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Counter Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare, 2008.
A review of the effort of the United States to combat terrorism and the issue of unconventional warfare.
4,230 words (approx. 16.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 112.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the issue of terrorism as being the most stringent aspect of international politics, since the events of 2001 proved that terrorism is by no means a conventional threat and a conventional war cannot be waged against it. The paper states that it is important that a comprehensive approach on the matter be taken into consideration. The paper further discusses that the United States has been promoting a complex counter terrorism policy which includes the combination of various aspects of foreign policy. The paper focuses on the fact that pursuing a military unconventional warfare strategy in a diplomatic environment will only work, if there is synergy within the United States Government.
From the Paper
"One of the first aspects to be taken into account is the issue of the global nature of the terrorist threat. In this sense, the United States has been widely considered a worldwide approach on the matter. This method of dealing with terrorism is obvious in the 2006 National Strategy for Combating Terrorism. More precisely, the document drew the guidelines for the activities of the US Government in its attempt to address the issue of terrorism. In this sense, among other aspects, the policy considers that action must be taken in order to "advance effective democracies as the long-term antidote to the ideology of terrorism; prevent attacks by terrorist networks; deny terrorists the support and sanctuary of rogue states; deny terrorists control of any nation they would use as a base and launching pad for terror; and lay the foundations and build the institutions and structures we need to carry the fight forward against terror and help ensure our ultimate success" . All these measures are taken in relation to two distinctive paths of action which in order to be effective, must be interlinked and combined. These two directions are the military and the diplomatic one."
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Abuses at Guantanamo Bay, 2008.
This paper explores the documented mistreatment of Guantanamo Bay detainees.
1,593 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews several articles on prisoner abuses in Guantanamo Bay. The paper looks at prisoners' conditions, tortures, military trials and legal reviews that the Bush administration contend are in order. The paper concludes that the situation negates the American image as the guardian of democracy, human rights, justice and fairness and moral leadership in the world.
Outline:
Introduction
Methodology
Literature Review
Analysis and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Guantanamo Bay Naval Station is located in the Oriente Province at the Southeast corner of Cuba. It was installed in January 2002 to hold "enemy combatants" captured in Afghanistan and those suspected of connection with al-Qaeda.
"What has really been happening in Guantanamo? What does it say or reflect about the true crime, justice and violence conditions in the US? It is of utmost interest to any freedom-loving individual in the world to know the answers. The US is the most powerful nation in the world. It has promoted an image as the guardian of democracy, justice and fairness and human rights. The situation in Guantanamo should test that image and moral leadership."
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A Paradoxical University System, 2008.
This paper discusses a paradoxical University system present in the United Arab Emirates.
3,226 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the United Arab Emirates (UAE) represent a most interesting case in the context of modern education. The writer notes that as one proceeds with a literature review designed to address the role played by the university system in the UAE, it is clear that this is a context which should be considered key to the future of a part of the Persian Gulf rife with promise. Indeed, the writer maintains that if the UAE is to live up to the potential suggested by its vast wealth, it must find ways to improve the social and political conditions that overshadow much of the progress implied by its economy. Moreover, the writer argues that the UAE must alter its orientation toward its indigenous population, which it seems often is given short-shrift to the courtship of foreign business students. The literature review here is intended to reveal the current circumstances and future needs of the UAE university system.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Technology and communication have fueled its capacity not just to be a purveyor of a valuable world resource--a disposition which has genuinely seen to the destructive exploitation of so many nations in the 'developing' and 'undeveloped' spheres--but also as a willing and able partner in the implementation of the global trade process.
"Its educational orientation must be led by the central Ministry of Education and the administration of Sheikh Mohammed, which are charged with the duty of ensuring that the students coming out of school are not simply prepared to contend with the complex global obligations of the workforce, but who are additionally oriented to take the UAE forward as a global competitor in the production of innovation. In order to do so, it must, of course, act according to the mores of a global economy, which demands the presence of women in all forms and at every level. An absence hereof may cause a strain on the relationship between this and western counterparts where cultural and social parameters demand explicated equal protections for the rights of women."
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The Guatemalan Coup of 1954, 2008.
This paper reviews the books "Bitter Fruit: The Untold Story of the American Coup in Guatemala" by S. Schlesinger and S. Kinzer and "Modern Latin America" by T. E. Skidmore and P. H. Smith.
1,290 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper examines "Bitter Fruit: The Untold Story of the American Coup in Guatemala" by Stephen Schlesinger and Stephen Kinzer and "Modern Latin America" by Thomas E. Skidmore and Peter H. Smith as they relate to the Guatemalan coup of 1954. The paper explores the role of the United Fruit Company (UFC) in the coup that overturned the legitimate Arbenz government of Guatemala in 1954, the CIA role in this affair and the UFC's relationship with the U.S. State Department and with the Guatemalan workers.
From the Paper
"How many Americans know that the United States Government directly and dramatically interfered with the internal affairs of a sovereign nation (Guatemala) in 1954? And it wasn't a matter of small-time inference, but in fact the American CIA installed a dictator friendly to the U.S., and ousted the existing Arbenz administration. Probably few Americans also realize that this action in Guatemala was not a unique moment in U.S. interference in foreign nation's internal affairs. Indeed, the CIA had orchestrated and carried out a coup in Iran on August 19, 1953. The CIA installed the Shah of Iran into power thanks to a plan called "Operation Ajax" authorized by President Dwight Eisenhower and directed by the same men who carried out the coup against the legitimate government of Guatemala - brothers John Foster Dulles (Secretary of State) and Allen Dulles (CIA Director). The Iranian coup was fully explained in a book called All the Shaw's Men by Stephen Kinzer, the same author who co-wrote Bitter Fruit."
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Recruiting and Retaining Soldiers, 2008.
A discussion of the incentives for the recruitment and retention of soldiers in the U.S. Army.
751 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the challenges facing U.S. Army recruiters today in view of the value placed on civilian versus military service. Demand has increased, particularly in the Reserve, for recruiters as well as for troops.The writer explains that, contrary to public belief, military wages and pay raises are civilian comparable, and both the Army and the Reserve offer substantial bonuses and many side benefits, including payment of education costs. The writer concludes that these benefits, together with the currently slowing economy and new opportunities for recruiters at federally supplemented public schools may raise demand on the part of potential recruits.
Outline:
Price
Prices Set
Demand
Temporary Price Promotions
From the Paper
"Wages or prices are set based on the level of achievement and the time an individual has served. This scale is forthright and potentially exponential, as continuing to serve often offers the soldier significant wage increases that are comparable to civilian work. The problem for many recruiters simply becomes expressing the strict set of regulations that are not always easy to understand or explain, for the recruiter. The determination of starting pay as well as pay increases are determined by entrance skill set (testing and prior education and occasionally civilian experience) as well as years of service to the military."
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China's Impact on the U.S. Economy, 2008.
An analysis of the impact of China on the US economy, specifically interest rates.
1,103 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes China's impact of the United States economy. It first analyzes China's economy, particularly its economic reforms from 1976 until 2006. The paper then discusses the US low savings rate versus China's high savings rate, the purchasing power of the U.S. consumers and how many companies of the U.S. have set up widespread manufacturing operations in China. It also looks at how China has helped in keeping the US interest rates at a relatively low level.
From the Paper
"Due to its low savings rate, the U.S. economy is heavily dependent on countries such as China with a high savings rate, for its foreign capital inflows for promoting growth and funding the federal budget deficit. China has interceded in the currency markets to a great extent for limiting the appreciation of the Yuan. Due to this, China has become the fastest and largest growing holder of FER -- Foreign Exchange Reserves in the world, which amounted to $1.4 trillion as on September, 2007. A large share of its FER is invested by China in U.S. Securities, totaling almost $699 billion on June, 2006 which makes it the 2nd largest foreign holder of U.S. Securities, the 1st being Japan. Almost 16.8 percent of the total foreign ownership of the U.S. Treasury Securities was held by China in October 2007, amounting to $388 billion. Some policymakers of the U.S. are concerned that these large holdings might be used by China to influence certain U.S. policies which they oppose. All this goes to show the stronghold which China has over the U.S. and how it will impact the U.S. economy in the future. (Morrison; Labonte, 2008)"
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Rebirth of Europe, 2008.
A discussion of the book "Rebirth: A Political History of Europe since WWII "by Cyril E. Black, R.D. English, J.E. Helmreich, A.J. McAdams, and P.C. Helmreich.
1,201 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper covers the political history as depicted in the book, "Rebirth: A political history of Europe Since WWII" by Cyril E. Black et al. Specifically, the paper discusses why certain European countries decided to merge their economic policies after World War II.
From the Paper
"There were several factors that led to this decision to band economies together. The authors of Rebirth write, "The divisions of Europe over security matters led to economic alignments that carried important implications for the defense capabilities of each region" (Black, English, Helmreich, McAdams & Helmreich, 2000, p. 58). Clearly, the divisions of east and west and Soviet and Democratic were key issues in forming economic bonds. There were others, as well. After the war, most of Europe was on shaky economic ground. Banding economies together was one way to strengthen them and help economic growth, so it made sense for many countries to create economies in common."
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WWI and the Vietnam Wars, 2008.
An analysis of how WWI and the Vietnam Wars influenced the changes in America.
2,949 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the manner in which WWI, WWII and the Vietnam Wars have changed America. The paper discusses how the wars changed society, how these changes were resisted and what the long term domestic results of the wars were on America. The paper places emphasis not on the conflicts themselves but on the evolving and lasting changes they each had upon society, politically, culturally and economically. The paper looks at each war chronologically and discusses aspects of domestic change. An annotated bibliography is included with the paper.
From the Paper
"The period preceding the entrance of the US into WWI was a period known as the progressive era, the era was marked with demonstrative social change regarding the individual. Many changes were in progress and the general feeling of progressive thinkers was of social peace and individual prosperity and social service networks to support those in the economy who could not do so given the current state of employment, an often low paid sporadic and difficult condition. Political isolation also marked the day with a strong sense of independence and self realization. The progressive era was in direct response to the extreme disparity seen in class divisions associated with the industrial revolution."
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Emile Durkheim and Max Weber on Religion, 2008.
A comparison of the writings of Emile Durkheim and Max Weber, focusing on their views on religion and society.
1,274 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the ideas of the French thinker Emile Durkheim and the German economist Max Weber. The writer discusses how Durkheim was interested in defining and explaining religion as a force that drives people, whereas Max Weber focused on identifying its relationship to other social and economic phenomena. Durkheim believed that religion is the basis of social organization and behavior, while Max Weber did not look at the population as a whole when analyzing its religious aspects, but at each individual. The writer concludes that, although their views differed on how religion influences society, in attempting to establish new rules and view religion from different perspectives they represent, together with Karl Marx, the foundational sociological traditions examining the "institution" of religion.
From the Paper
"Both Emile Durkheim and Max Weber approached religion in order to identify its connections with external forces. While Durkheim looked at religion in terms of a social connection and a social determination, Weber analyzed it from the standpoint of economic development. The approach taken by Durkheim is more complex in regard to the actual religious features as it presents the sacred and profane division of human activities, whereas Weber's approach is more economic and tries to identify a connection between economically emerging countries and the religion practiced by its inhabitants."
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The War on Terror - Threats to Civil Liberties, 2008.
A look at the growing concern at the loss of civil liberties in the US, which are guaranteed by the Constitution, in order to fight the war on terror.
1,024 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the topic of the war on terrorism in America. Specifically it discusses how the American war on terrorism has created numerous threats to civil liberties in the USA. The paper states that many Americans fear the threat of another terrorist attack, and believe the government has the right to take any measures necessary to keep that from happening. The paper concludes that many of the government's tactics threaten the civil liberties of Americans, a topic that is often overlooked in the war on terrorism.
From the Paper
"However, there are many areas where experts show American civil liberties are being threatened or decreased. For example, recent Congressional inquiries and votes indicate the concern over loss of civil liberties when it comes to phone surveillance and records. After 9/11, the US Patriot Act modified many rules and regulations regarding gathering foreign and domestic intelligence. One of the most controversial was the ability to wiretap or listen to phone, wireless phone, and email communications. Before 9/11, there were stringent guidelines on what type of communication could be wiretapped, and suspects who were wiretapped had to be notified if the evidence collected could be used against them in court. The Patriot Act relaxed these rules, making it much easier for agencies to wiretap both foreign and domestic phone calls, with little or no provocation. This means that the government essentially can listen to any conversation they want to, whether they believe it has a relationship to the war on terror, or not, which is clearly a violation of the right to privacy guaranteed in the Constitution (Etzioni 52). A recent bill would have absolved communications companies of any liability in these wiretapping cases, but Congress defeated that bill, indicating the growing concern over the loss of civil liberties."
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Review: Political Organization of Chichen Itza, 2008.
This paper discusses themes in W. Ringle's paper, "On the Political Organization of Chichen Itza." Specifically, the authors looks at the leadership and worship of Quetzalcoatl in Mesoamerica.
1,475 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses three general themes that are addressed in Ringle's "On the Political Organization of Chichen Itza." First, the paper explains that, in contrast to other authors, Ringle notes that worship of Quetzalcoatl is a primary means of Mesoamerican leadership and puts forth the fact that it is more properly viewed as a set of visual symbolism. Next, the paper explains that Ringle states that the ceremonial cores of specific larger cult centers served as a location for this investiture of leaders who wished to attach themselves to the cult. Lastly, it is surmised that Quetzalcoatl cannot be simply defined as a dynastic patron. Rather, leadership was often subdivided, with often some facet of dual leadership. The paper also analyzes the sources used within the work, the overall argumentative structure, and the fact that Ringle seems to contradict known theories on Quetzalcoastl worship instead of supporting them. The author the paper then ends his discussion with a personal reaction to Ringle's paper, stating that through Ringle's paper it can be shown that ritual is a powerful leadership tool, binding groups of people together despite disparate locations.
From the Paper
"In addition, Ringle notes that the UTJ jamb figures have this ornament as well. Likewise, so do all of the figures that are facing the Sun Disk figure that are found on the three faces that are carved on the inner lintel. Ringle further supports his disagreement with Kubler by observing that heron-feather ornaments only occur in the upper registers of the LTJ and the NT. This, he surmises, is further proof that this is an indication of specific rank or segment of warriors who were under the command of the 'Mixcoatl' figure. In addition, the author reminds the reader that among the objects given to initiates in the Quiche chronicles were heron feathers.
"Lastly, Ringle brings to light the fact that in the UTJ there is only one person who is lacking the heron feather ornament. This figure is situated to the left of the table bench carving. Ringle theorizes that if he is the initiate, the individual may simply not have been given his ornament yet, in the depiction. This theory would appear to be further supported by the fact that twin heron feathers are floating just above and to the right of the initiate."
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Nat Turner's Slave Rebellion, 2008.
This paper reviews the book "The Fire of Jubilee: Nat Turner's Fierce Rebellion" by Stephen B. Oates.
1,365 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Nat Turner lead the largest and one of the most successful slave rebellions in American history in 1831, long before the American Civil War took place. However, the writer points out that most of the other facts about Turner's life remain elusive in the eyes of writers and historians alike. The writer discusses that to flesh out the myths and legends surrounding Turner's complicated theology, rebellion, and psychology, 19th century American historian Stephen Oates attempts to provide a speculative history as to the context of the plantation life in which Turner was reared as a slave. The writer looks at how Turner came to view himself as a prophetic figure and lead the fierce rebellion of the title. The writer notes that Oates suggests that Turner was both an extraordinary figure, a man whose rebellion changed the South, but also an ordinary man, who showed amazing courage, intelligence, and brutality in the face of history.
From the Paper
"In his book, Oates portrays slavery and the slave community as a totally enclosing institution, with heavy white control upon slave mobility, intellectually and geographically. This partially explains why more blacks did not rebel with Turner, he surmises. He also examines the empowering nature of slave religion, which originated as an instrument of white control upon slaves, but which also acted as a tool of empowerment for some slaves like Turner, who believed that his visions gave him prophetic status and the right to free his people. Religion and Christianity was a double-edged sword for slaves, preaching meekness when transmitted in the voices of slave-owners, but also a gospel of judgment, where the mighty would be brought low by the oppressed, in the name of justice."
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