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Wealth and Democracy, 2008.
This paper provides a review of Kevin Phillips' book, "Wealth and Democracy: A Political History of the American Rich".
1,255 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Kevin Phillips' book, "Wealth and Democracy: A Political History of the American Rich", examines the impact wealthy Americans have had on politics since America's colonial days in the eighteenth-century. The writer points out that the author's purpose in writing this book was to analyze the interaction between American governance and the accumulation of wealth. The writer also discusses that Phillips warns that such interaction have undermined the functioning of democracy to such an extent that our system of government resembles a plutocracy much more than it does a democracy. The writer concludes that the greatest strength of this book is its comprehensiveness and that readers should agree with Phillips' theme and conclusions despite the complex format of his book.
From the Paper
"The logic behind the topics of the chapters is based upon Phillips' intention to systematically reveal and analyze the interplay between politics, finance, and economics. For the most part, the chapters go together well to form the book, but coherence is lost at times because there is so much material to cover and the dynamics are so complex. The fit between the thesis of this book and the logic of the book's organization is not perfect by any means, but the historical, economic, political, and social scope of Wealth and Democracy is so broad that its organizational format had to be flexible in order for Phillips to support his thesis from all of these perspectives.
"Phillips places his work into the historiography of American politics and government by making a convincing case that democracy in this country has never really existed as the Founding Fathers intended it to exist."
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Distinctive Cultural Region, 2008.
This paper looks at the religious and political ties in eighteenth century Quebec that turned that part of Canada into a distinctive cultural region.
808 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Quebec is unique within English-speaking North America because it is a large, self-contained geographical region that is characterized by a strong, if no longer overwhelming, French-speaking presence and by a culture that is still informed by Roman Catholicism. With this in mind, the writer looks at how the religious and political ties of eighteenth century Quebec (Upper Canada as it was known then) into a distinctive cultural region that remains distinctive even today. In so doing, the paper emphasizes how religion became a means of producing a society that was highly hierarchical even by the standards of its time - and how politics reinforced these unbending class cleavages. The writer explains that to understand why Quebec today is different from its Anglo counterparts, one must understand how religion and politics worked together more than two hundred years ago to create the French Canada of today.
From the Paper
"During the seventeenth century and, by all accounts, into the eighteenth century, as well, these religious orders sought to convert the indigenous peoples to the Roman Catholic faith. As an example of just central the Roman Catholic Church would be to eighteenth century French Canada, it is instructive that the priests actually pre-dated the farmers or habitants who would later be charged with trying to make the inhospitable lands of the area yield sustenance fit to maintain a thriving colony. Be that as it may, one should not be left to think that Roman Catholic French Canada in the eighteenth century was entirely under the sway of the Church and its stern injunctions; to wit, while the people of Lower Canada were, by and large, devout and pious, there were never as many priests around as the Church would have liked and creeping secularism was always a threat to the social fabric."
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Equality in Japan and China, 2008.
This paper discusses the influence of western civilization on the social status of women in Japan and China.
2,786 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the role of women in Japan and China has undergone a significant change due to the profound influence of Western culture in these Asian countries. This paper examines the history of the social status of both Japanese and Chinese women, and looks at how that status has changed and evolved over the years as the West has imposed its values on both countries' citizens. The writer argues that Japanese and Chinese women have experienced both positive and negative outcomes in social equality due to the impact of Western civilization on these two Eastern powers, however, the positives far outweigh the negatives.
Outline:
Introduction
Japanese Women prior to World War II
Post World War II Japanese Women
Chinese women and their status after the influence of Western culture
The Social Equality of Japanese and Chinese Women
Negative social outcomes due to Western influence
Japan
China
Refuting the Negative Social Outcomes Due to Western Influence
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Overall, women in Japan and China today experience much more social equality than their mothers and grandmothers ever did. Each great Eastern power was under the influence of Confucius and the old customs that made women subservient to their husbands, and even to their eldest sons.
"Since Western standards of gender equality have encroached the East, women in both Japan and China have had a much greater opportunity for education. This is evident in the sharply increased female enrollment at the university level in both powers."
"The glass ceiling for women not only exists for women in Japan and China, but also is still an issue in the United States. Nonetheless, there are increased opportunities within the work place due to higher academic achievement among Japanese and Chinese women. Women are now in government offices in both powers and greater opportunities will no doubt abound in time."
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Why are so Few Women Participating in Politics, 2008.
An overview of women's participation in the world of politics.
2,338 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the issue of women participating in politics and argues that the suffragettes had it the wrong way around as the fact of women being able to vote did not suffice to bring about gender equity in society. This author explains the necessity to change society radically, from its ideological foundations upwards, which will result in an equalization of material conditions for the sexes, and in turn, manifest as equivalent levels of political participation.
From the Paper
"It is necessary to preface this argument with an important caveat, so that we are not working from a basis of simplistic over-generalizations. The first thing that should be borne in mind is that globally, levels of female participation vary. As noted by Oyewumi (2005):
The worldwide ... male dominance in all spheres of human endeavour is normally negatively correlated with women's participation in politics. The higher the level of male dominance in society, the lower women's participation in politics. Put another way, it is assumed that in any given society, the more equal ... women are to men, the greater their political participation, and the greater their political participation the more equal they are. (p. 1)
Oyewumi (2005) concedes that this is a chicken and egg situation, but argues that improved material conditions for women (such as more access to education) will lead to greater political participation. However, many societies in Africa still incorporate vast differences in material conditions for men and women. Accordingly, Oyewumi (2005) notes that the level of female participation in politics in Africa tends to be low, with some notable exceptions. While this provides the basis for a sociological or materialist explanation of low participation by women in politics in Africa, it fails to adequately account for the low participation of women in politics in the Global North. While full equality has yet to be achieved, the fact is that many doors are open to women, that were never open before. How then do we account for this apparent anomaly?"
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Politics and the Rome Olympics, 2008.
This paper discusses the politics involved in the 1960 Olympic Games held in Rome.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the politics surrounding the 1960 Rome Olympics and examines how these externalities shaped the way in which history will remember the Games. The paper also looks at why the Games were so vitally important to Italy at the time - and why the Games, perhaps in a fashion unknown at the time, contributed to the burgeoning feminist movement. Finally, and most importantly, the paper looks at the role the Cold War played in making the 1960 Rome Games substantially different from any Olympic Games that had come before it. In particular, time is devoted to looking at how the Olympic Games of 1960 signaled to a mass American audience that the notion of automatic American superiority was no more; the medal haul of the Soviet Union that year was compelling proof of such. Ultimately, the 1960 Rome Olympics saw broader developments in the wider world reflected in significant changes on the medal podium.
From the Paper
"The 1960 Rome Olympics was significant, in part, because it underscored the position of Italy at the dawn of the 1960s. To wit, the country was awarded the 1960 Rome Olympics chiefly because of its economic progress since 1945 and because of its legitimate place as a member of the "Capitalist West;" there is also the general sense that the country was given the bauble of the Games because of its political progress since the end of the Second World War; as an addendum, it should be noted that the Games were very important to Italians, or at least to their leaders, inasmuch as the country struggled after the close of the Second World War with a reputation for being politically unstable and even "anarchic". From a purely economic stand-point, the 1960 Rome Olympics were important to Italy because the country, whatever economic gains it had made in the previous 15 years, was still woefully dependent upon tourism."
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Privatization of Water, 2008.
Compares and contrasts two articles on the privatization of water: Water Is a Human Right" by the Council of Canadians' Blue Planet Project and Joshua Ortega's "Water Wars: Bottling up the World's Supply of H2O".
1,058 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer looks at the articles "Water Is a Human Right" by the Council of Canadians' Blue Planet Project and "Water Wars: Bottling up the World's Supply of H2O" by Joshua Ortega. The writer notes that the two articles share a common theme: that the privatization of drinking water resources is harmful and dangerous. The writer discusses that authors differ, however in how they appeal to readers, the techniques employed to create common ground with their audience, the political/economic philosophy employed and solutions suggested.
From the Paper
"Ortega also uses an analogy between the oil crisis and an impending water crisis. He attempts to frighten readers that future wars over water will be far worse than today's over oil. He refers to the scandal-ridden former energy corporation Enron several times. Neither author acknowledges opposing points of view. It could be suggested that governments can regulate privatized water companies or that competition among such companies could lead to more and cheaper water - the idea behind free market capitalism.
"The authors differ in the techniques used to promote reader action. Ortega suggests a set of primarily feel good options for American consumers - all within the context of America's democratic process. The C.C. speaks to what organizations can achieve than what individuals can do."
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The EU and the European Central Bank, 2008.
This paper examines the implications of the Euro in respect to monetary policy in Europe.
2,027 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the EU's success at integrating monetary policy through the European Central Bank (ECB) as well as economically within the context of a single currency. The paper explains how the Euro has been not only functional, but effective at stabilizing macroeconomic forces within the EU and enabling the EU to approach the international community as a unified force. The paper also looks at the impediments to further economic and political integration of the EU model and concludes that the EU has performed fairly well in an often fractious environment.
Outline:
Overview
The EU and the European Central Bank
EU Monetary Policy
Exchange Rates
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The European Union (EU) has, since its inception, fostered much debate regarding its ultimate success at integrating monetary policy through the European Central Bank (ECB) as well as economically within the context of a single currency. Yet, despite all the debate, the EU finds itself not only functioning but expanding: "European Union enlarges from 15 to 25 members and tries to write itself a first-ever European constitution" (Dale, 2003, para.2). The EU as a political and economic model has its conception in the Maastricht Treaty of 1992 when a union of European states was formalized into the EU; however, the idea of a unified Europe has its roots in the period following World War II when a cohesive European Community was sought to aid in recovery (Harrop, 1998)."
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"An Inconvenient Truth", 2008.
This paper discusses the documentary film "An Inconvenient Truth," presented by Al Gore.
2,030 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper is of the opinion that "An Inconvenient Truth" is an excellent film, primarily because it manages to get its message across. The paper relates the main message of the movie, that global warming is real, that humans play a significant role and if we continue to neglect what is happening, the future could bring catastrophe on a global scale. The paper discusses how and why global warming has become a political issue.
From the Paper
"The film chosen for the analysis is "An Inconvenient Truth". This is a documentary film made in 2006, directed by Davis Guggenheim and presented by Al Gore, the former Vice-President of USA and a US presidential Candidate. The film deals about global warming and climate change and it presents and explains to the public a crisis that impacts and will impact us all. This film, although not a Canadian production, was chosen for several reasons. First climate change and global warming is a global issue, affecting all people on Earth, regardless of their nationality, religion or social status. It is also a Canadian issue because Canada is a part of this global community but it also a Canadian issue because of very specific environment in the north of this country."
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Racism and the Judicial Process, 2008.
This paper argues that the judicial process does not result in racial discrimination.
1,033 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the argument that the judicial process is to blame for the large percentage of African-American prison inmates in the USA. The writer argues against the idea that the large number of African Americans in jail is due to racism in the judicial system. The writer maintains that it is not the judicial process that is to blame. The writer concludes that it seems likely that more African Americans are arrested and later put in prison simply because more African Americans commit serious crimes.
From the Paper
"It supports the argument that more African-Americans are arrested and put in jail simply because they commit more serious crimes. It cannot be because of bias at the arrest stage, because the data shows that African-Americans are less likely to be arrested. It is of course possible that African-Americans are discriminated against later in the judicial process - for example, at the sentencing stage. However, we can conclude that their race does not make them more likely to be arrested in the first place, at least in the three crimes of rape, robbery and assault. D'Alessio and Stolzenberg sum it up as follows .. "
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"1984" and Today, 2008.
This paper explains the relevance of George Orwell's "1984" to contemporary politics.
1,452 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Orwell's description of an ongoing moral looseness; a determination to carry out orders without regard for human life. The paper then discusses how Sudanese militias are murdering refugees in the name of their nation and their faith and American soldiers behave as sadistic monsters. The paper emphasizes how in the twentieth century, George Orwell's "1984" continues to function as a blueprint for ideological evil.
From the Paper
"First published in 1949, George Orwell's 1984 continues to function as a blueprint for ideological evil. The monstrousness of Stalinism and Nazism, which in Orwell's day were very active political disasters, fuelled the author's insights. Since World War II, the terrors of spastic ideology and hyper-violent complacency occur in many effective dystopian novels (such as Burgess' seminal A Clockwork Orange)but what sets 1984 above Burgess' book is its comprehensive understanding of the moral failure implicit in any totalitarian state; from the intimate nature of Winston Smith's brainwashing in Room 101, to his interrogator's demands for a belief that suits Big Brother, the reader gets a full understanding of how tyrants shape the thinking of a populace through Doublethink."
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Locke and Government, 2008.
This paper looks at John Locke's concept of government as a trust.
943 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how John Locke conceives of government as a trustee, exercising power for the benefit of the society in general. The paper discusses Locke's "Second Treatise on Government" and how a critical requirement of goverment for Locke is that the power of government can never extend farther than the common good, and to be directed to no ends but the peace, safety, and good of the people. The paper concludes that Locke set the foundation for much of the political theory of western democracies.
From the Paper
"A trust is a legal arrangement under which one person (or entity), a trustee, exercises power over property for the benefit of someone else, the beneficiary. This power must be exercised for the benefit of the beneficiary in keeping with the concept of fiduciary duty (Black, 1680). John Locke envisioned government as a trustee for the benefit of society.
"As he explains in the Second Treatise on Government, beginning in chapter 9, entitled "Of the Ends of Political Society and Government," the individual gives up the rights he has in the state of nature in order to enjoy the security of a governed society. In the state of nature, "he be absolute lord of his own person and possessions, equal to the greatest, and subject to no body" (ch 9, 123), but "the enjoyment of [this freedom] is very uncertain, and constantly exposed to the invasion of others" (ch. 9, 123). To gain the benefits of order, he will give up his freedom, but only so that he can improve his condition."
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John Locke's "Second Treatise on Government", 2008.
A look at how John Locke expresses his belief in "Second Treatise on Government" that the English did the right thing in replacing the reigning monarch, James II, with William of Orange.
865 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that John Locke wrote the Second Treatise on Government at a difficult time in English history - when the English had just driven out the reigning monarch, James II, replacing him with William of Orange in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The paper further relates that while prominent political theorist decried this as a violation of the divine right to kings, Locke believed that the English had done the right thing and set out to prove this view. The paper then looks at how Locke expresses this belief in his "Second Treatise on Government".
From the Paper
"An individual's body is property belonging only to that individual. Anything that the individual removes from the state of nature by the labor of the individual's own he invests with labor by the very act of removing the thing from the state of nature. In doing so, the individual makes it his own property, appropriating it exclusively to himself. The labor which the individual invests in goods in taking them from the state of nature makes that the individual's property. Whatever he takes out of a natural state is improved by taking it out of the natural state."
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