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Alcoa and the U.S. Government, 2004.
Examines the case between aluminum producer, Alcoa, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
1,862 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a brief history and some background information on the Alcoa company and then explains the reasons for the legal case brought against it by the EPA. The paper also points the connection between former Alcoa CEO, Paul O'Neill, and the Bush Administration and how this relationship helped Alcoa achieve a favorable ruling in the EPA's case against the company. Additionally, the paper describes the conclusion to the legal case, discusses Alcoa's strategies for winning the legal battle, and presents an analysis of the entire issue as well.
Company Basics
Company History in Brief
The Arena of Conflict
The Issue
The Conclusion of Case
Alcoa's Strategies
Analysis
From the Paper
"Alcoa is the leading global producer of primary aluminum, fabricated aluminum and alumina. It is active in virtually all aspects of the aluminum industry, serving aerospace, automotive, packaging, building and construction, commercial transportation, and industrial markets. It promotes itself as a single source for design, engineering, production and other fabrication-related operations. In addition to serving those industries listed above, it also produces and markets consumer brands including Reynolds Wrap?, Alcoa? wheels, and Baco? household wraps. It has also branched out into other businesses including vinyl siding, closures, fastening systems, precision castings, and electrical distribution systems for cars and trucks."
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The European Airline Industry, 2004.
This paper discusses the impact of deregulation on the European airline industry.
3,310 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that deregulation of the airline industry is one major step in attempting to have a free and competitive market, one which benefits customers, airlines, governments, and the community at large. The author points out that the liberalization of the airline industry has resulted in the birth of low-cost scheduled airlines, primarily aimed at providing cheap alternate modes of transport for the average citizen, thus increasing passenger traffic. The paper relates that one of the results of deregulation has been the privatization of airports, which were traditionally operated by the government; Heathrow, Gatwick, and Stansted airports in the United Kingdom are some examples of airports totally under private management.
Table of Contents
The European Airline Market
Deregulation of the European Airline Industry
Low-Cost Airlines
Hub and Spoke System
Airlines Consolidation
Privatization of Airports
Sustainable Aviation
From the Paper
"European airlines are limited to a single market and thus often have to depend on a single hub for intercontinental services. This means that the companies cannot offer routes as they wish and may lose out on profitable opportunities. On the other hand, an US airline can have several hubs from where they can offer intercontinental services to several locations based on alliances with other airlines. Post de-regulation, airlines have the liberty to fix and revise fares as they wish. It could be seen that close to 85 percent of the commuters travel on reduced fares within the Union. On some routes, the fares are still higher and this deprives passengers of low cost options. Another drawback is the duplication of flight services on busy routes and lower size of aircrafts to increase frequency. These initiatives have increased the fuel consumption per passenger, raising energy conservation and environmental issues. Critics point out that the short-term and profits oriented approach of the private airlines is the main reason for this situation and governmental intervention is therefore required to stem further deterioration."
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Health Care Violence, 2004.
A discussion on the identification and control of violence among health care patients and employees.
3,120 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of violence, including its identification among health care patients and employees, in particular. The paper concludes with some suggestions for controlling violence in the health care institutes. In order to help with identification and control of violence among health care patients, the statistics and findings of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration are presented.
From the Paper
"Violence has become a common feature of our society found in every area of the nation from quiet neighborhoods in the suburbs to the urbanized cities of the US. To make the matter worse, the media including radio, TV, private cable networks, have become a part of the culture that promotes the concepts of violence, if there is no violence exhibited in either every day programs then these programs, including those of children are presumed to be a failure. Hence, it would not be wrong to assume that our entire culture has been virtually gripped in a sphere of violence to which there is no end."
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Texas Department of Insurance, 2004.
An historical overview of the Texas Department of Insurance.
1,024 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper on the Texas Department Of Insurance illustrates why and when the Texas Department of Insurance was formed and how much it has accomplished since the time it was established. This paper highlights the number of people employed by the TDI, their annual budget, and their board of governors.
From the Paper
"The prime purpose of the Texas Department of Insurance is to efficiently manage files on all the insurance carriers in Texas. These files are categorized by their respective types and region and are provided to other school districts upon request. The Texas Department of Insurance is divided in such a way that each group governs each insurance type. ?For example, property and casualty, life and health, and workers' compensation are each separate departments with teams of experts capable of answering inquiries and complaints about each of those specific types of insurance? (Texas Comptroller Of Public Accounts, Purchase School District Insurance Through Cooperative Agreements). The exact date of formation of the Texas Department of Insurance is unknown. However, it is believed that the respective department dates all the way back to the time when Mark Twain published his award winning novel, ?The Adventures of Tom Sawyer?, i.e. 1876."
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United States Department of Health and Human Services, 2004.
Description and analysis of the organizational structure of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
932 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the organizational structure and the different levels of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and then goes on to point out the weaknesses and strengths of this type of structure. Next, the paper presents recommendations for improving the agency's structure based on the analysis provided of its structural weaknesses and strengths.
From the Paper
"Another potential weakness with the structure relates to the range of departments within the structure. As noted, the National Institutes of Health has over 17,000 employees and a budget of over $27 billion. In contrast, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality has 294 employees and a budget of $309 million (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, HHS: What We Do, 2003). The question this raises is whether the departments receive equal attention from the Office of the Secretary, or whether attention is related to size. If attention is related to size, it is possible to assume that the smaller divisions may be neglected. This could include not providing adequate control, supervision, or assistance."
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Cryptography, 2004.
This paper discusses the use of cryptology, the science of writing secret messages using ciphers and codes.
1,625 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the ancient ?art? of keeping a secret, cryptography, has joined the age of technology, computerization, and intergalactic communication. The author points out that the government agencies entrusted with maintaining security in the United States have not followed a strictly open path in limiting public access to cryptographic methods. The paper relates that, with the Financial Anti-Terrorism Act, passed in October of 2001, restrictions on surveillance have been reduced, while penalties for low-level computer intrusion are greatly increased.
From the Paper
"In the late 1970s, American cryptographers were busy working within the quickly evolving world of the Internet. ?This academic revolution--the development of a public science of cryptography and a resulting colloquy about it--was accompanied by a similar, equally dramatic revolution on the microcomputer front. The result: Ordinary people with desk top PCs could encrypt their messages or data to a degree that only governments could have achieved not long before? (Godwin 45). Maintaining secrets had come to be seen as ?collecting intelligence?, a service provided by a number of government agencies in the United States. Military ?intelligence? has also always had the extra burden of maintaining secrets in order to save lives. Probably every nation on earth gathers information concerning the political and military status of other nations."
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Social Work and Immigration Policy, 2004.
This paper discusses the social work considerations in the provision of social welfare services to refugees and documented and undocumented aliens in the United States.
3,055 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, while all immigrants are obviously not Middle Eastern in origin, the impact of September 11 on the national consciousness concerning immigration policies in general has resulted in a severe backlash against all immigrants, creating one of the toughest debate on how best to provide social welfare services. The author points out that, to ensure that all people in the U.S. are provided with minimum levels of social services, the social work community must organize on the national level and secure the assistance of key legislators who are in the best position to effect the changes in policy. The paper recommends that the national social work organization should provide legislators with personal and empirical observations about the importance and urgency of this issue for people who would come to the United States seeking gainful and legal employment.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Identification of Improvements Needed in the Existing Policy
Analysis of Published Empirical Data that Impacts Arguments.
Description of Current Political and Social Issues.
Proposed Policy Practice Strategy using Legislative Advocacy.
Identification of Actions Needed to Implement the Strategy.
Proposed Timeline for Strategy Implementation.
Phase One
Phase Two
Discussion of the Policy Practice Skills Required by the Strategy.
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The terrorist attacks of September 11 were carried out by 19 Arab noncitizens, and many Americans have reason to believe that other Arab noncitizens are linked with these nationalities. The fear that pervades the American consciousness today is directly reflected in how the mainstream public views policies concerning immigration. ?Citizens, it is said, are presumptively loyal; noncitizens are not. Thus, it is not irrational to focus on Arab noncitizens. Moreover, on a normative level, if citizens and noncitizens were treated identically, citizenship itself might be rendered meaningless?. The part played by mainstream media and its impact on immigration laws have been pronounced; however, perhaps even more fundamental for the purposes of the provision of timely and effective social work services is the new mindset that emerged after September 11 that created two distinct and unmistakable categories for Americans: there is ?us,? and then there is ?them.? "
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Gambling Policy in the State of Maryland, 2004.
Analysis and assessment of a proposed policy that would legalize slot machine gambling in the State of Maryland.
925 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the public policy issue of whether slot machine gambling should be legalized in Maryland. The paper looks at the benefits of putting such a policy into action, as well as what the negative effects would be if such a policy were not enacted.
From the Paper
"The major policy issue presented in the July 5, 2004 Washington Post article ?Pa. Lawmakers Approve Slots, Troubling Ehlrich? is whether the State of Maryland should revisit its current gambling policy of not allowing slot machines to operate in the state, and instead change the policy to legalize slot machine gambling in Maryland. The issue of slot machine gambling has some urgency, arising from the State of Pennsylvania recently passing legislation allowing 61,000 slot machines at more than a dozen sites in the state. Following the actions of legislators in Pennsylvania, the State of Maryland is now surrounded by states with legalized slot machine gambling. The fear of proponents for slot machine gambling in Maryland, including Governor Robert L. Ehrlich Jr. (R), is that the state will continue to see money leave the state as residents go elsewhere to gamble. Money will not only leave the state as residents gamble elsewhere, but the state government?s revenues will be adversely impacted as well, since new revenues through in-state gambling will not be realized under the current policy. The current policy of not allowing gambling could therefore impact other economic, social and environmental policies."
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Meat Supply, 2004.
A discussion of the meat supply crisis in America and how it effects the diet.
1,213 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a discussion of the different food groups needed to maintain a healthy and full diet. The paper then suggests that the recent crises in meat supplies in the U.S., including mad cow disease and the chicken sicknesses, have led people to lean towards a more vegetarian diet. The writer also mentions other risks involved in meat eating, including heart disease and fat.
From the Paper
"The story of mad cow disease reveals a number of unpalatable facts about the beef industry. Heather Hiscox notes that the modern ranching industry has commonly added "animals, fish, poultry, pigs and blood ? the remnants of butchered animals, cleaned, dried, ground into meal" to cattle feed. This practice has been adopted to increase production and keep costs low, as part of a larger dietary plan that includes the addition of vitamins and minerals, grains, and forages like hay and grass (Hiscox).
Notes Hiscox, "It used to be considered safe to feed meat and bone meal from sheep, cattle and other ruminant animals that chew their cud, but that ended with the mad cow crisis bin England." In this crisis, thousands of cows got mad cow disease through feed that was supplemented by sheep that were infected with a disease similar to mad cow disease. In 1997, Canada banned using meat supplements and bone meal from ruminants like sheep in cattle feed, and annual inspections of commission feed mills were instituted."
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Ethics and Financial Aid, 2004.
This paper discusses the ethical question of a case in which parents lie on their son?s financial aid application because it does not recognize middle-income parents who save for their children's education.
880 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the system of student financial aid has been set up with an ethical purpose, and, as such, it can be argued that any attempt to deceive the system is unethical, since it defeats the envisioned end of achieving social justice. The author states that John?s parents need to focus on harnessing public support to reform a faulty system rather than resorting to cheating, which represents a solution that only perpetuates an injustice rather then resolving it. The paper suggests that a better formula for financial aid could be based on criteria that takes into account the number of children in the family who have yet to go to college or who are already in college and a family?s annual income, excluding earnings from assets built up over the long term.
From the Paper
"John?s parents may have found the current system of determining student financial aid rough on middle class families who scrimped and saved for their children?s future. But the fact remains that the action they were proposing was unethical and immoral since even Hume would have asked whether John?s parents? feelings were representative of the universal view. Even assuming, for the purposes of this discussion, that the majority of the voting public agreed with John?s parents about the unfairness of the financial aid system, it must still be taken into consideration that John?s parents were essentially deriving moral principles from one particular context. This is evident since the morality of the decision would be unlikely to apply in another context. Indeed, if the need for financial integrity were to be dependent on a given context, it would unravel the very functioning of the economy and human society."
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Gender Diversity in Law Enforcement, 2004.
This paper examines whether the presence of women in law enforcement is growing.
3,275 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that North Carolina is one of the states taking advantage of a federal program to bring more highly skilled, highly educated and highly trained officers into local community policing programs; this is particularly appropriate for the attributes of female police officers. The author points out that the recruitment of women and their progress in achieving equal status has slowed, especially at the highest ranks. The paper states that the biggest problem is that, when a department is notified of a woman officer?s pregnancy, she is removed from her position, and often no efforts are made to find her a light-duty position.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Overview
Women Officers Are Better Than Men
Community Policing in North Carolina
Internal Affairs
Women Law Enforcement Officers and Pregnancy
Fitness in General
But Can They Cut It?
?Power Test?
Summary
Recommendations
Appendix A: Women Who Work in the Criminal Justice System, 1995
Appendix B: Women Working in Adult Corrections
Appendix C: Women Working in Juvenile Corrections
From the Paper
"The physical demands of police work are one of the arguments used against recruitment of female officers. In 1997, the Chief of the Hackensack, New Jersey, Police Department spoke out against hiring women, noting their physical size. He said, ?I?m not a big supporter of a 100-pound woman trying to shove a 300-pound guy out of a bar. And in a small town like ours, when we have only one or two guys on the road, you need the extra beef out there? Kelly asked the Chief whether he could do it; the Chief refused to answer. Reluctantly, he said he would go along with hiring female officers if it meant he would get the $355,000 from the feds to hire five new officers."
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Corporate Tax Cuts, 2004.
Discusses the public policy issue of corporate tax cuts.
1,130 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In a "Washington Post" article entitled "House Passes Major Tax Cut for Businesses", author Jonathan Weisman discusses the public policy issue of corporate tax cuts. The public policy described is at a development stage and reflects what is largely a federal issue. The policy is criticized for potentially having a direct conflict with public health policies on smoking. This paper explains that stakeholders are diverse and include American businesses, special interest groups, and residents of several states with no current income tax. Government departments directly involved in the policy are the House of Representatives and the Senate. The paper shows that ,overall, critics argue that the policy results in financial costs and support of special interest agendas, although the policy supports good government by addressing the policy issue of European Union export subsidy sanctions.
From the Paper
"Overall, the policy has drawn criticism that it reflects poor public policy. Notes Weisman, "the main criticism focused on the special-interest provisions secured by business lobbyists." Further, criticism has also focused on potentially increased costs of the bill beyond the $153 billion cut in business taxes over 10 years. Critics argue that extension of other tax breaks and the phasing in of other tax breaks will make the final toll much higher. Potentially, critics argue that the total cost of the House bill could be $260 billion."
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