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Museum Methods, 2005.
An analysis of different methods of display and technique used in museums.
5,214 words (approx. 20.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that methods and approaches adopted by museums reflect varying responses to the constraints placed upon them. The different restraints are discussed and include financial considerations, the nature of their real estate, their perceived audience, the nature of their collections, the role of scholarship and education in their mission, and the practical necessities of preserving and displaying the material artifacts of their collections.
From the Paper
"While the challenges and logistics are present, the preservation of a historical building and land may prove to be more significant than any treasure that is housed in the building. Older architecture often requires additional structural support to provide a safe environment for visitors. It is often necessary to use restorative methods to enhance security measures, adjusting for the more primitive setting of an older building. Historic preservation of historic places is similar to the preservation work of many museum collections. Many museums and institutions work with the constraints of a historical building for the preservation of the regional history, and the added financial breaks that accompany the restoration of a historical building or monument and the listing of the institution in the National Registry of Historic places. Acknowledging architecture as history is important in our endeavors to preserve our society?s rich past. Many museums that are set in historical building utilized the setting to teach living history and interpretation of historical events. This form of interactional display provides engaging events for active public participation."
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Criminal Justice: Challenges and Developments, 2005.
A discussion of current challenges and developments in the criminal justice system and why it has lost some of its glory.
2,258 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The criminal justice system in the United States, and indeed anywhere in the world, is a governmental tool to ensure the safety and security of the citizens of the country. The paper explains, however, that certain areas have been considered in research to steer away from this goal. The public has, for example, lost a considerable amount of trust in the system as a result of apparent oppressive practices in the system. It discusses how things like alcohol have been proved to be a factor in many crimes; yet many of the prisoners with drinking problems remain untreated, and crimes are perpetuated as a result. The paper points out that there are also significant developments within the system, including IT advances, which could help to create an increase in job opportunities in a variety of departments.
From the Paper
"The United States prison system appears to be the icon of years of accumulated oppressive practices against especially African Americans. Indeed, according to Parenti, the 900 percent growth of the Justice Department?s budget over the last 20 years seems to have mostly been used in order to build an increasing number of prisons. These are used to house an increasing amount of prisoners (currently around 60 percent of all prisoners) incarcerated for non-violent drug crimes. Furthermore about one out of every three black men in their twenties are under criminal justice control or are sought under warrant."
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Bilingual Education in Los Angeles, 2004.
A review of the article ?Hundreds Wait for Bilingual Education? by Louis Sahagun and Nick Anderson.
744 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how, according to the Los Angeles Times articles, ?Hundreds Wait for Bilingual Education,? by Louis Sahagun and Nick Anderson (October 23, 1998), there are hundreds of students awaiting arrangements for bilingual classes. This article examines the impact of Proposition 227, which provides an alternative to the total immersion approach by offering bilingual classes taught in English with support in the native language. The problem cited in this article concerns the paucity of requests for exemption in any given school; at least 20 are required in order to form such bilingual classes in a single school.
From the Paper
"In 1997, for instance, the district reported that there were at least 286 campuses with 100 or more students in bilingual programs; in 1998, though, the initial findings suggest that there were only 43 schools that received 100 or more requests for bilingual education. ?In more than half of the campuses that previously had 100 students in bilingual education, not one petition for bilingual education had been received as of mid-October? (Sahagun & Anderson, 1998, p. 5). The authors cite as an example Canoga Park Elementary; in 1997-98, there were 555 students in bilingual classes in that school; during 1998-1998, the school received no petitions for bilingual education at all. Based on interviews with educators in the school system, the authors conclude that many parents may still be weighing their options. The district superintendent, Ruben Zacarias, said, ?I can't speak for why parents chose one option versus another."
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Rhetoric in Modern-Day Proceedings, 2004.
An examination of the modern-day influence that rhetoric has on governmental processes.
3,000 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the term ?rhetoric? is used as philosophical advocacy for the validity of knowledge and critical topics concerning public policy. The paper deals with the importance of rhetoric in modern-day proceedings and its influence on governmental processes from decision making by presidents to that of the Congress. It also argues that rhetoric is far removed from reality.
From the Paper
"Honestly, however, it can be seen that the political discourses are being aimed to serve other objectives rather than simply put forth a description of real facts. It is evident that the leaders resort to deception, statements of ambiguous nature, and omission of critical issues for fear of contradiction without even taking care of the way the audiences construe their statements. It is therefore, imperative that the political deliberations are not to be taken as an honest account of the real world facts or the account of own visualizations of the speaker but to be analyzed in the perspectives of social objectives that it aims to fulfill."
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Trust between Management and Physicians in Hospitals, 2005.
A look at the need for, yet lack of, trust between physicians in hospitals and hospital management.
882 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the conflict between the inherent objectives of hospital administrators and hospital physicians and how this conflict is the source of the erosion of trust between the two groups. The paper explains that the administrators' goals of conserving resources and containing hospital costs conflict with those of the doctors. It explains that the doctors' goal is to provide their patients with the highest quality care possible and that methods for dealing with this conflict have thus far been inadequate and may even compromise patient care. The paper then suggests that the best way to deal with the problem would be to hire high-quality trainers to conduct world-class, trust-engendering seminars for management and doctors, since none of the current methods for creating trust between doctors and management seem to be effective.
From the Paper
"As for administrators, their sense of trust with physicians, Succi asserts, boils down to one area ? ?cost/quality management.? When alluding to costs of providing services to patients, therein lies a very important factor in running a hospital, and there is little doubt that administrators are keenly interested in keeping costs from rising out of sight. And since hospital administrators are ?rewarded for conserving resources and containing hospital costs? and physicians are gaining credibility for offering ever-higher levels of care, Succi believes these two conflicting concepts create an erosion of trust."
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The Freeway City, 2004.
An examination of the impact that freeways have had on shaping the character of Los Angeles as a city.
1,574 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The name "Los Angeles" has become shorthand for a whole condition of modern civilization: A state of unplanned, disordered, sprawling, polluted, congested chaos. This paper discusses how the great mega-city of Los Angeles seems to embody the problems of the modern world on a mega-scale. The writer focuses on the role that the imagery and reality of transport ? above all, freeways and motor transport ? played in shaping perceptions of this vast and extraordinary modern metropolis.
From the Paper
"Los Angeles is not a new city: founded in 1781 and incorporated in 1850, it is the second-oldest city in California and one of the longest-established urban centres in the United States. Yet a recent writer on Los Angeles transport has asserted that it ?is known throughout the world as the prototype of the late twentieth-century city?. Elsewhere Los Angeles has been described as ?a harbinger of the modern American city ? a prototype for the American metropolis of the late twentieth century?. This perception of Los Angeles, for all its relative antiquity, as (for good and ill) a city of modernity and futurity reflects the overwhelmingly twentieth-century nature of its growth. The form that growth has taken has been seen (again, for good and ill) as embodying the fundamental qualities of a pattern of development ?typical of twentieth century urbanization?. This pattern of urbanism is identified particularly with North America but, partly by virtue of being American, has exercised great influence across the world: a decentralized, dispersed, suburbanized, consumerized, motorized urbanism that we now find adopted in almost every part of the globe where people have congregated in towns and cities."
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Civil Service, 2004.
An opinion paper, which argues that military service should be mandatory.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper provides definitive proof that civil service should be mandatory at the age of eighteen. It explains that mandatory civil service would allow those that are not in the military to contribute to the well-being of the nation. It also argues that President Bush and his administration support the idea of civil service work for young people. The writer also states that civil service work could be very beneficial to young people aged 18 to 24 because it provides them with the stability and the skills that they need to help them for the rest of their lives.
From the Paper
"The war in Iraq has spawned a debate over whether or not all persons should have to spend some time in the civil service when they reach the age of eighteen. There are huge sacrifices that are being made in Iraq and Afghanistan but they only really affecting working class Americans. Not everyone can be in the military but everyone can participate in various aspects of the civil service. The purpose of this paper is to provide definitive proof that civil service should be mandatory at the age of eighteen."
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The French Foreign Legion, 2004.
This paper discusses the history of the French Foreign Legion.
3,275 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the French Foreign Legion was and continues to be a legitimate fighting force, unique to France and the French experience, while still capturing the collective imagination of the world. The author points out that the legacy of the Legion?s colonialist history and its impact on the perceptions of non-French nations is of an occupying force; the legacy they left behind is one of suffering, tragedy, and oppression. The paper relates that the French Foreign Legion is historically a remarkable organization, marked by extreme loyalty, diversity, and strength; its current role is as a U.N. directed force.
From the Paper
"The Legion was founded in the year 1831 by King Louis Philippe. Although, without question, the Legion is patently French in its ideology, loyalty, and outlook, it is actually an international band of soldiers, joined together to fight for the interests of France. To be sure, because of its rather ?eclectic? nature, many consider the Legion to be the essence of mercenary armies, a ragtag band of men of every nationality, race, and even creed?as well as of every moral and ethical standard, from the brutish thug, to the idealistic soldier, fighting for God and country. However, the true French Foreign Legion is not so simple. In fact, to the French people, themselves, the Legion is a force imbibed with a rich and honorable history?a representation of the collective French consciousness of the power of France, in spite of its international membership."
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Adult Education Programs, 2004.
This paper discusses the administration and evaluation of adult education programs.
3,340 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, similar to other government-financed schemes, adult education has met with mounting requests to exhibit its efficacy. The author points out that the Bush Administration is dedicated to transforming education in the United States, such that every adult is capable of meeting the challenges of the current high-skill economy. The paper relates that, although the majority of adult education programs are obliged to report various forms of information to the government agencies or the organizations that finance them, they don?t automatically examine these data internally to get an insight as to how the information may be utilized to improve programs or instruction.
From the Paper
"In the past years, amendments made to the Adult Education Act, the federal legislation administering the adult education program have reinforced the necessity of answerability. The reauthorization of the Act during 1988 augmented the state necessity for local program review by stipulating six subject areas that the review should deal with and by commissioning the deployment of standardized test results while assessing. The adult literacy policy on the national level is stated in the National Literacy Act and in the Annual Education Act (AEA) which brought about the amendment of AEA in the year 1990. The purpose of the Act is to aid dropout adults attain the literacy required to work effectively in society, obtain advantage from job training and retrain them with a view to obtaining and maintain employment and persist their education to the level of passing out of High School at the minimum. To sustain adult literacy endeavors meant for adult secondary education (ASE), adult basic education (ABE), and English-as-a-Second Language (ESL) inputs, the AEA provides a public funding medium by way of granting federal grants to the state education outfits."
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?Sage? in American Politics, 2004.
Examines the necessity of the institutionalization of the ?sage? in American political discourse.
1,357 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
Under Plato?s system of the rule of the philosopher-sage, the popular will and all knowledge disseminated by the media would be controlled by oligarchs, namely a tribe of philosopher kings or sages. This paper examines Frank Fischer's and Brian Martin's recent analysis of the failures of the American political system, in which they do not offer as radical a solution as the ancient Greek. However, Frank Fischer?s analysis does implicitly propose that there is a fundamental lacking within the texture of American government, and American political culture as a whole, in terms of citizen involvement within American political society and decision making. The paper examines Fischer's suggestion that the solution to this absence of involvement is not a more responsive governmental structure, but the institutionalization of the ?sage? within the American political frame of discourse, that of an individual who is distanced from the issues to some extent and can offer commentary and intellectual and intelligent perspectives upon issues of the moment and also put the perspective of politics within a forward-thinking view. In contrast, the paper looks at how Martin stresses that, rather than look to experts for knowledge, one must become one?s own 'sage'; profound challenges to government and conventional wisdom have been proposed by many relatively ordinary individuals all over the world, from the author?s native Australia to India.
From the Paper
"So why do not more individuals take a more involved role in the political process regarding environmentalism, asks Fischer? Yet the American citizen stands back, while interested economic and political parties continue to wreck economic destruction upon the land. Contemporary experts may understand the environmental issues at stake, but they have profound personal and economic interests that cannot be ignored when evaluating their opinions. Furthermore, citizens can only glean the full impact of environmental, and other scientific issues (such as issues pertaining to health, health insurance, and Medicare, to name just a few) from such experts, as most citizens are laypeople regarding such issues."
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Supervision in the Fire Department, 2004.
This paper discusses that the fire department, the most important trauma-fighting service in the United States, has problems, which could be resolved by improving supervisory efforts.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the fire professionals have the highest stress factors in the United States, not only from the requirements of the job, but also deaths, accidents, racism, and sexism; therefore, adequate supervision is essential. The author points out that a lack of adequate supervision has made racism a problem in the fire department because, in many cases, supervisors simply do not know how to handle this problem and choose to ignore it; in other cases, supervisors are unaware that the problem even exists. The paper relates that women have been having difficulty being recognized as equals in the fire department because of issues such as physical strength, but many of the difficulties experienced by women in terms of equality in the fire department can be ascribed to a lack of unbiased supervision.
Table of Contents
Death in the Fire Department
Racism
Women in the Firefighting Profession
From the Paper
"Interestingly, heart attacks are the leading culprit in firefighter deaths, numbering 44%. The second leading cause of death is head trauma and internal injuries at 27%, while death directly related to fire (by asphyxia or from burns) accounts for the least amount of deaths, at 20%. These statistics are also related to age, with younger men more likely to die from injuries than heart attacks. Motor vehicle accidents also cause a substantial amount of firefighter deaths, numbering between 20 and 25%. It was found that only 21% of firefighters involved in these crashes wore their seatbelts. The USFA has also found that firefighter fatalities per 100,000 incidents have increased over the last twenty years. This factor is what inspired the study in the first place."
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Nursing Practices, 2004.
An analysis of cost-effective health care practices in nursing today.
6,330 words (approx. 25.3 pages), 33 sources, MLA, $ 147.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies the successful cost-effectiveness practices that are in place in various health care settings in the United States. It then takes a look at how nurses and nursing fit into these practices and which cost-control factors can make a contribution to a successful nursing budget. A summary of the research on nursing administration and the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, cost-containment, and quality control issues facing the nursing profession is provided in the conclusion.
Outline
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Medicine and Cost-Efficiency
Total Quality Management Approach
Creating a Leaner Organization
Use of Technology to Increase Efficiency
Reducing Medication and Other Errors
Law and Cost-Efficiency
Theology and Cost-Efficiency
Summary and Conclusions
From the Paper
"The health care reforms that have been introduced around the world, including privatization and the introduction of market-based approaches to health care, have succeeded in bringing numerous new pressures to bear on health care systems and health care workers (Clark, Clark, Day & Shea, 2001). While the crisis in health care is multifaceted, encompassing shortages of trained medical personnel, epidemics (including AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria), environmental problems (air pollution, water contamination), natural disasters, the consequences of war (civilian casualties, refugees), and changing demographics, the root of the problem is ultimately economics. In today?s world, developing nations cannot provide the most basic of health care to their citizens. The public and the private sectors in developed countries have difficulty keeping pace with the rapidly escalating cost of health care (Clark & Clark, 2003)."
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