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Personal Health Behavior Change, 2007.
This paper attempts to implement and chronicle an applied behavior modification self-efficacy theory to the writer's daily lifestyle in an attempt to promote physical activity.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that physical inactivity has become linked with the alarming prevalence of obesity and related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, colon cancer and hypertension not only in developed countries but worldwide. The author points out that the self-efficacy theory, which is a derivative component of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory, is associated with two other prerequisites for behavioral change - goals and outcome expectancies. The paper relates that the implementation of a behavior modification theory (self-efficacy theory) to the writer's daily lifestyle succeeded in initiating and maintaining physical activity through a structured exercise regimen that was achievable, sustainable and tolerable.
Table of Contents:
Physical Inactivity and Behavior Modification
Objective
Physical Inactivity and Health Behavior Theories
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Appendix A: The Log
From the Paper
"During the middle of the week, the writer had to implement pacing measures to ensure the tolerability and sustainability of the exercise regimen. The transtheoretical model, as previously mentioned, provides a descriptive perspective, as can be seen with the writer's contemplation of his goals and outcomes regarding the exercise regimen created, his taking action and maintaining it through the week. It can also be seen that its utility is somewhat limited in this scenario. The health locus of control can be seen in action as the log details deviations of this locus of control from the writer to what he felt after a few days (i.e. pain) as out of his control."
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Nutritional Science, 2007.
This paper explores the lack of scientific method in nutritional science.
1,159 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at "Nutrition: From Myth and Magic to Science" by Alfred Harper where he discusses nutritional science's short history. The paper discusses how nutritional research lacks a solid and established knowledge base to refute popular hazardous diets and nutritional tips. The paper shows how today anyone can be an authority on nutritional science.
From the Paper
"In the exploding world of global communication, personal information has become an activity of communal sharing. One of the most common human experiences is that of eating: it is only natural then that the channels of global communication, like magazines, the internet and TV, are saturated with ways to prepare dishes along with what foods and diets are the most healthy. Anyone who cares to have an opinion or release a diet has a venue to be heard. However, many of the diets and tips presented through these outlets may be untrue and potentially dangerous. Because of Nutritional Science's short history it lacks a solid and established knowledge base to immediately refute these hazardous diets and nutritional tips. The results: countless fad diets and a general distrust (and confusion) from the public as to what foods and practices of eating are the most beneficial."
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Healthful Chocolate, 2007.
This paper presents a business plan of marketing chocolate as a health food item.
785 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a creative marketing strategy for a chocolate-based health food snack, targeting individuals between 35 and 60 years of age. The paper explains the recent findings of the medical and scientific communities that have confirmed chocolate's health enhancing qualities. The paper relates that the creative focus is centered on the fact that a chocolate-based healthful snack food product is conducive not only to better health but to an overall lifestyle change.
Outline:
Abstract
Project Description and Background
Target Market Description
Target Market Insights
Goals
Obstacles
Focal Promise
Reasons to Believe
Copy Strategy
Tone
Media Channels
Creative Considerations/Mandatories
From the Paper
"The project consists of a new advertising angle for chocolate. The traditional conception as well as the typical advertisement for chocolate has been as a candy or sweet, high calorie food product. However, recent medical and health research has confirmed what has long been conjectured; that chocolate has substantial health benefits (Chocolate, 2006). Repackaging chocolate as a health food item with the associated marketing collateral is the focus of this project."
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Superfoods, 2007.
This paper discusses the superior antioxidant effects of superfoods named mangosteen, acai and goji.
2,970 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 24 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the various phytonutrients and their structures contained in the mangosteen, acai and goji berry. Following this, a detailed discussion is provided on how these various phytonutrients can be applied to health issues ranging from cardiovascular disorders to cancer.
Table of Contents:
Definition of Free-Radical/Oxidation and Antioxidant
Phytonutrient Examination
Mangosteen
Acai
Goji
How Antioxidants Work in Relation to Illness
Anti-Aging
Skin Disorders and Allergies
Immune System
Cancer
Cardiovascular
Diabetes
Weight Control
Cholesterol
Synergy
From the Paper
"The primary antioxidants contained in mangosteen are referred to as xanthone that Rothstein (2006) claims are a new classification of antioxidants. Templeman (2003) describes them as stable "six carbon conjugated ring structures" that can be transported from cell to cell and bind to other xanthones. There are over 200 xanthones in nature, with over 37 having been identified within the mangosteen rind alone. Each xanthone has its own specific purpose. For example, gamma mangostin has anti-inflammatory properties and Garcinone E carries anti-tumor properties."
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Obesity in the United States, 2007.
An examination of the factors contributing to the rise in obesity levels in the United States and recommendations for reducing the problem.
1,418 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the increasing problem of obesity in the United States. It examines the factors that are contributing to the rise in obesity levels and discusses what can be done to reduce these figures. The paper suggests that in order to combat this problem, the United States must provide sufficient high-quality nutrition to all of its citizens, regardless of income level, and stress the importance of exercise.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The researchers determined that a "significantly higher" percentage of American citizens (21%) reported as being obese over the percentage of Canadian citizens (15%). The most significant differences were seen between American and Canadian women, with one in five American women reporting as obese, in contrast to one in eight Canadian women (Sanmartin et al., 2004, p. 12). Americans also reported significantly higher rates of obesity in three of the five income groups. The most significant difference was reported for the lowest income group, with 27% of Americans reporting as obese, as opposed to 18% for Canadian citizens (Sanmartin et al., 2004, p. 13). The report concludes that the health care status is similar between Canadians and insured Americans; however, the differences between the systems are most prevalent in the lower income ranges."
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Technology and Healthy Eating, 2007.
This paper offers a critique of the article: 'Using technology to promote self-efficacy for healthy eating in adolescents' by J.D. Long & K.R. Stevens.
2,910 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the ability to critically assess a journal article is central to the skills required for advanced nursing. This paper presents a detailed critique of the nursing article "Using Technology to Promote Self-Efficacy for Healthy Eating in Adolescents", by nursing professors JoAnne D. Long and Kathleen R. Stevens. Critique details are broken down into the following sections: introduction, methodology and results.
Outline:
Problem statement
Literature review and theoretical framework
Hypothesis/Variables
Methodology
Design
Threats to internal and external validity
Subjects
Data collection methods/instrumentation
Results
Findings
Interpretation/Conclusions
From the Paper
"Threats to internal validity normally are perceived as selection, history, maturation, testing, and instrumentation. Selection threats suggest that those who participated in the control or intervention group have characteristics that differ from those who were not included in the study. There is a possible selection bias given that student were from a school in an undisclosed area of the country, it is unknown whether these were rural or urban youth, from a public or private school or what other variables might affect their level of nutritional, health or independence awareness. History, or the events that happen to students during the course of the study which might affect results, could not be accounted for as all intervention took place in the school setting. Researchers acknowledged they were unable to control for social or family interventions that might run counter to their study goals. Instrumentation, maturation, dropout, and order effects were controlled by researchers directly or through statistical analysis for variance."
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Vegetarians Eating, 2007.
An explanation of the argument in favor of vegetarian diets to improve health.
1,049 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an argument in favor of vegetarian eating versus more conventional red-meat diets and highlights the various health benefits to be gained from a vegetarian diest. The paper emphasizes, not simply why vegetarians are healthier than meat eaters, but also explains why some groups in society are healthier than other groups.
From the Paper
"In an interesting online article, Julia Dombrowski and Jennifer Starkey report that people who consume salads in large quantities tend to have "above-average intakes" of vital nutrients such as vitamin C, E, lycopene, carotenoids and folic acid. The aforementioned twosome, summarizing the findings of a study published in the September 2006 edition of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, also notes that each serving of salad consumed represents among women a "165 percent higher likelihood of (meeting) the recommended daily allowance for vitamin C" and a 119 percent greater likelihood among male subjects (Dombrowski & Starkey 2006, para.). While the evidence is not compelling that high dosages of vitamin C can actually cure cancer, most medical experts are agreed that a healthy diet containing large sums of fruits and vegetables - fruits and vegetables containing vitamin C as well as the other valuable nutrients highlighted above - is an excellent means of preventing the onset of cancer in the first place ("Vitamin C 'helps to fight Cancer'", 2005)."
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Why Do We Eat?, 2007.
This paper identifies the biological, learned and cognitive factors that affect our motivation to eat.
3,101 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the biological, learned and cognitive motivations for why we eat. The paper examines disorders related to obesity and explains how biology, learned responses and cognitive factors can be powerful motivators that trigger a hunger response where none actually exists. The paper discusses the difficulties in treating a person who is eating to satisfy an emotional need rather than a physiological one.
Outline:
Biological Motivations for Eating
Learned Motivations for Eating
Cognitive Factors in Eating
Hunger and Obesity
Eating Disorders and Hunger
Biological factors
Learned Factors
Cognitive Factor Affecting Hunger
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When we use the term "hunger", it usually implies the biological need for food. We know that when we are actually hungry, we get a certain sensation that tells us we need to eat something. However, the actual mechanism that leads to this feeling is not well understood. There are theories that explain the sensation in relation to low blood glucose levels (Kalat, 1995). Insulin production has also been associated with a hungry feeling. Other theories have to do with an "empty" stomach and muscle contractions (Kalat, 1995)."
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The Perfect Steak, 2007.
This paper compares two New York City steakhouses; Harry's Steakhouse and Peter Luger's.
933 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper compares Harry's Steakhouse in the financial district of Manhattan versus the older Peter Luger's in Brooklyn. The paper describes how Harry's caters to a traditional New York City clientele where the dishes are creatively prepared with unique flavourings. The paper contrasts this to Peter Luger's who caters to those who do not care very much about cholesterol, healthy eating and waistlines, but simply want to eat a juicy, fatty piece of beef.
From the Paper
"For a group of people with diverse appetites seeking a comfortable steakhouse atmosphere, Harry's might be more appropriate. The dishes are creatively prepared, with whimsy, even irony. The idea of serving, for example, an entire jar of applesauce with fancy pepper seems almost to be making fun of traditional American cuisine, as it combines unusual seasoning with a staple like pork. Harry's is making fun of the 'real thing.' The real thing, the true and traditional steakhouse, is Peter Luger's. Peter Luger's offers few options for diners seeking lighter fare and a variety of flavorings, but for people wanting to relax in an unpretentious environment and throw any cares about eating in the nutritionally correct fashion, dining there is like taking a trip back in time, before celebrity chefs and cholesterol dominated the culinary headlines."
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Exercise in Pregnancy, 2007.
This paper discusses the benefits of exercise during pregnancy.
1,942 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer studies various research concerning the value of exercise to a pregnant woman and her unborn baby. The writer notes that the benefits of physical fitness and enhanced body image have been enough motivation for women to continue exercise during pregnancy. The writer points out however, that exercise has not been recommended to those of diverse cultural background who have a high prevalence of obesity and overweight. To those who find exercising to be culturally acceptable, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) suggests proper screening in order to avoid extreme environmental conditions and activities, which can lead to abdominal trauma. The writer concludes that experience, opinion and increasing measurable evidence combine to point to the advantages and benefits of exercise before, during, and after pregnancy and as an overall boon to the health to every individual.
From the Paper
"On the other hand, there have been separate and new researches, which reported multiple benefits of exercise during pregnancy for both woman and baby. These include improved cardiovascular function, less weight gain, improved attitude and mood and less difficult or complicated labor, faster recovery and greater fitness. The pregnant woman only needs to be cautious about the type of exercise, its intensity, duration and frequency. The unborn baby also benefits from the improved stress tolerance and advanced neurobehavioral maturity, which exercise can bring. The unborn child of a woman who exercises during pregnancy tends to become leaner and smaller but also has better early neurodevelopment. There have been no studies, which showed that moderate exercise created problems on the developing embryo. Doctors have just probably been playing safe and were apprehensive over the increase in body temperature during exercise as having adverse effects on the fetus."
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Vegetable Consumption and Cognitive Performance, 2007.
This paper studies the association between past vegetable consumption and cognitive performance.
2,931 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that cognitive impairments and decline are often considered commonplace characteristics of aging. The writer points out that the aged population is increasing in America, and it is important that attention and research be directed at how certain age-associated phenomena, such as cognitive decline, could be reduced. The writer examines research that have determined that dietary intake of certain foods and nutrients have a significant impact on cognitive performance. The writer concludes that high dietary intake of vegetables was determined to be associated with higher cognitive performance scores among the aged population under investigation. Further, the writer maintains that the overall health benefits offered by diets high in vegetable intake need to be factored into interventions aimed at the prevention of all age-related illnesses, including cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease.
Outline:
Method
Participants
Procedure
Results
Discussion
Limitations
Future Research
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Since the process of aging is inevitable, what can individuals do to prevent cognitive decline and possible Alzheimer's disease as a result of aging? It is important to focus on prevention and primary care as the most optimal approaches to healthcare for an aging population. Preventative approaches to healthcare result in reduced costs for individuals as well as the healthcare system, as well as increased responsibility and self-reliance on behalf of aging individuals."
"One factor which has the potential to greatly affect overall health, including cognitive performance, is diet. How do the foods consumed by individuals affect cognitive performance? Since mild cognitive impairment has been demonstrated as a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, is it possible to alleviate this risk through dietary intake? Several research studies have determined that dietary intake of certain foods and nutrients have a significant impact on cognitive performance."
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Research Article Critique, 2007.
A critique of the research presented by C. Daborn, L. Dibsall and
N. Lambert in their 2005 article entitled 'Understanding the Food Related Experiences and Beliefs of a Specific Group of Low-Income Men in the U.K.' from "Health Education".
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that, because of the widespread problem of obesity, the research by Daborn, Dibsall and Lambert, which for the first time explores the eating habits among low income men, is a worthy one. The author points out that the selection of a qualitative approach for this study instead of a quantitative approach is justified because the aim of the study was to explore issues surrounding healthy eating. The paper suggests that the consistency of data collection could have been improved if all the interviews were conducted by the same interviewer with strict adherence to the interviewing order, thus controlling for the researchers' biases and preconceptions.
From the Paper
"The interviews were tape-recorded by the interviewers and then put into transcripts in preparation for analysis. An interpretative phenomenological method was used for the analysis of the interview transcripts, and the analysis was led by one of the researchers that had no knowledge of the previous female study. The analytical process involved five steps. First, the three researchers independently studied the ten hours of tape and 281 pages of interview transcripts, and notes were made regarding potential themes for each interview.".
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