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Gender and Foucault, 2008.
This paper discusses textual construction of gender differentiation in texts of Sigmund Freud, Nancy Chodorow and Michel Foucault.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the issue of gender differentiation is a highly contentious one. The writer points out that this involves not only questions of how the process occurs in humans, but also its political associations in terms of power relations between the sexes, and institutional power in western societies in general. In order to understand the significance of the textual construction of gender differentiation the writer maintains that it would be useful to consider Foucault's analysis of how the medical community has played a major role in exploring this issue. Foucault's analysis is important for he does not simply consider the debates over gender differentiation to involve simply questions of biology and psychology, or even gender relations between the sexes. Instead, the writer notes that Foucault asks that we consider the textual explorations themselves as instruments of power by which medical institutions and society define and control sexuality.
From the Paper
"This "debate" between Chodorow and Freud with regard to the differentiation of gender can thus be seen as a struggle for gender power in society as a whole. The capacity to define one or the other gender as a normative state of humanity is clearly an assertion of power. However, in a larger analysis, Foucault would suggest that we see both researchers as been fundamentally similar in that they both partake of an institutional approach to infantile sexuality in the medical and scientific community which has, as its ultimate purpose, the assertion of control and domination over children's sexuality through processes of surveillance and behaviour modification. These processes with regard to the development of gender differentiation, Foucault argues, can be seen in the rendering as "perverse" such gendered states as "homosexuality" in children. This is revealing of the instrumentality through which western societies have, for at least the past few centuries, applied significant efforts to the control of individuals through the control of sexuality and - in particular - the power to define sexuality according to the interests of institutional powers."
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Oppression in Works of Foucault, Fanon and Lacan, 2008.
An examination of the different ways that Michel Foucault, Frantz Fanon and Jacques Lacan address oppression in their works.
1,264 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the theory of oppression and analyzes how it is addressed in fundamentally distinct ways in the writings of Michel Foucault, Frantz Fanon and Jacques Lacan. The paper then explores, in turn, how each thinker develops his respective understanding of the concept. The paper focuses, in particular, upon points of convergence between psychological and political oppression.
From the Paper
"While it may be objected that this is "reading" too much into what was simply an act of rape, Fanon's text makes clear that French colonial power was by no means simple. In fact, the colonial authorities deployed not only torturers but also doctors and psychiatric specialists to subjugate the Algerian people to French power (Fanon 284). The act by the French interrogator of not only raping the woman, and thus satisfying his own anger, but of also stressing that the woman tell her husband is revealing of the complexity of this act for the French."
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Codependency, 2008.
This paper explains the concept of codependency and its characteristics.
2,405 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper defines a codependent person as one who has allowed another person's behavior to affect him and who is obsessed with controlling that person's behavior. The paper discusses the need to develop a sense of self so we do not in effect turn it over to someone else. The paper looks at the works of Carl Rogers and Erik Erikson's eight stages of development, specifically, the stage of intimacy versus isolation. Finally, the paper looks at the approach of Gestalt therapy and the idea of circular causality.
Outline:
Introduction
The Sense of Self
Adult Development
Gestalt Theory
Circular Causality and Reciprocity
From the Paper
"Codependents are people who are more bound with the problems and lives of other people than they are with their own. Codependents are described here as victims of other people who have such problems as alcoholism, obsessive gambling, workaholism, or some other affliction that makes them too dependent on a loved one, someone close to the afflicted person who suffers in their own way as a consequence. Beattie (1987) provides a history of the concept of codependency and the development of the term in psychology, deciding finally that a codependent person is one who has allowed another person's behavior to affect him or her and who is obsessed with controlling that person's behavior. The author then details the characteristics of codependency before turning to the main thrust of the book, which is how to overcome codependency."
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Antisocial Personality Disorder, 2008.
An analysis of the signs and symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of antisocial personality disorder.
865 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses antisocial personality disorder, which refers to a chronic condition whereby people exhibit no concern for the rights of others. It describes the signs and symptoms of the disorder, as well as its possible causes. It then looks at risk factors associated with the disorder. Finally, the paper discusses diagnosis and assessment of the disorder, as well as treatment options.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Signs and Symptoms
Causes
Risk Factors
When to Seek Medical Advice
Screening and Diagnosis
Complications
Treatment
Prevention
Coping Skills
From the Paper
"Psychotherapy enables people with antisocial personality disorder to develop needed interpersonal skills as well as a code of ethics. The problem with psychotherapy is that it is based in a strong therapist-patient relationship. Establishing such a relationship is a problem because the person is usually angry and emotionally unstable. They have problems with interpersonal skills and are impulsive. Group therapy is sometimes an option. When there is a high risk of self-harm or harm to others, people with antisocial personality disorder may be hospitalized so that they can be monitored at all times."
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Mass Media and Semiotics, 2008.
A discussion of semiotics and consumption in the age of mass media.
2,199 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper essay examines how the study of the sign and semiotic theory may be applied to mass media texts and, in particular, to television. The paper argues that, while there exist two distinct textual forms in television media - advertising and programming - a semiotic analysis reveals the ways in which these forms structurally reinforce each other in creating a semiotics of consumption for the mass media audience. The paper explains that the particular signs, signifiers and referents may change over time as television mythologies evolve, but a constant through this entire evolutionary process has been the "language of consumption". The paper looks at how semiotics allows us to understand how the medium of television operates in our collective consciousness.
Outline;
Introduction
The Sign and its Field of Study
Television and Semiotics
Television and the Culture of Consumption
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Given the prominence of mass media in our society, it is perhaps not surprising that semiotics should have focused considerable attention upon the most dominant of these media: television. The field of media semiotics, as pioneered by French semiotician Roland Barthes, has focused particular attention upon the production of meaning in the area of pop culture in which television assumes obvious prominence (Danesi 240). Barthes argues that the "semiotic method" takes the form of two investigative processes:
- the study of the historical (and thus highly connotative) origin of meaning systems;
- unraveling the nature of signification in human activities, whether it manifests itself as a word, a novel, a TV program, or some other human artifact."
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Theories of Social Psychology, 2008.
This paper discusses the attribution theory and the altruism and the bystander effect theory.
1,309 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper compares the attribution theory and the altruism and the bystander effect theory, which are both concerned about influences on behavior. The paper explains how the attribution theory is basically concerned with how other people as observers see the behavior, while the bystander effect theory focuses on the bystander who acts or who does not act. The paper shows how although these two theories are very different, they can be used together.
Outline:
Introduction
Attribution Theory
Altruism and the Bystander Effect Theory
Attribution Theory and Bystander Effect Theory Compared
Strengths and Weaknesses
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Attribution refers to assumptions about why people behave as they do (Rathus, 2007). Attribution is a matter of looking at other people's motives and traits for explanations of their behavior. There are two types of attribution. The first is dispositional attribution and sees people's behavior in terms of their personality and of these people having free will. The second type is situational attribution which sees human behavior as resulting from social factors (Rathus, 2007). In our society, people usually blame the person instead of social conditions so that dispositional attribution is the most common form."
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Poker Addiction, 2008.
A discussion on whether gambling activities such as poker provoke addictive behavioural responses.
1,296 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how gambling activities, such as the card game poker, have become increasingly popular forms of entertainment over the years and how, once a round-the-table household activity for men, poker games now constitute major attractions in casinos. It looks at how many individuals have developed patterns of gambling behaviour characterized by addiction and loss of control and how this has occurred to the extent that gambling addiction groups are sprouting up all across the world. The paper also contends that gambling activities such as poker provoke addictive behavioural responses, which should be recognized as such by society as a whole.
Outline:
Introduction
An Addiction
Research on Poker: Gender Differences?
Conclusion: Cause for Action - An Increasing Problem
From the Paper
"Poker is one of the most common forms of gambling, and one of the oldest. As a legalized form of gambling, many gambling addicts are poker addicts (or slot addicts, or horse betting addicts, etc). Pathological gambling is recognized as a disorder of impulse control in the DSM-IV, though it was first listed in the DSM III in 1980 (Black & Moyer, 1998, p. 1434). The DSM-IV criteria recognizes pathological gambling as a serious disorder whereby individuals: are preoccupied with gambling; need to gamble in increasing amounts of money; report repeated unsuccessful efforts to cut down or stop gambling; become restless and/or irritable when attempting to cut down on gambling; are tempted to return to gambling to "break even"; lie to conceal the extent of gambling; jeopardize their relationships with others owing to gambling; may lose their job owing to gambling; and rely on others to relieve their desperate financial situation caused by gambling (Petry & Armentano, p. 1022). "
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Theories of Carl Rogers, 2008.
A presentation of the arguments in support and opposition of Carl Roger's therapy methods.
2,329 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the psychology theories of Carl Rogers. It also presents the characteristics of the fully functioning person, according to Rogers. The paper provides arguments in favor of and in opposition to Roger's therapy methods. Finally, the paper shows how his methods have the ability of assisting many individuals throughout society, particularly within Irish society.
From the Paper
"This approach to counseling can be difficult because the therapist is not tasked with discovering a solution to the issues that pertain to the client's life, but is required to simple understand the person at that moment in time. Rogers (1946) contended that if the therapist were capable of accomplishing this task then the patient would complete the work needed to find resolutions to the issues surrounding him or her. In the process of understanding the individual, therefore, the therapist becomes open to accepting the situation at that point in time, rather than accumulating judgments that are the result of data gathered over the life span of the person. Furthermore, when the therapist focuses on only that moment, the therapist can empathize with the individual to a greater degree because the tendency to judge is erased. Only the situation is significant during the therapy session (Rogers, 1946, sec. 4)."
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The Psychiatric and Mental Health Nurse, 2008.
An analysis of the roles, responsibilities, attitudes and approaches of psychiatric and mental health (PMH) nursing.
2,312 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the roles and responsibilities of the psychiatric and mental health (PMH) nurse. It discusses the necessity of a team approach within this nursing field and describes the consumer and carer perspective. The paper also looks at the PMH nurse and society's general attitudes to mental illness and how this may affect the PMH nurse's role and responsibilities.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Qualities, Roles, and Responsibilities of the PMH Nurse
PMH Nurse and Society's Attitudes to Mental Illness
Need for Team Approach
Significance of the Consumer/Carer Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The significance of the consumer/carer perspective is most especially observed in cases of stigma when the person has been stigmatized by the health care system. In these cases, there are invariably abuses of human rights. Such abuses lead to inadequate care, as well as intolerable stress, exacerbation of physical illness, and in some cases mortality (Crisp, 2004). As a consequence, the psychosocial needs for such individuals are not understood or addressed. Many users of mental health services are beginning to reject traditional psychiatric ideas of mental illness and instead have chosen the concept of mental distress (Rogers & Pilgrim, 2005). The PMH nurse while acting as advocate may wish to point out to these consumers that the concept of mental distress is not adequate since it does not portray the experience or suffering involved in mental illness. The PMH nurse, when working with advocacy or consumer groups, makes use of a collaborative approach and must demonstrate expertise with the use of collaborative strategies (CNA, 2002). The nurse also participates in learning and teaching opportunities with consumer groups."
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A Client-Therapist Transcript, 2008.
This paper presents a psychology case study and an evaluation of the client-therapist transcript.
2,725 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
The paper provides an assessment of the client, which includes her identifying information and history, the presenting problem of depression and the therapist's behavioral observations. The paper looks at the appropriate DSM Multi-axis diagnosis of Axis I and alternatively, Axis IV. The paper discusses the treatment plan of cognitive-behavioral therapy and examines five problem areas that exist and the interventions that will be utilized. The paper then evaluates the pros and cons of this plan and presents an overall subjective evaluation of the transcript.
Outline:
Assessment
Diagnostic Formulation
Theoretical Formulation and Treatment Plan
Evaluation of Transcript
From the Paper
"The client is a 52 year-old female, Emily Hoff. Emily has two children, ages 20 and 28 (both female) that live in the home. Both children attend college and rely on their parents for complete support. Emily is divorced from her first husband and is in the progress of divorcing her second husband, although the husband still lives in the family home. Emily was a teacher for 25 years, although she left her teaching position to remain in the home. She is now completely dependent on her second husband for an income and is seeking a job due to the impending divorce."
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Vocational Assessment for the Disabled, 2008.
This paper identifies the issues involved in assessing psychological and vocational factors for individuals with disabilities.
1,016 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper explains how important it is to understand the difference between the terms "disability" and "handicap" when assessing individuals with disabilities. The paper further emphasizes the importance of diagnosing disabilities accurately. The paper then goes on to look at how the assessor evaluates the individuals' unique psychological and vocational abilities and determines how their various disabilities impact their vocational capabilities. The paper also discusses how the quantity and quality of client input is important to the assessment process.
Outline:
Issues in Psychological and Vocational Assessment
Types of Disabilities that Impede
Modification to Address Issues
From the Paper
"The person assessing the client must have a clear idea of the meaning of the term "disability." Although frequently used interchangeably, "disability," "impairment," and "handicap" all have different meanings. An assessor's perception of the client based on what some people might consider semantics can have a serious affect on that person's ability to accurately evaluate the individual being assessed. In strictest terms, a "disability" is a "physical or mental impairment that a) substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of an individual" (Power, 2000, p. 37)."
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Being a Good Consumer of Psychological Research, 2008.
This paper looks at the article "New Autism Study Shows Effective Treatment" by Adrienne Murphy published in the Irish Times.
816 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer critiques an article published in the Irish Times on March 20, 2007. The title of the piece is 'New Autism Study Shows Effective Treatment' and it confidently asserts that applied behavior analysis can help autistic children overcome their condition. This refers specifically to children who receive ABA out-strip in behavior and, in cognitive performance, those who receive "eclectic" treatment.
The writer concludes that the article falls short of what it could be because it is uncritical, short on methodological specifics, and exhibits a general lack of concern about the notion that the individuals cited in its body may be individuals who have a vested interest in seeing ABA given more credit than it warrants. The article itself is appended to the paper.
From the Paper
"To begin with, there are some positives to the manner in which the aforementioned study is described in the article. For one thing, the article is lucidly-written, so novice readers will not find the text inaccessible or confusing. Further, the writer or writers of the report wisely eschew technical terms, thereby allowing the reader to focus his or her attention upon the important thing in the piece, which is that ABA intervention really does work. Finally, the article does a commendable job of capturing at length the sentiments of two scholars - study author and noted professor Bob Remington of the University of Southampton and Dr Geraldine Leader, chairwoman of the Psychological Society of Ireland's division of Behaviour Analysis - who staunchly support the idea that ABA intervention is the approach to take when dealing with autistic children. Unfortunately, this is where the good things to be said about the article draw to a close."
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