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Use of Herbicides, 2008.
This paper looks at the history of the U.S. war on drugs, with specific attention devoted to the use of herbicides as an instrument to overcome Colombia's illicit drug trade.
1,980 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer outlines the controversial topic of aerial spraying or fumigation in Colombia as it pertains to efforts to destroy the country's illicit drug trade. To really understand the issue, however, the writer discusses the lengthy history of narcotics in Colombia, the history of the American war on drugs and the types of drugs that appear most prevalent in Colombia. From there, time is devoted to looking at the issue of aerial spraying, why it seemed like a good idea when first conceived, and precisely what impact it has had upon Colombia. In the final analysis, the writer maintains that aerial spraying seems superficially to be an effective means of thwarting the drug trafficking problem in Colombia, but it may simply be a needless distraction diverting resources and expertise away from worthwhile alternatives.
From the Paper
"The history of the war on drugs is a long and important one, but it is necessary first to place it within the context of the even longer history of Colombia as a major international distributor of illicit narcotics. To begin with, marijuana cultivation in Colombia first emerged during the initial decade of the twentieth century. By as early as the 1930s, some cultivation was taking place among the Costeno black population on Barranquilla and urban criminals located in this territory were routinely smoking marijuana. Additionally, during the course of the Second World War, hemp cultivation muscled its way to the forefront courtesy the growing demand for large-scale fiber production as one part of the much larger war effort. Finally, by the latter part of the 1960s and by the early 1970s, marijuana production in Colombia became a fairly huge and lucrative industry in response to a growing demand for such a good in the United States."
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Poverty and Policy in Canada, 2008.
This paper looks at how the writer's attitudes towards poverty have changed after reading the first four chapters of "Poverty and the Modern Welfare State" by Raphael, Dennis.
1,272 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores some of his previous misconceptions held regarding poverty and policy in Canada and also details how this course has produced a reconsideration regarding his hitherto unshakable faith in globalization and in free markets. The writer delves into a personal opinion of what it means for Canada that so many groups and individuals are poverty-stricken and further asserts why it is that the GINI coefficient detailed in the textbook is the most effective measure for gauging poverty insofar as it crystallizes how so many Canadians are falling behind in an ostensible age of plenty. The writer concludes that the troubled groups discussed in chapter three are not poor because they choose to be but because our society has done a poor job of "spreading the wealth" - and an even worse job of acknowledging the reality of widespread poverty.
From the Paper
"When I first began this course, I was, by my own admission, a pretty naive person when it came to poverty in Canada. For one thing, I did not really consider poverty to be a serious or pervasive problem in this land; I also did not appreciate just how pervasive has become child poverty. Moreover, I must say that I never really considered the serious democratic threat that poverty represents; to put it another way, the most disenfranchised people in our society are invariably the poorest, and that is something most Canadians, myself certainly included fail to appreciate when we complain about low voter turnout at election time or when we complain about the relatively low participation rates of some groups. One other belief I held as I entered the course was the curious belief that there is no correlation between government "tolerating" poverty and high poverty rates; rather, I clung to the fiction that, as long as a society embraced equal opportunity for all, poverty rates would never climb relative to other societies that, on the surface, seemed less ideologically committed to the old view that people could achieve anything - as long as government stayed out of their lives and as long as they were prepared to work tirelessly towards a long-term goals."
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Prison Reform Sanctions, 2008.
This paper discusses whether intermediate sanctions are a better alternative than traditional incarceration.
1,578 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer notes that in the United States, there are two types of prisons: public, paid for by taxpayers, and private in which business and industry run prisons for capital gain. The writer maintains that although public prisons are far from perfect, they appear to be a better alternative than private sector prisons. Since both have major flaws, alternative sanctions must be explored when examining the issue of prison reforms. The writer then discusses that there are many valid alternatives to public and private prison incarceration, which may be as effective in reforming the offender. The writer concludes that alternative sanctions appear to be effective options to long prison terms and may reduce recidivism rates, while saving American taxpayer money.
Outline:
What is the Current Condition of Prisons in the United States?
What Alternative Sanctions are Available?
From the Paper
"Although safety may be a factor in private prisons, the efficiency level at which these facilities are run appears to be above that of public prisons. One study actually found that the incarceration length of an average inmate in a private prison is less than half that served by an inmate in the public sector.
"As stated, private prison systems are very cost effective, often 5 to 15 percent below public prison costs of operation. However, the failure to rehabilitate prisoners in a productive manner may cost society a bigger price in the end."
"Overall, although private sector facilities house less dangerous inmates, these prisons appear to be a more dangerous environment due to the lack of staff on duty. Although public prisons are far from perfect, they appear to be a better alternative than a private sector prison."
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Mill's Utilitarianism, 2008.
This paper explores John Stuart Mill's approach to utilitarianism.
1,335 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that utilitarianism is based on the pursuit of pleasure. The paper then focuses on Mill's belief that it is not the quantity of pleasure that is important, but rather the quality of that pleasure, both on the individual and the social level. The paper explores the implications of this approach and analyzes its merits and drawbacks. The paper reveals that there are significant flaws in Mill's approach that undermine the effectiveness of the proposal specifically and utilitarianism in general.
From the Paper
"Utilitarianism has become all but synonymous with John Stuart Mill, not surprisingly since he literally wrote the book on the subject. In Utilitarianism, Mill (1861) writes, "It is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied; better to be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied" (p. 153). This is a central point in Mill's philosophical and ethical approach, one that has significant implications for utilitarianism. An examination of the merits and drawbacks of this position reveals that there exist significant flaws in Mill's approach, flaws that undermine the effectiveness of the proposal specifically and utilitarianism generally."
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Max Weber, 2008.
This paper reviews Max Weber's classic "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism".
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Max Weber's "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism", just 150 pages, has been his most influential words. The author points out that, in this breakthrough study, Weber analyzed the relationship between the spirit of abstinence and self-denial that was at the core of ascetic Protestantism and emergent spirit of industrial capitalism. The paper relates that Weber argued that the modern capitalistic spirit was drawn in large part from the intellectual and cultural background of religious creeds, particularly Calvinism. The author underscores that Weber thought that Calvinism produced a mindset suited for involvement and success in business ventures.
From the Paper
"Weber observed that capitalism imposed the "calling" on the modern worker, while Protestantism induced it form the medieval worshiper. Asceticism helped to create the "tremendous cosmos of the modern economic order." Today, this mechanistic capitalist order dictates the lives that people live. Their attachment to material goods has become "an iron cage." Goods control the individual. At the same time, the spirit of religious asceticism has been lost. It "has escaped from the cage." Whether this was a final escape or not Weber cold not say."
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John Locke, 2008.
An overview of the beliefs of John Locke.
736 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses John Locke's belief in a social contract and his belief that government should protect the natural rights of life, liberty and property of its people.
From the Paper
"Locke is cited to be the first British Empiricist. He believed that government was only legitimate if it had consent from the people. Locke also believed that government protected the natural rights of life, liberty and property. If the people did not give consent to the government then there was no legitimacy and they had a right to rebel against the government that was imposing its will. Locke believed that there was a social contract between government and the people to govern in the way the people wanted. This paper will discuss Locke's belief in a social contract and his belief that government should protect the natural rights of life, liberty and property of its people (Locke, 1980, p. 9)."
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Parental Discipline, 2008.
This paper discusses the perils of spanking as a disciplinary method.
1,522 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that as recently as the 1950s, parents were fierce champions of spanking as a form of child discipline. The writer then points out that since then, a large crop of studies on child psychology has surfaced, with a considerable number of them concluding that spanking breeds detrimental results, and that non-physical discipline is far more likely to cement the desired long-term positive behavior. The writer argues that Sally Lieber's proposed bill, even if it never passes into law, opens up a topic that many parents do not wish to discuss. The writer concludes that it is hoped that this discussion, which aimed to pinpoint some of the sexual and behavioral risks involved in the practice of spanking children, will entice one to abandon this undignified and humiliating practice.
From the Paper
"Children, naturally, imitate the behavior of elders and authority figures, and caregivers must remember that their sons and daughters will one day become husbands and wives, mothers and fathers, etc: that is, the children will likely imitate the behavior of their own parents when they, too, have children of their own. The family, then, is entrusted with instructing a child in life skills, and one's ability to deal with conflict in one of the more important of these skills. As such, kids who learn to address conflicts with the use of the open hand or clenched fist are, consequently, more likely to develop aggressive or violent behavior. What more, spanking sends a clear message about human relationships, and that message will likely include the understanding that it is perfectly justifiable for the strong to intimidate and dominate the physically weak, the small, or the helpless ..."
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Is Wire-Tapping Constitutional?, 2008.
This paper argues that the wire-tapping program of the United States government is necessary in today's world.
3,257 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the provisions of the United States Constitution as well as pertinent federal statutes that are affected by wire-tapping. The paper looks briefly at previous decisions of the United States Supreme Court vis-a-vis government wire-tapping. The paper argues that a solution to government wire-tapping is for a constitutional amendment to be passed authorizing its use - but only if specific criteria are satisfied. The paper then discusses the social implications of the proposed solution.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of the Constitutional Issue
Research on the Issue: Federal Statutes and Court Precedents
Proposed Solution with Supporting Argument
Social Policy Implications of Proposed Solution
From the Paper
"The constitutional issue at the heart of the ongoing controversy over the government wire-tapping initiative comes down to Article II of the United States Constitution. Among other things, this article gives the President the power to serve as Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy as well as the authority to preside over the militia of the nation's states; he or she also has the power to make treaties and these treaties are binding as long as two-thirds of the Senate is in accord. In the overview, Article II appears to give the President considerable scope or latitude in the realm of national defense. With this in mind, it may be argued that the White House's wire-tapping initiative is validated by the explicit obligation the President has to protect the well-being of the nation in times of peril."
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Rhetoric of the War on Terror vs. the Cold War, 2008.
An analysis of the power of the definition of terms such as "Cold War" and "War on Terror."
1,288 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the rhetoric and arguments that surround the Cold War and the War on Terror. It discusses how the definition of terms such as "Cold War" or "War on Terror" has a large impact upon how these wars are viewed. The paper argues that those who define and utilize the terms, primarily governments, often do so with ulterior motives, with the understanding that the one who controls the definition also controls the methodology of approach and influences public attitudes.
From the Paper
"The orthodox interpretation of the Cold War, for instance, stated that the beginning of the Cold War can be traced to the Soviet attempt to expand its sphere of control into Eastern Europe. This theory notes that the Soviets violated treaties made during the war to limit its reach. Thus, the U.S. is portrayed as acting in a purely defensive way to protect itself and stem the expansion of communism worldwide, through such strategies as the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan. This standard view of the Cold War, which certainly had much evidence in its favor, began to be questioned in the 1960s, as the failure of the Vietnam War, then a major theater of operations in which the U.S. faced off the communist expansion, became impossible to ignore. Some writers around that time began to argue that the U.S. itself was an "empire" with global reach, not unlike many other empires throughout history, and thus was not solely in a defensive position against its opponent. More recent writers, notably Noam Chomsky, make a similar argument. Related to this critique of U.S. actions is the argument that the U.S. economic motivation, to force all nations in the world to open themselves to U.S. trade and economic influence, is also a source of worldwide conflict and opposition, both during the Cold War and during the current War on Terror (Richelson and Evans)."
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Information Systems and Security, 2008.
This paper critically examines the information systems of the United States with regards to the struggle against terrorism.
2,977 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and looks at how the United States' information systems fail to meet the tests of universality and of platform and operating systems compatibility. The paper then looks at how border security and the war against bioterrorism have been facilitated by cutting-edge technologies that are compromised by the same interoperability issues. The paper concludes that the failings of the DHS is proof that a more streamlined, centralized data-gathering and data-exchange process is needed.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Information Systems and Standards Universality, Oversight and Compatibility: the Case of the United States Government
Federal Information Systems and the Border
A brief Look at Federal information Systems and Bioterrorism
Future Vision
Conclusions/Summary
From the Paper
"A Government Accountability Office Study conducted in June of 2005 found many problems with the information system in place at the Department of Homeland Security - problems that clearly reveal logistical and planning problems that must be overcome both in the public and in the private realms if the terrorist threat is to be appreciably reduced. To begin with, if the DHS is to be held up as an example, the United States government has done a desultory job of putting in place universal information security practices and controls. Things like a proper risk assessment, security plan, a regime of security tests and evaluations, remedial action plans, and a structure for the continuity of operations have (in one way or another) fallen short of expectations or have simply been absent (Government Accountability Office, 2005)."
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The Russian Revolution of 1917, 2008.
A comparative book review of John Reed's 'Ten Days That Shook the World', Edward Carr's 'The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1923,' and Robert Service's 'Lenin: A Biography'.
2,339 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This comparative book review compares and contrasts three books about the Russian Revolution of 1917: John Reed's 'Ten Days That Shook the World', Edward Carr's 'The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1923,' and Robert Service's 'Lenin: A Biography'. The writer notes that these books have been selected for comparative review because they provide a broad range of perspectives on the revolution. The writer points out that all three authors agree that successful revolutions require leaders of charisma who can personify the ideology, revolutionary sentiments, and political aspirations of the citizenry. They agree as well that in the critical autumn of 1917, Lenin possessed these qualities in abundance. The writer concludes that despite their different perspectives, all three authors agree that through his leadership, Lenin forced his political enemies and rivals to react to what he was doing instead of vice versa, and in turbulent and unpredictable revolutions, that is a decisive advantage.
From the Paper
"But because Lenin recognized that political, economic, and social conditions in Russia had not developed enough to attempt a proletarian revolution, he focused his efforts on developing a class consciousness in the Russian proletariat. Lenin and Russian Marxists understood that once this proletarian consciousness was developed, the proletariat would understand the need to destroy bourgeois culture elements such as religion, private ownership of property, the corrupt legal system, and the capitalist economic system. Consequently, they knew that many political, economic, and social changes would need to be made in the aftermath of a successful proletarian revolution, and that this would require ruthless determination because strong resistance would be inevitable."
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