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Chilean Wines, 2002.
A study into the subject of wine making in Chile.
1,250 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper shows how Chile's climate and geography are perfect for growing grapes for wine. It studies laws governing wine marketing and the different types of wine produced. Benefits to Chile's economy are also covered.
From the Paper
"The Chilean climate is very beneficial to winemaking. The Phylloxera root louse, which will devastate a harvest, is not a problem in Chile. Experts believe Chile is a sanitary island bordered by the desert, which is the driest on the earth, the mountains, the Pacific Ocean, and Antarctica to the south. The dry fall and spring weather in Chile's main wine growing region also prevents mildew, which can be a problem in other well-known wine regions, such as California."
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"The Bean Fields", 2001.
This paper studies Henry D. Thoreau's "The Bean Fields" which discusses farming.
1,015 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Thoreau, a rebellious lone farmer who relies on self-sufficiency. It includes excerpts from his book "The Bean Fields" and discusses them. Thoreau did all of the farming on his own and by doing so, he discovered that the Indians had been there before him. It includes economical observations and insights made by Thoreau.
From the Paper
"In ?The Bean Fields,? Thoreau talks about the economics of farming. He says that he planted beans in his field, but that Indians used the land before him and the soil doesn?t have the fertilizer and manure needed to grow the crops well any more. He had helped plowing the land, but except for that, he wanted to do all the work himself. He wanted to be self-reliant. This meant that he would not be able to fertilize the land himself."
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The Climate of the U.S.A. and Canada, 2002.
The following paper discusses the climate of the U.S.A. and Canada, with respect to the climate classifications, its effects on farming and other activities.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses how climate governs the entire ecological structure of the planet earth. The author examines how climate, in relation to the topography and latitudinal location, determines the vegetative types, the hydrology, soil, agriculture, and various human activities.
From the Paper
"Climate represents a long term average of various weather features such as temperature and precipitation. The World Meteorological Organization uses 30-year averages to define climatological "normals" for these various features. Climate determines how resources such as water and vegetation are distributed and, until the onset of technology, climate also determined where people lived and worked. Many factors, such as topography, proximity to large bodies of water, and latitude affect a particular location's long-term climate. It is important to note that because a region's climatology is a 30-year average, significant year to year variability is likely. For example, a particular location may have a dry, warm winter one year and a record snowfall the next year"
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Biotechnology in Agriculture, 2001.
A look at arguments for and against genetic alteration in plants.
640 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper presents arguments for and against genetically altered plants. Those for the idea list benefits such as plants being stronger and less prone to insects, while those against say that the plants would taste worse and might be more prone to giving off allergens. It also looks at current trends in this practice and legislation governing it.
From the Paper
"The issue of whether we should allow genetically altered plants to be cultivated in the United States has been in the news lately. As with most controversial ideas, there are two sides.
"Proponents of the idea see several good reasons for proceeding with such projects. According to Hopkin (2001), one goal would be to breed plants more resistant to insects. This would reduce the need to use toxic chemicals to control those pests. Researchers would insert only a few select genes. They point out that with cross-pollination, the old-fashioned way of creating new strains, thousands of new genes are introduced to a plant at once. They believe the level of control would both aid research and promote safety."
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Colonization of the New World, 2001.
This paper examines how food was one of the major reasons the New World was colonized.
1,540 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The following paper discusses the foods that Europeans discovered in the New World that helped them to survive in their voyages and explorations for gold. The fact that many of these foods could be packed so as to sustain them on their return journeys was equally important. In addition, in order to understand how Europeans saw the abundance of food available in the New World, it is necessary to consider some of the basic parameters of life in Europe during the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries ? the time in which the New World was being settled by Europeans.
From the Paper
"Many things lured Europeans to the New World ? gold, God and glory ? among others. Finding gold made the voyage worthwhile to many as did land beyond measure and the presence of natives that could be both enslaved and saved. But none of this would have been sufficient had the Europeans not found enough to eat here, for even the most gold-enfevered explorer knows that you cannot eat the precious metal."
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Genetically Modified Foods, 2001.
This paper examines the positive and negative impacts of genetically modified food.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the many potential and proven benefits resulting from the usage of genetically modified organisms such as longer lasting and better tasting fruits and vegetables, crops that require less use of pesticides, and improved nutrient content in certain foods. The author also examines specific problems with using such organisms.
From the Paper
"The scientific and social communities are currently engaged in a heated debate about the benefits versus the risks of Genetically Modified foods. The benefits are predicted to aid the agriculture community and humans while the risks are expected to also affect the ecosystem and humans negatively. Two specific examples of GM?s?soybeans and corn---are currently in the forefront in this controversial and unresolved issue."
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World Water Supply in Crisis, 2001.
This paper discusses the crisis that planet Earth is facing regarding drinking water.
3,170 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses where the world?s water sources are located, what classes of contaminants are found in drinking water, how it is processed to become safe for human consumption, and lastly, special attention is given to the problem of lead in drinking water.
From the Paper
"The type of water we generally use in human activities is freshwater. Only 3% of the world's water supply is freshwater and two-thirds of that is frozen, forming the polar ice caps, glaciers, and icebergs. The remaining 1% of the total world water supply is freshwater available as either surface water or ground water; ground water accounts for two-thirds of this amount. Surface water is water that is visible above the ground surface, such as creeks, rivers, ponds and lakes. Ground water is water that either fills the spaces between soil particles or penetrates the cracks and spaces within rocks. Most people get their water from ground water sources. Roughly 9 out of every 10 public water systems. Public water systems operate wells to tap ground water and just over half of the total population served by Public water system drinks water from a ground water source. Millions more get their water from private wells which also tap ground water sources. Ground water systems tend to serve smaller numbers of people, while surface water systems generally serve large populations. The quantity and quality of the world's water supply depends on how we choose to use water. Our use can be consumptive, which means that the water is not returned to nature (such as drinking water), or noncomsumptive. Nonconsumptive use returns water, polluted or not, to the system. Creating hydroelectric power is an example of nonconsumptive use. "
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The Effects of the Brown Tree Snake on Guam's Avifauna, 2000.
This paper examines the environmental damage that has been caused in the island of Guam as a result of the brown tree snake.
2,850 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the effects that the brown tree snake had on the wildlife of Guam. The brown tree snake, accidentally imported to Guam shortly after World War II, appeared all over the island and ended up killing several species of the native forest birds that lived in Guam. This paper is a historical description of the development of the brown tree snake as a plague. It details the origin of the Brown Tree Snake and the terrible effects it had on the island of Guam. Moreover, this paper shows the environmental effects on the development of the Island.
From the Paper
"Determining the number of animal species existing on the island of Guam prior to the arrival of humans has presented a distinct difficulty. From archeological excavations on the nearby island of Rota, scientists have determined that the original human colonists' domesticated animals extirpated many species thousands of years ago (Chiszar et al1997). World War II "subjected" Guam to naval bombardment so severe that some artillery fire leveled some forests (Chiszar et al 1997). After the war, extensive seeding of the island took place with an exotic legume (Leucaena leucocephala.) It permanently replaced native trees over vast areas (Chiszar et al 1997). The fauna of Guam seemed stable until the 1960's. At this time Wildlife authorities noticed the entire absence of birds from the southern one-third of the island. The boundary of the absence of birds seemed to be moving steadily northward. Birds were missing from the southern two-thirds of the island by the end of the 1970's (Enbring & Ramsey 1983). Thirteen years later, in 1983, all 10 forest species occurred concurrently only in 160 ha of mature forest beneath the cliff line at the northern tip of Guam, with a few species still occupying parts of the northern plateau (Savidge 1987). The early 1980's reveals many factors blamed for the decline in Guam's forest birds. Disease, pesticides, habitat loss, hunting, and introduced species evolve as the major suspect reasons. Elimination of the forest's mosquitoes that possibly harbor avian malaria or avian pox brought an influx of pesticide usage. During World War II to the-mid 1970's, the military used pesticides such as DDT and other chlorinated hydrocarbons to kill the mosquitoes (Enbring & Ramsy 1983). Pesticides might have caused declines in the past; therefore, it cannot be ruled out as a cause for the earlier reed-warbler extinction (Reichel et al 1992). Tests conducted in 1981 indicate low pesticide levels on Guam. Pesticides probably were not responsible for the current declines of forest birds (Reichel et al 1992). The years since 1945 have witnessed an increase in weedy species, though substantial native habitat remains in southern and northern Guam. Birds have disappeared from forests that previously supported healthy bird populations (Savidge 1987)."
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Blight of a Nation, 2002.
A look at the conflicting views over the causes and events of the Irish Potato Famine.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the conflicting opinions surrounding the Potato Famine that destroyed Ireland's crop in the 1840's. Some issues that are discussed are: who is to blame for the catastrophe, what could have done to prevent it and just how many people were killed in the famine.
From the Paper
"In the 1840's, a fungus, Phytophthora infestans but commonly known as the blight, attacked and destroyed most of Ireland's potato crop. That is about the only fact that scholars and citizens alike agree upon. Ever since these events, debates have raged over nearly every aspect of the tragedy. One issue, albeit a small one, is what to call the events of the 40's. The hottest battle, as is so often the case, is over who is to blame. Most theories revolve around the British, and range from claims of incompetence to outright accusations of genocide. More modern views focus on the inefficient system of landownership and rampant overpopulation of Ireland. Beyond culpability, is the question of what could have been done to either avert the tragedy or to lessen the suffering of those involved. Even the actual number of people who died as a result of either starvation or related diseases remains a mystery to this day. Certainly, none of these questions have easy answers; however, it is important to examine conflicting points of view in order to develop a full picture of the "Great Hunger" and the people it has touched."
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Globalization and the Food Industry, 2002.
This essay reviews issues such as GM foods and biotechnology as possible problems in a growing global community.
2,570 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This essay explores the results of globalization on the food industry in regards to an increasing global population. It reviews issues such as GM foods, biotechnology, and over/under consumption in analyzing how a growing global community might sustain itself in the future. Also, it discusses the cutting out of small time farmers in light of biotechnology.
The essay concludes that a reassessment of globalization needs to be done in order to sustain civilization.
From the Paper
"In a rapidly developing community such as ours, where economic growth and higher standards of living are replacing the worries of daily existence with goals of material success, our continuation in the direction of bigger and better things has never been doubted. Technology has been a major player in this trend, touching on our lives in nearly every way possible. When one reflects upon technology, one immediately thinks of cellular phones, the internet, automobiles, and various other non-essential aspects of life. While our technological evolution has been a topic of great debate, over whether such advances have led to a push towards laziness and social isolation, one must remember that technology reaches far beyond the spheres of social culture and into the realm of our basic needs as human beings. The infringement of technology on today's food production has, of late, been a rather moot subject, but is nonetheless one that must be addressed as an issue of major concern. Although globalization has often been seen as an advance for the bettering of the quality of life, this is one instance that might prove to be quite the opposite."
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Deforestation in Developing Countries, 1999.
This paper discusses the causes of deforestation in developing countries and outlines ways in which they might be countered.
1,790 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the different types of deforestation and their causes, and suggests various areas in which possible solutions may be found. Both tropical deforestation and dry forest clearing are addressed. Increased population growth, agribusiness, cattle ranching, and small-scale farming and wood collecting are among the reasons given for destruction of forests. Proposed solutions include a discussion of preservation policies, greater economic use of forests currently destroyed, and 'tolerant forest management'.
From the Paper
"The deforestation of vegetation has been carried out for millennia, in all parts of the world inhabited by man. But in recent decades, with the growth of ?green? issues in general, great concern has been raised about deforestation and it?s causes, especially in developing countries, which do not safeguard their forests in the way the west usually does. The term deforestation is vague, which makes it difficult to define, record and make comparisons. But deforestation can generally be divided into two broad categories. These are tropical deforestation (the clearing of dense rainforests, usually for agricultural purposes) and dry forest clearing (where trees are generally cut for firewood (Todaro: 1997). We shall look here at the causes of deforestation in developing countries in all it?s forms, and then hopefully outline possible solutions to the apparent destruction caused to the bio-diversity of plants and animals, and environmental stability. "
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Tomato Research and Information, 2000.
A look at the buying practices and technical information about the vegetable business with a focus on tomatoes.
2,330 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper contains information on the history of tomatoes, buying practices, ways to grow the tomatoes, statistical information, prices, and charts are also included.
From the Paper
"The tomato is native to the Americas. Aztecs and Incas initially cultivated it as early as 700 AD. Europeans first saw the tomato when the Conquistadors reached Mexico and Central America in the 16th century. Tomato seeds were taken back to Europe where they reached the Mediterranean countries of Spain, Portugal and Italy. (1) As the tomato traveled north, it was a mystery to most people. The French called it "The Apple of Love," the Germans "The Apple of Paradise;" but the British, saw the tomato as a food-they at first believed it was poisonous. This same fear was among early settlers in the United States until the early 19th century; but in 1812, the Creoles in New Orleans enhanced gumbos and jambalayas. The people of Maine quickly discovered tomatoes and added it as an ingredient with local seafood. (1)"
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