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Cotton Gin, 2007.
An analysis of the history and impact of the invention of the cotton gin.
1,362 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the invention of the cotton gin at the end of the eighteenth century marked the beginning of American industry in many ways, as it adapted a new technology to agriculture and increased the ability of an industry to produce at a saving in cost and time. It looks at how Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793 and how the principle he employed would then be used in thousands of cotton gins around the world, at one time preparing over 98 percent of the American crop for market.
From the Paper
"The invention also changed the nature of agriculture thereafter. Only a few farmers raised cotton at the time, and black-seed or long-staple cotton was the only viable cotton crop. While the seeds could be removed from this variety easily, the crop could not be raised profitably beyond the Sea Islands of South Carolina and Georgia or more than fifty miles inside the interior of the coastal plain. In 1793, the farmers in South Carolina and Georgia only raised about three million pounds, and by 1811, southern farmers were producing 80 million pounds. Because of the invention of the cotton gin, cotton culture was able to expand to the West (Hurt 93)."
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The Columbian Exchange, 2007.
An analysis of the roots, purpose and significance of the Columbian Exchange.
1,850 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the Columbian Exchange, an accidental byproduct of the Old World coming together with the New World which provided a forum for the exchange of many things including plants, animals and disease. It further discusses how the Columbian Exchange provided a massive transformation of the world's eco-system which had a significant impact on mankind.
Outline:
Introduction
How the Process Began
The Not so Nice Side of the Exchange
Understanding the Environmental Impact
Significance
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The beginning of what is now referred to as the Columbian Exchange arrived during the second voyage to North America by Christopher Columbus and the 1,200 men he brought with him. It was at that time that Europeans arrived on North American soil. This event triggered a massive transformation of the global ecosystem because the arrival of the Europeans sparked the beginning of the two areas of the world sharing and trading flora, fauna and disease(Columbia pp). It was a time in which the Old World met with the New World and neither side was prepared ecologically for the onslaught that the introduction of eco-system elements to the environments would bring. "
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Agroterrorism, 2006.
An in-depth discussion regarding the threat of agroterrorism.
3,430 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
According to this paper, agroterrorism is a particularly dangerous form of terrorism that has the potential to destroy many lives and disrupt economies throughout the world. The paper reviews and discusses the many factors that contribute to the motivations for Agroterrorism. The paper further reviews the possibilities available to protect against the threat posed by agroterrorism including security and additional surveillance.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
-What is Agroterrorism?
-Motivations for Agroterrorism
-Protecting against Agroterrorism
Methodology
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to chalk (2005) Agroterrorism is defined as "the deliberate introduction of a disease agent, either against livestock or into the food chain, for purposes of undermining socioeconomic stability and/or generating fear. Depending on the disease agent and pathogenic vector chosen, Agroterrorism is a tactic that can be used either to cause mass socioeconomic disruption or as a form of direct human aggression (Chalk 2004, vi)." Kohnen (2000) asserts that threat of an agroterrorist event could be contingent upon the following three factors: (1) a terrorist or terrorist group must posses the technical ability to get hold of and deploy the weapon (Kohnen 2000). (2) the terrorist or terrorist group must be attracted to sickening or killing animals or crops as a part of its goal (Kohnen 2000). (3) the terrorist or terrorist group must have the desire to carry out their goal through the use of a Biological Weapon (Kohnen 2000)."
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The AgBiotechnology Industry, 2007.
An analysis of the level of perception of agricultural biotechnology as it relates to the central tenets of the social contract view of society.
5,119 words (approx. 20.5 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 128.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses if the AgBiotechnology Industry is perceived inside the Social Contract frame or not. The paper also discusses the consideration of the perception of social contract theory and the degree to which is it accepted or otherwise; as well as to what extent this perception can be seen to provide possible solutions to the problematic issues of the AgBiotechnology industry and society.
Table of Contents:
Conclusion
Preamble towards a conclusion
The perception of modern technology
Towards an integrated approach
From the Paper
"Despite the view of trust put forward by theorists like Gauther who views trust as essentially a rational part of the of the contractual agreement, trust can also be seen in terms of the integration of the various other factors, such as reciprocity and exposure to knowledge. Seen from an integrated perspective, trust increases and extends the various components of the Social Contract and increases the potentiality towards a positive perception of AgBiotechnology.
Furthermore, trust also suggests a strong social dimension. It is in this sense that the problematics of perception and the variables related to the perception of new technologies such as AgBiotechnology can be reduced, and a more cohesive and less divisive perception of this technology can possibly be achieved."
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The Historical Importance of Water, 2007.
An examination of early civilizations and their dependence on water sources.
1,348 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
The paper examines water's importance in the history of the world, which can be clearly seen in early civilizations and their dependence upon the availability and location of water. The paper explores how early societies structured their city life, agricultural practices, sanitary systems, and even politics around their sources and uses of water. The paper further examines how the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, Hebrews, and the Phoenicians are all examples of "hydraulic" civilizations to varying degrees. The paper concludes that the importance of water can be clearly seen through the locations and achievements of early civilizations.
From the Paper
"An interesting difference between the hydraulic civilizations of India and the hydraulic civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia is the absence of powerful kings and rulers. Whereas the kings and pharaohs of the other societies oversaw the creation of the hydraulic system and forced labor into the construction and maintenance of it, "it is very difficult to square this hypothesis with what is known about the Indus civilization. There is no evidence of kings, slaves, or forced mobilization of labor" (crystalinks)."
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Genetically Modified Food, 2007.
A metadata analysis of the capacity of intensification of agricultural production via genetic engineering to feed a growing population.
16,724 words (approx. 66.9 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the assumption that the gene revolution--represented by the integration of genetic engineering techniques into the field of agriculture--is capable of positively affecting the current human population crisis. The study examines this very ideological assumption that has not largely been challenged in the popular or critical literature on the subject. It then attacks that assumption and illustrates its erroneous base.
Table of Contents:
Chapter One: Introduction and Statement of Problem
1.1 Statement of Problem
1.2 Purpose of the Study
1.3 Importance of the Study
1.4 Scope of the Study
1.5 Rationale of the Study
1.6 Definition of Terms
1.7 Overview of the Study
Chapter Two: Literature Review
2.1 Scope of the Literature Review
2.2 Intensification of Production is Favourable
2.3 Intensification of Production is Unfavourable
Chapter Three: Methodology
3.1 Approach
3.2 Data Gathering Method
3.3 Database of Study
3.4 Validity of Study
3.5 Originality and Limitations
Chapter Four: Data Analysis
Chapter Five: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations
From the Paper
"In order to fully examine that relationship, it was necessary to critically examine literature, statistics, and historical examples that might shed some light on the relationship that exist between food production and population growth. Additionally, studies were consulted that spoke to the capacity for genetically modified foods to increase agricultural production. In all, the range of information required for this study was significant and at times may have appeared to stray beyond the limited scope of genetically modified food. However, in order to demonstrate the manner by which genetically modified food would have its greatest negative impact upon human societies, it was essential to take a broader look at the role that genetically modified foods have played in the intense push to intensify agricultural production year after year in order to presumably keep up with geometric population growth by always generating more food than is needed."
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Precision Agriculture, 2006.
This paper discusses why precision agriculture is beneficial to farmers.
778 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper describes precision agriculture. The author feels that precision agriculture may be the greatest development since the agricultural revolution. The paper then discusses how precision agriculture became possible and the technologies behind it. The author concludes that precision agriculture enables small farmers to survive in a market dominated by huge corporate farms.
From the Paper
"Precision agriculture became possible through the development of Global positioning systems technology and as such technology has increased in accuracy and decreased in cost, as technology tends to do there has been a far-reaching effect. Though the price tag may still seem high the promise of precision agriculture far outweighs the initial output. "Normal civilian GPS receivers have a precision of about 100 yards. A system called differential GPS, which requires a local base station, can provide meter-level accuracy. At these accuracy levels, the technology has found widespread use in the nation's farmland, as part of a movement called precision agriculture. ("Satellite System Can Control")"
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A Country Study of Qatar Today, 2006.
A detailed study of the economy and population of Qatar.
3,851 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
The paper gives a detailed breakdown of Qatar's history and current demography. The paper includes details of the country's political and legal system. The paper further examines Qatar's economy and how it has been impacted by global events. The writer also examines Qatar's business relationships with the international community and how Qatar's gender bias effects this.
Table of Contents:
Page
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"According to Tom Owen, the years since Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani assumed this leadership role have been good ones; during his tenure, Qatar emerged from relative obscurity to play an increasingly important role in the Persian Gulf region (Owen, 2000). The new emir has committed to easing press censorship and pushing for more transparency of government procedures, and he has made major progress in both of these areas; however while such pluralistic initiatives have pleased Qataris, these same initiatives have caused Qatar's neighbors some major concerns (Owen, 2000)."
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Farms in the City, 2006.
This paper argues in favor of a type of sustainable agriculture as presented in Jac Smit's article "Farm the City".
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that sustainability refers to a practice of farming that depends primarily or completely on practices, such as proper planting and rotation of the land without applying materials trucked in from afar to remediate what should never have been damaged in the first place. The author points out that Smit believed that urban food security in the relatively near future could rest partly on locally grown and sold food, with production based on renewable local resources, such as composting in the backyard rather than on fossil fuels. The paper argues that sustainable urban agriculture may become a national defense because even under siege for a very long time, residents of cities would not starve to death.
Table of Contents
"Traditional" Agriculture
"Sustainable" Agriculture
What's Best for the Future?
From the Paper
"Tilman et. al. suggest that sustainable agriculture must be accompanied by advances in energy use, transportation and so on. In short, they do not so much lobby for a scaled-down, friendly, homegrown sort of urban farming Smit outlined; rather, they seem to suggest that more attention should be paid to improving 'big ag.' Still, what they desire for big ag is not entirely without sustainability merit. They suggest multiple cropping systems with crop rotation and intercropping, with two crops grown side by side and simultaneously. That, they note, may improve pest control and water and nutrient efficiency."
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Horses in Canada, 2006.
A research paper on the arrival of horses in Canada prior to the confederation and the impact this had on Canadian life and horse breeding.
774 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the significance the arrival of horses had on Canadian society prior to and during the 1800s and even through modern times. The paper relates that the introduction of horses in Canada impacted multiple aspects of Canadian culture aside from farming and shows how rural and urban dwellers gained significantly. The writer also examines what factors have shaped the modern day Canadian horse breed.
Content:
Introduction
Background to the Problem
Significance of Study
Discussion/Conclusions
From the Paper
"The Canadian Horse today is often considered a utilitarian animal. The breed, a general purposes horse of sorts, offers a perfect solution for farmers, ranchers and other agricultural workers needing a utilitarian breed (Hambleton & Lanctot, 1963). The horse is often considered part of Canada's heritage. Specifically the researcher intends to determine what factors contributed to the arrival of horses in Canada and how the unusually well proportioned breed and docile animal emerged from the masses in the early 17th and 18th century (Putnam, 1952).
Many considered horses a source of power and social activity, as well as pride and prestige within Canada (Hedley, 1988). Horses enabled mechanization of many agrarian tasks and changed the way many farmers and other rural citizens underwent daily living. Researchers have continually explored the ways horses have transformed society both from a cultural and environmental standpoint."
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U.S Farm Subsidies, 2005.
This paper discusses the U.S. policies of farm subsidies in relationship to the international agricultural market.
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although the United States provides proportionally less support for its farmers overall than the E.U., it is the second largest supporter of agriculture in the developed world; some commodities, such as sugar, have overall support at E.U. levels. The author points out that evidence suggests that the current U.S. barriers hit the very poorest countries hardest. The paper relates that direct support given to U.S. farmers and the presence of significant trade barriers for certain products means that the United States agricultural production is higher than it would be otherwise, which lowers world prices; moreover, U.S. direct export subsidies, export credits and food aid are likely to have a further depressing effect on world prices.
From the Paper
"This evidence also suggests that the United States Generalized System of Preferences, U.S. GSP, program is not particularly generous with respect to agricultural products, a point supported by some WTO calculations. The estimated gap between the average agricultural tariff faced by middle-income countries, who will largely have GSP terms, and OECD ones, who will mainly face MFN rates, in the United States is only 1.5 percent. A wide range of agricultural products are indeed excluded from coverage under the U.S. GDP, and even the U.S. Africa Growth and Opportunity Act, AGOA, excludes many significant agricultural products."
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Organic Foods Purchase, 2005.
This paper is an extensive literature review of consumer behavior for the purchase of organic foods.
3,790 words (approx. 15.2 pages), 24 sources, APA, $ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that research indicates that, in the United States, perceptions factors in the purchase of organic foods relating to food safety concerns are environmental contaminants, disease-causing organisms and pesticide residues. The author points out that useful knowledge for anyone wishing to introduce consumers to organic foods is that the consumer would not perceive much risk in food until after he or she has heard about some problem; however, once that happens, it would be likely that they would make biased judgments. The paper indicates that, in contrast to nutrition knowledge, perceptions about attributes of organic foods, such as importance of nutrition, appear to be good predictors of dietary behavior; therefore, consumer information programs must be careful to reiterated nutrition as a "salient attribute" of organic food if they want to be successful in encouraging consumers to behave in a certain way.
Table of Contents
What is Consumer Behavior?
Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior
What is Perception?
Perceived Risk in Food
Price Perception
What are Attitudes?
Willingness to Pay
Resource Deficit Model
Organic Food as a Strategy to Deal with Worries about the Safety and Quality of Food
Consumer Buying Decision Process
From the Paper
"Dean (1999) investigated three factors-advertising cues-he believed affected consumer perceptions (and therefore behavior) concerning product quality, uniqueness, manufacturer reputation and manufacturer corporate citizenship. It is likely the last of this list would have some effect on consumer behavior regarding organic foods, especially. The three cues Dean investigated were third-party product endorsement, brand popularity and event sponsorship. He found that the popularity cue lacked significant effect; also, he found that the three cues do not interact with each other significantly in forming a basis for consumer perception and arguably behavior."
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