between both parties of Egypt and Israel
What are the Benefits that are being Enjoyed by Egypt and Israel because of the MFO Why has the MFO worked?
MFO is Worth Repeating, It could be Applied to an Agreement between Israel and Palestinians
MFO Style Peace Enforcement Could Keep The Peace between the Two Parties, the Palestinians and Israelis
From the Paper
"It has also been agreed upon that in case Jordan decides not to participate in the negotiations, the negotiations would be made by Israel and Egypt. The two governments unanimously agreed to persistently negotiate and in good faith to conclude such negotiations as soon as possible. The agreement was also made that the goal of the negotiations are the establishment of the self governing authority in the West Bank and Gaza so as to promote complete autonomy or power to the inhabitants. The Israel and Egypt had fixed the goal of completion of the negotiations within a period of one year so as to make possible the conducing of elections as expeditiously as possible after the agreement between the parties."
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Nicaragua, 2006.
A look at Nicaragua's progress away from authoritarian regimes towards democratically elected ones.
2,605 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper details Nicaragua's transformation from a dictatorship to a democracy and looks at some of the obstacles the country has had to overcome in order to achieve this transformation. The paper also examines the history of Nicaragua and looks at how its history has affected the style of government in power, as well as how the country differs from other South American nations. Additionally, the paper looks at Nicaragua's economy and its level of prosperity in terms of how these factors influence the type of governmental rule established there. Furthermore, the paper examines U.S. policy towards Nicaragua and the key institutions within Nicaragua that need to be augmented in order to facilitate democratic rule.
From the Paper
"Although these problems are difficult ones, it seems that Nicaragua has managed to survive at least one political storm that threatened to tear it to pieces. The constitutional reform effort--made in late 1994 and early 1995--is one primary example of the potential that the Nicaraguan government possesses. The reform looked to build consensus among the polarized factions within the legislative branch; the executive branch vehemently opposed these reforms, but the Supreme Court ruled on the issue and sent it on the path towards broad resolution. Additionally, the reforms sought to strengthen the powers of the legislative and judicial branches--further moving the nation away from an authoritarian style government. It has also been noted that, "The public debate over the reforms has also helped to build support for the democratic process." However demonstrative this success of the emerging democracy in Nicaragua was, there still remain many obstacles that the nation must overcome if it is to be considered a thoroughly democratic society."
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"New World Order", 2005.
This paper explores the current meaning of the phrase "new world order".
930 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the term "new world order" was first used by then-President George H.W. Bush and his peers in the early 1990s to describe new alignments of power after Communism's initial collapse in 1991. The author suggests that today, the "new world order" is one in which (1) trans-global corporate power is, in and of itself, a "power player" like never before and (2) the U.S., France, Russia and Britain are fighting terrorism primarily from Islamic religious followers. The paper expresses concern that, since 9/11, changing social values include an increased willingness on the part of many American citizens as well as many British, Spanish and other ones who now feel directly threatened by the specter of terrorism, to give up voluntarily many basic rights and freedom such as the use of video public surveillance.
From the Paper
"In essence, then, today's post-911 "New World Order" has become a more scared one - far more scared today, in fact, than when the post-World War II Communist threat was taken seriously. Increasingly, moreover, just as, when in the four or five decades following World War II, the Eastern and Western worlds were polarized against one another (e.g., the United States and its allies against the Soviet Union and its allies, and China and its allies), the non-Islamic and Islamic worlds are now similarly polarized. Meanwhile, as America focuses on Iraq, where no nuclear danger exists, North Korea has developed nuclear arms; Iran is well on the way to doing so, and China remains as formidable as ever."
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The Dominican Republic and the U.S., 2006.
An analysis of the relationship between the Dominican Republic and the United States.
3,346 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the relationship between the Dominican Republic and the United States between the historical period of 1960 and 2000 was long-standing, sometimes mutually symbiotic, but more often than not, was sycophantic in nature on the part of the Dominican Republic and imperialistic on the part of the United States. This paper is concerned with the presentation of how the relationship between the two countries has evolved throughout the centuries and whether it has been for the better or for the worse.
Outline
The U.S. Role
The Dominican Republic Role
From the Paper
"President Ulysses S. Grant's appeal for the Annexation of Dominican Republic is without a doubt, one of the most important documents in the history of the bilateral relations between the U.S. and the Dominican Republic. It explains the position of the American President regarding the commercial viability of the Dominican Republic that the nascent empire looked to gain if able to annex this territory. This request to the Congress was delivered at a time when the Dominican Republic had just become an independent republic. With significant eloquence, Grant's address to the Congress responds to the question of why the U.S. should annex the Dominican Republic. This appeal was followed in December of 1870 by Charles Sumner's speech, who gave a rousing monologue on the Senate floor against the proposed annexation of the Dominican Republic."
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Immigration to the United States, 2006.
A paper surveying the history of immigration laws in the United States.
2,352 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper relates the opinions of various groups on the issue of immigration to the United States. In addition, the paper provides a survey of immigration laws throughout United States history. The paper discusses the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and shows its limitations in dealing with immigration issues. The paper examines the issue of asylum and political refugees as it currently applies. In addition, the paper provides an explanation of how the United States immigration quotas operate.
From the Paper
"Immigration is a subject that creates controversy, with many calling for less immigration as a way of enhancing security and improving the economy, and with others citing immigration as one of the main forces boosting the economy throughout American history. All Americans derive from immigrants, of course, except for the Native Americans who themselves had immigrated across the Bering Strait thousands of years ago. Immigration has changed over the course of American history, in part reflecting conditions elsewhere in the world, while also showing in the legal system how Americans view people from other countries, welcoming some and rejecting others. The issue has become enmeshed in security concerns since 9-11, with calls for reform to alter the number and type of immigrants allowed into the country. Some two percent of the world's population are migrants or refugees, and most lack basic human rights. While the Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognizes a citizen's right to leave a country, nothing is said about rights following the arrival in another country, and often this is a greater problem. More than 100 million people around the world are living in countries where they are not citizens, and another 23 million are displaced in their own countries. In spite of the huge numbers of people involved, constitutions, laws, and governments restrict the rights of these people to move freely, to speak, and to be heard. In addition, the present structure of recognized human rights provides no framework within which the rights of migrants can be discussed."
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The North Vietnamese Army and National Liberation Front, 2006.
A paper on the North Vietnamese Army and the National Liberation Front during the Vietnam war.
875 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper is about the North Vietnamese Army and the National Liberation Front, the forces that opposed the U.S. Military during the Vietnam War. The paper describes how these two groups were disorganized, unskilled and uneducated.
From the Paper
"Contrary to what some historians believe, the North Vietnamese Army and the National Liberation Front during the Vietnam War were anything but an organized and efficient unit, for in reality, these two entities were disorganized, peasant forces that operated under the so-called leadership of the Communists in North Vietnam and their counterparts in the Soviet Union and Communist China. According to A.J. Langguth, the North Vietnamese Army and the National Liberation Front, headed by Nguyen Huu Tho, "were hardly the fighters" which a prominent American journalist had deemed them, for following one of many skirmishes, the troops "had killed only one unarmed farmer who was living with his wife and children in a hut painted with anti-government slogans" (160-61)."
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International Criminal Justice System, 2006.
An outline of a model for a global system of law enforcement and justice.
2,376 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes that an International Criminal Court based upon already existing working models of criminal justice systems could and should be established. Next, the paper examines some of the existing models of law enforcement and explains how they could be expanded and combined in order to create a global system of law enforcement that would supercede the current national systems in operation, rather than be subordinate to them.
Outline
Argument against International System
European Model Already Exists
Lessons from the International Criminal Court
Positive: It Pre-exists Incidents
Negative: It has Limited Jurisdiction
Historically, Global Investigation of Financial
Misdeeds Useful for New Organization
UN Crime Conferences Establish Grounds for Action
UN Already has Mandate
Interpol Already has Experience and Good Reputation
Combine These, Use Facets of Each
From the Paper
"There is a major argument against forming a true international justice agency often cited by opponents, that in creating such an entity, individual states would lose a portion of their sovereignty. However, there are already components of such an agency, from finding and arresting criminals to bringing them to justice, in place. Expanding them, at a time when sending information across national boundaries is instantaneous and universal, seems essential, more essential, in fact, than was the creation of the European Union, once a seemingly impossible concept as well. It was, for example, unthinkable that European nations would relinquish their own currencies in favor of an international standard, at least among those nations."
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The Asian Monetary Fund, 2006.
A paper on the purposes of the Asian Monetary Fund.
3,724 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the purpose of the Asian Monetary Fund and its origins. The paper explains how Japanese Vice-Minister of Finance, Eisuke Sakakibura, originally drew up the proposal, which was tabled until recently. The paper goes on to explain the objections of the United States to the proposal, and the international trade ramifications of creating an Asian Monetary Fund.
table of contents:
What is the Asian Monetary Fund?
What is its purpose?
How does it affect International Trade?
What effect does it have on the U.S. economy?
Why is it important?
Other relevant information on the Asian Monetary Fund
From the Paper
"The Asian Monetary Fund is the reform measure of the International Monetary Fund, amidst severe economic crisis of East Asia, since the Second World War, were considered as too imposing and too stringent. This led many to seriously think of mild reforms to eradicate the possibility of future economic exigencies. Some others inclusive of Japanese Finance Minister Kiichi Miyazawa and South Korean Prime Minister Kim Jong-Pil went to the extreme and argued that IMF is quite incapable of healing the ailing Asian economics. They advocated the constitution of Asian Monetary Fund as an alternative to IMF reforms. The prevailing economic disaster in Asian regions has made the Asian institutions vulnerable to serious flaws as well as their responsive towards informality and consensus. The creation of Asian Monetary Fund was first proposed by Japanese Vice-Minister of Finance Eisuke Sakakibura during the year 1997. (Asian vs. International: Structuring an Asian Monetary Fund)"
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U.S Farm Subsidies, 2005.
This paper discusses the U.S. policies of farm subsidies in relationship to the international agricultural market.
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although the United States provides proportionally less support for its farmers overall than the E.U., it is the second largest supporter of agriculture in the developed world; some commodities, such as sugar, have overall support at E.U. levels. The author points out that evidence suggests that the current U.S. barriers hit the very poorest countries hardest. The paper relates that direct support given to U.S. farmers and the presence of significant trade barriers for certain products means that the United States agricultural production is higher than it would be otherwise, which lowers world prices; moreover, U.S. direct export subsidies, export credits and food aid are likely to have a further depressing effect on world prices.
From the Paper
"This evidence also suggests that the United States Generalized System of Preferences, U.S. GSP, program is not particularly generous with respect to agricultural products, a point supported by some WTO calculations. The estimated gap between the average agricultural tariff faced by middle-income countries, who will largely have GSP terms, and OECD ones, who will mainly face MFN rates, in the United States is only 1.5 percent. A wide range of agricultural products are indeed excluded from coverage under the U.S. GDP, and even the U.S. Africa Growth and Opportunity Act, AGOA, excludes many significant agricultural products."
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