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Mathematics in Business, 1996.
Uses of math, quantitative methods & intuition in financial statements, aggressive accounting, rate of return.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"Much emphasis is placed on using quantitative methods and mathematical techniques in business and economics. Such approaches, it is considered, give additional credence to business decisions and help managers and executives justify their actions. However, objective information must be tempered with intuition and experience in order for companies to realize their full potential, and excellent managers are separate from their average peers by the use of their experience when considering quantitative data. This is particularly true when trying to determine what products to manufacture, or what price to charge, but is also true when making more mundane decisions in business. This research considers the use of quantitative methods and mathematics in business and explores how intuition and experience come into play in the ..."
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Mathematics & Literature, 1996.
Use of poetry & stories to foster children's reasoning & performance in math.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Can literature be used to foster mathematical reasoning and performance? The answer, according to Curcio, Zarnowski and Vigliarolo (1995) is "yes." Indeed, the authors feel that poetry dealing with numbers is a particularly good literary mode for sparking mathematical interest and facilitating comprehension.
An example of how poetry dealing with numbers can facilitate math learning is provided by Curcio et. al (1995) in their description and discussion of children's responses to a poem entitled, "Overdues." In the book, a character owes the library a fine for a book he has not returned in 42 years. Based on their discussion of the poem, children became interested in determining just how much money was owed to the library.
With respect to learning, in their attempts to compute the..."
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Florence Nightingale, 2002.
This paper highlights Florence Nightingale's life not only as a nurse but also as a mathematician.
555 words (approx. 2.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 19.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Florence Nightingale?s work as a statistician upon which the reform of the sanitary conditions in military field hospitals was based. The author points out that Nightingale was the first woman to be a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society, the first woman to receive the Order of Merit and author of the first nursing textbook.
From the Paper
"In 1840, Florence begged her parents to let her study mathematics instead of, ?worsted work and practicing quadrilles.? Her mother did not agree with this idea. Although Mr. Nightingale loved mathematics and had passed this love along to his daughter, he urged her to study subjects more appropriate for a woman. After a long battle with her parents, they finally gave her permission to be tutored in mathematics. This included Sylvester, who developed the theory of invariants with Cayley. She was said to be his most distinguished pupil."
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Construction of Pyramids, 2001.
Reviews application of mathematics by ancient Egyptians in design and construction of Pyramids. 2 Exhibits.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"This research reviews the application of mathematics by the ancient Egyptians in the construction of pyramids. This research focuses on two issues. The first issue involves the mathematical principles that, of necessity, were applied in the construction of the pyramids. The second issue concerns the contention by some people that alien civilizations from outer space were the source of mathematical knowledge required for the construction of the pyramids in Egypt, as the Egyptians of that era had not developed the knowledge of mathematics required for such an undertaking.
A pyramid is a polyhedron whose base is a polygon and whose sides are triangles having a common vertex. The pyramids at Giza..."
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Creation of Horoscopes, 2001.
Hand mathematical calculations vs computer math. Brief history.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"The process through which astrologers cast charts seems to be a mysterious one -? at least to the lay public. The arcane knowledge and the mathematical calculations required to construct a horoscope have made astrology the field of the professional rather than the amateur.
However, the time has come to divulge a trade secret of astrology: While there is certainly a body of knowledge required to create a horoscope -? and both intuition and intelligence are certainly called for -? the mathematical abilities required to construct a horoscope are in fact relatively minimal. The relative simplicity of the technical skills involved in creating a horoscope, and the benefits of personal, hand mathematical calculations over computer-derived ones have become increasingly important as an issue as more and more computer programs are developed.."
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Routing Algorithms, 2002.
An insight to the mathematical algorithms of routing processes in network environments.
2,314 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
A router is used to manage network traffic and to find the best route for packets to be sent. This paper discusses the algorithms available in order to find the best route to destination for these packets in the network environment. The two main algorithms are "Global routing algorithms" and "Decentralized routing algorithms". The paper evaluates in detail these two methodologies together with their bottlenecks and illustrates examples with diagrams, graphs, tables and code.
From the Paper
"In this step, routers should choose the best route for packets to every node. They do it by using an algorithm such as "Dijkstra Shortest Path Algorithm?. In this algorithm, router, based on information that has been collected from other routers, build a graph of network. This graph shows the location of routers in network and their links. Also every link will be labeled with a number that is called weight of link and is also known as cost of link. This number is a function of delay time, average traffic and sometimes simply, it is the number of hops between nodes. For example if there were two links between a node to destination, the router chooses the link with the least weight."
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Benjamin Banneker, 2002.
An introduction to "First African-American Scientist", Benjamin Banneker and his contribution to mathematics.
835 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces Benjamin Banneker, an African American born in 1731, who made enormous contributions to the study of mathematics. The paper discusses his spheres of interest in the field, including clock building, astronomy, tide and weather. It discusses, too, his widely publicized almanac that served as a contradiction to the American belief that blacks were inferior, and his contribution to the building of the city of Washington D.C.
From the Paper
"In addition to creating America's first clock, his studies in astronomy made a mathematical calculations of the stars and constellations, which he used to correctly predict a solar eclipse that took place on April 14, 1789. Furthermore, Banneker was not quiet about this contradiction. Infact, he was a social critic of slavery. Thus, it was this reason and an attempt to promote change; he sent a copy of his first Almanac to Thomas Jefferson."
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Calculus and its Application to Aerodynamics, 2002.
This paper explores some of the different applications of calculus to the field of aerodynamics.
2,525 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper states that the field of aerodynamics could not exist without calculus. The author discusses the most prevalent and widely used equations. The advent of the computer has greatly improved the use of these equations in the field and allowed the field of aerodynamics to become more precise.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Myth about Bumblebee Flight
Turbulence
The Bermouli Equation
Continuity Equation
Navier-Stokes Equations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Math is the language of science. The different disciplines of math relate to different areas of science. Science needs math in order to be understood. Algebra allows us to create sentences using numbers to describe an event. Geometry and Trigonometry help us to describe shapes, and Calculus is the tool for describing change. It can be a change in angles as in vector calculus, a change in rate, a change in speed, or almost any other change."
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Discoverers of the Physical Sciences, 2002.
A paper which discusses how the discoveries of 6 scientists overlapped and influenced one another.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
A paper which considers how the work of Kepler, Newton, Copernicus, Brahe, Ptolemy and Galileo overlapped, how one discovery influenced another and how the work of these scientists helped form the foundation of modern scientific knowledge of the physical sciences. The paper studies the life histories of each of these scientists.
From the Paper
"Galileo was appointed professor of mathematics at Padua, his duties included to teach the geometry of Elucid, and geocentric, astronomy to the medical students. However it is noted that he discussed more natural philosophy and forms of non standard astronomy, this was also carried out in a public lecture in reference to a New Star that had appeared, now known as Kepler's supernova. Galileo also wrote personally to Kepler stating that he was a follower of the Copernican theory, however there was no outward evidence of this until many years later (Field, 1995)."
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The Many Wonders of Archimedes, 1999.
This is a paper about the life and works of the phenomenal mathematician Archimedes.
1,725 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
A look at the different discoveries by Archimedes focusing on what he is most greatly known for - discovering the solution of pi. His approximation of pi between 3-1/2 and 3-10/71 was the most accurate of his time, and with this discovery he devised a new way to approximate square roots.
From the Paper
"Little known details remain about the life of Archimedes who was one of antiquity?s greatest mathematician, Archimedes. Most of the facts about Archimedes? life come from a biography written by the Roman biographer Plutarch. What is known, is that he was born in Syracuse, Sicily in the year 287 B.C., and died in 212 B.C. at the age of 75 in Syracuse. I was able to come up with an astonishing amount of information on Archimedes for this paper. It seems that there is no end to his accomplishments, and I tried not to leave out any of them. "
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The Impact of Newtonian Science, 2002.
A description of Newton's creation of calculus and its impact on the world, both socially and scientifically.
1,825 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper helps to explain and justify the creation of calculus. Isaac Newton helped to solve some of the most perplexing problems the world has imagined, and the method he used in doing so is still used for the same purpose today. Newton?s creation of calculus and ideas of using it to prove the universal laws of nature made human reason the most powerful method of thought and most definite route to seeking the truth.
From the Paper
?In mathematics, a certain surprising thing happens again and again. Someone poses a simple question, a question so simple that it seems no useful result can come from answering it. And yet it turns out that the answer opens the door to all kinds of interesting developments, and gives great power to the person who understands it.? (Saywer 3) This quote from a prestigious professor of mathematics parallels the story of Isaac Newton and his development of calculus. Isaac Newton helped to solve some of the most perplexing problems the world has imagined, and the method he used in doing so is still used for the same purpose today. There is a popular myth that Newton was sitting under a tree when an apple fell from it, and he asked himself what force could pull the apple to the Earth. Whether this story is true or not is uncertain, but the image is clear of Newton getting hit on the head with the apple of epiphany. He used calculus to prove that gravity pulled objects to Earth and held the planets together, and also to prove his world-renowned three laws of motion. By forming this revolutionary method of problem solving, Newton not only paved the way for new roads in mathematics but also changed the way that people thought and sought out answers. Newton?s creation of calculus and ideas of using it to prove the universal laws of nature made human reason the most powerful method of thought and most definite route to seeking the truth.
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Galileo Galilei, 2001.
This paper is about Galileo Galilei and his impact on history.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper details how Galileo Galilei affected history by discovering the potential of the telescope, pioneering new approaches to science, and challenging the authority of the Catholic Church.
From the Paper
"Galileo Galilei was a mathematician, an astronomer, and a physicist who made several significant contributions to modern scientific thought. During his life, he made many scientific discoveries, often in contradiction with the centuries-old ideas of the Greek philosopher Aristotle. These contradictions led to great conflict with the Catholic Church; however, he emerged as a symbol to others who oppose unyielding authority and champion scientific progress. As James Reston?s biography Galileo makes clear, Galileo is a historical figure who affected history by discovering the potential of the telescope, pioneering new approaches to science, and challenging the authority of the Catholic Church."
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