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Social Security, 2002.
An overview of the American Social Security program and the challenges it faces.
1,333 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Since its inception, the Social Security system has provided benefits to augment the income of people upon their retirement. However, current projections point to a crisis in Social Security. Experts believe that by 2038, the Social Security trust fund will have been depleted. This paper presents an overview of the current social security crisis and evaluates the plans to address this problem. The first part of the paper provides a history of the Social Security system, from its inception in 1935 to its current status under the federal government. The next part then studies how the Social Security system is funded. In the final part, the paper studies the problems facing many retirees who stand to be adversely affected by the Social Security deficit. It looks at the pitfalls of privatization and other methods now being used to address the problem, such as proposed tax credits, simplifying the tax process and key changes in retirement policy.
From the Paper
"A privatized pension allows employers to manage the plan's assets, while promising to credit the worker's pensions with a corresponding interest rate. However, employers have often changed this rate, reducing the value of their employees' pensions. For example, when companies like IBM, AT&T and Citibank switched from traditional pensions to cash balance plan, the pensions paid to longtime employees were significantly reduced. Because of the potential for abuse, conversions to cash-balance plans were banned in 1999. The Bush plan for privatization, however, would allow employers to return to such practices, under the guise of augmenting the Social Security trust fund (Leone)."
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Recycling in the United States, 2002.
Argues that recycling should be made mandatory in the United States.
1,724 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper takes the position that the United States government should impose mandatory recycling laws. A two-pronged legislative law which would make recycling mandatory on a national level is proposed. First, it is suggested that companies and manufacturers should be required to use as much recyclable materials for their products as possible. Second, the paper suggests that consumers should be required to separate recyclable material from their regular garbage and then cities should be responsible for creating local recycling programs to take charge of this recyclable material.
From the Paper
"Mandatory recycling programs will also help decrease pollution levels all over the country. The case of Japan illustrates the beneficial effects of strict national recycling laws. In 1995, the Japanese government instituted the Containers and Packaging Recycling law, which first defined recyclable products. The law then mandated that businesses should either recycle their packaging materials, either through their own plants or by paying a "recycling fee" to the Japan Containers and Packaging Recycling Association, a government-designated organization (JCPRA)."
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Immigration and Terrorism, 2002.
Argues that restricting legal immigration would do little to protect the United States from terrorism.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper takes the position that many of the policies taken in the name of homeland security amount to harassment. Instead of increasing security, these policies really only threaten to erode the United States? relationship with the rest of the world and, in the end, undermine the very ideals on which American democracy is built.
From the Paper
"These new laws, however, have already affected legal immigration rates into the country. University officials, for example, report a significant drop in the number of foreign students in American colleges. Because of stringent visa requirements, many students are opting to study in other Western countries such as Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia. This translates to millions of dollars in lost revenue, since foreign students contribute nearly $12 billion to the United States economy each year (Paden and Singer)."
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Affirmative Action, 2002.
Argues against the benefits of Affirmative Action policies.
1,124 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper takes the position that Affirmative Action policies have caused more harm than good. It argues that Affirmative Action violates the United States Constitution, favors the middle and upper class, allows unqualified entry to universities and jobs, promotes racism, and fosters further discrimination.
From the Paper
"If preferences were truly meant to remedy disadvantage, they would be given on the basis of disadvantage, not on the basis of factors such as race and ethnicity. Instead, the benefactors of affirmative action are middle and upper class individuals that don?t need the help. The most under-represented group of Americans at the nation?s top colleges and colleges isn?t blacks or Hispanics, but students from low-income families. Only three percent of the freshmen at the 146 most selective colleges and universities come from families in the bottom quarter of America ranked by income. In contrast, twelve percent are black or Hispanic."
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Competition Comes to the U.S. Farm Sector, 2002.
Discusses U.S. farm policies since the 1930s.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the focus, impact and consequences of U.S. farm policies. In particular, it examines the 1996 Farm Bill, policy changes instituted in 1985, and the 2002 Farm Act. The paper concludes with an analysis of the consequences, whether positive or negative, of the Freedom to Farm Act.
From the Paper
"The United States has always supported its farmers through a number of different policies. This policy has included programs designed to distribute the nation?s land in an equitable fashion, increase productivity, raising the standard of living of American farmers and helping them to market their products (Westcott and Price, 2001). US farm policy since the 1930s focused on price and income supports. Until the introduction of the 1996 Farm Bill, the price support system relied on a series of acreage limits and storage programs (Westcott and Price, 2001)."
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Single Parents and Child Care, 2002.
An examination of the impact and cost of child care on single parents.
2,240 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how as more and more single parents have moved, by necessity or choice, from the home into the workforce, the need for affordable, quality childcare has become a crucial social issue and how there is an enormous impact and cost placed on single parents. It provides an analysis of the existing problems surrounding childcare, as well as local, state and federal recommendations to expand child care for single parents and to improve quality and implications of these changes. It evaluates how quality childcare, educational programs and after-school activities are extremely helpful to single parents and provide creative ways for them to shoulder the responsibility of raising children while working.
Outline
Statement of the Problem
Goals and Objectives
Significance of the Problem
Community Involvement
Mobilizing the Media and Officials
Solutions and Policy Recommendations
Benefits to Special Population and People of Color
Implementation
Evaluation
From the Paper
"For single parents, childcare costs can pose a significant barrier to entering the workforce. In many cases, single parents to have a hard time finding affordable, safe care in close proximity to their homes or work that meet their scheduling requirements.
Even if single parents are able to find a childcare program that is affordable and meets their individual needs, there are faced with another problem?the quality of childcare. Many affordable childcare solutions have unsafe environments, including unsanitary conditions and a lack of supervision."
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Public Administration, 2002.
A research paper on the makeup of the public administration system in America.
1,987 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This essay deals with prominent figures in public administration and considers the effect of their writings and theories on the field of public administration. The paper provides an analysis of the core areas of public administration and how these areas interrelate with one another; taking into account the theories and writings of major players in the field of public administration and how their views shaped these areas.
From the Paper
"The principles of public administration are the clearest description of its usefulness to society and government. This administrative science is barely 100-125 years old in the U.S. and a little over 200 years old in France. Tracing its roots back to Napoleon, public administration evolved largely as a result of the increasing complexity of society, economy and technology. The French system of Public Administration is still considered by many to be the world?s best. Compared to Germany and Britain, the U.S. was relatively slower to utilize public administration in widespread government."
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New York Civil Service, 2002.
A report on the need for improving the pay and status of New York City police and fire officers, following September 11.
13,859 words (approx. 55.4 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the current status of New York City's police and fire services, focusing on the need to maintain or improve the morale and efficiency of the city's civil service. Given the city?s commitment to budget cuts and vocal opposition to salary cuts, the city is faced with two options. Either it must change the way that it works, or fire thousands of people. In this environment, it is essential that the city retain the commitment of its employees. The paper includes copies of the interview questions and answers used in this study.
Contents:
Introduction
Thesis Proposal
Literature Review
Methodologies
Research Process
Interviews
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"New York City seems on the verge of a looming crisis. With a dwindling revenue base and newfound obligations associated with security issues, it has been the task of the Bloomberg administration not only to continue Giuliani's legacy of responsible city management but merely to keep the city solvent. Among one of the main tasks facing the city's administration has been to maintain or improve the morale and efficiency of the city's civil service. If seen as a separate country, the economy of New York City rank 14th among the world's largest economies; larger than Australia, the Netherlands or Russia."
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Healthcare Policy in America, 2002.
This paper offers an overview of the medically uninsured and the under-insured in America.
2,850 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the economic and social factors that cause many of the people in America to be under-insured or uninsured. A contrast is drawn with the elderly, who tend to be happy with their health coverage, even though their health problems are usually more severe. The causes and ramifications of inadequate health coverage are also discussed, and an argument for government intervention in health-care is presented.
From the Paper
"Sometimes this is because their company does not offer health insurance, and this is especially true for part-time and seasonal workers. Sometimes employers offer health insurance but the cost of the deductible is so high that the workers cannot afford to have that much removed from their paycheck each week. Many of the workers who cannot afford health care through their employers make too much for Medicaid. Because of this, they are caught in the middle. They don't make enough money to pay for quality health insurance, but they make too much money for the state to pay for health care for them."
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Public Health Programs, 2002.
An analysis of financing public health programs.
4,720 words (approx. 18.9 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 121.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how current administration is spending money on public health programs and evaluates whether it is really enough. It analyzes whether spending money without restructuring the process in America is really going to have the sort of outcome that the country needs. It examines how the nation is becoming more focused on the ?what ifs? of public health care than on focusing on the state of public health as it currently exists due to factors such as biological warfare. It discusses the need for public health programs to prepare in case such attacks occur, but also the need of public health and safety to assist us with the world that we are living in today. A world where people are dying because they do not have access to funds, because programs and cutbacks are shutting the doors.
From the Paper
"Governmental agencies may be advertising grant programs that may at first not necessarily look like public health type block grants. For example the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development offers grant opportunities often that end up keeping the public health infrastructure complete. The Department of Housing and Urban Development the Indian Community Development Block grant (ICDBG) program. ?The Indian Community Development Block grant program provides eligible grantees with direct grants for use in developing viable Indian and Alaska Native Communities, including decent housing, a suitable living environment, and economic opportunities, primarily for low and moderate income persons. Eligible applicants include any Indian tribe, band, group, or nation including Alaskan Indians, Aleuts, and Eskimos or Alaska Native village, which has established a relationship to the Federal government as defined in the program regulations."
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Police Programs and Strategies, 2002.
A comparison of police programs and strategies between New York and Los Angeles police departments.
1,854 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the police programs and strategies and crime statistics of the New York and Los Angeles Police Departments and analyzes each department?s effectiveness in combating crime and offenses caused by the criminals and delinquents of the society. In relation to the analyses of both departments? police programs, this paper also studies if both have been involved in serious allegations about any occurrences of police brutality and corruption to the offenders and to the people the police officers are responsible to.
From the Paper
"The first analysis will involve the programs formulated and implemented in the New York Police Department. In the course of the researcher?s study, there has been no sources found that can provide a historical trend that analyzes and studies the crime and arrest statistics of the NYPD, although the department?s online website has a detailed listings and information about the programs that have been implemented and ongoing in the department?s operations and services to the people of New York. The NYPD web site offered numerous programs and guidelines for the people to have sufficient knowledge about basic civilian actions that an individual can do and commit during times of grave danger, or just plain information about how the NYPD operates within its jurisdiction (New York). "
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Military Insubordination, 2002.
A definition of the term "military insubordination" and an examination of examples of its occurrence.
1,487 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This research paper addresses a debatable, yet highly pressing issue, regarding military practices based on the concept of insubordination. The paper incorporates various examples from real life situations and military cases that the world history has witnessed so far in order to highlight the right as well as the inaccurate and unjustified practices in the name of insubordination.
From the Paper
"Just like other realms of society, military or armed forces also have their well-defined codes of ethics in order to strengthen the entire armed force and to promote discipline and order. These laws and regulations form the basis on which rests the foundation of the military and command various aspects of the lifestyle of military men (Marple). Military society is that part of our society that is devoid of emotions and therefore its laws and rules are rigid and remain constant without subject to any change. Thereupon, every soldier is expected to reflect the moral, ethical and social values that this institution works hard on to incorporate in its people (Marple). Thus, the autocratic institution of military exists ?with a built in moral compass to avoid change of that nature. If the military did not have that moral compass, then any order that came down would be obeyed despite the morality of the order? (Marple). For instance, Nazi Germany is considered to be a nation devoid of humanity or a nation with a military force functioning without a built in moral compass. This is because their armed forces did not hesitate even in taking away precious and most of all innocent human lives."
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