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Research Article: 'Marital Relations among Former Prisoners of War', 2007.
This paper is a review of the research reported by R. Dekel and Z. Solomon in their article 'Marital Relations among Former Prisoners of War' in the "Journal of Family Psychology".
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in their article 'Marital Relations among Former Prisoners of War: Contribution of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Aggression, And Sexual Satisfaction', researchers Rachel Dekel and Zahava Solomon identify the degree to which post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects the marital adjustment, spousal aggression and sexual satisfaction of former prisoners of war (POWs) from the Yom Kippur War. The author points out that the study itself has many limitations and is subject to scrutiny and debate, but the researchers' findings seem to mesh with their anticipated outcomes. The paper relates that these researchers conclude that their findings support the belief that the marital problems of former POWs are related to PTSD symptoms and that increased problems with marital relations occurred for the experimental POWs with PTSD by a margin of twice that of the control group.
Table of Contents:
Purpose of Study
Examination of the Literature Review
The Study Framework and Theoretical Perspective
Research Objectives
Major Study Variables
Characteristics of the Population and Demographic Variables
Methodology
Data Collection and Analysis
Interpretation of Findings, Outcome, and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The articles used in the literature review are generally current, where five were initially published in the 1990s and the rest date from 2000 to the current day. The information presented in the literature review fails to fully and comprehensively describe the topics involved in the study. The theories are not described in detail, nor are the points of interest linked to the other topics. While the literature review is easy to understand and does provide an introduction to the topic, the overall content of the review is too concise and lacks depth."
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Tyler's Evaluation Model, 2008.
This paper evaluates a proposed violence prevention program through Ralph Tyler's objectives-based evaluation model.
887 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an evaluation of the study, "Creating a Peaceful School Learning Environment: A Controlled Study of an Elementary School Intervention to Reduce Violence" by S.W. Twemlow, P. Fonagy, F.C. Sacco, M.L. Gies, R. Evans and R. Ewbank. The paper explains why Tyler's objectives-based evaluation model is the most suitable method of assessing this case study.
Outline:
Introduction
Summary of the Program Evaluation Model
Salient Variables in the Evaluation Process
Operationalism of Outcome Variables
Research Methodologies
Data Analytic Strategy
Feedback
Sustainability of Program
From the Paper
"The process used to identify salient variables for the evaluation phase is achieved through establishing set standards that are prioritized above other potential outcomes. These are identified as the objectives in the evaluation process. The criteria and standards of a program are taken into consideration. Specifically, Twemlow, Fonagy, Sacco, Gies, Evans, and Ewbank's (2001) efforts can be transformed into salient variables through identifying the purpose of the program and the rationale that is used as its foundation."
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Adolescent Smoking, 2008.
This paper is a literature review of research studies to determine if adolescents' personal conceptions of smoking or addiction deter or encourage them to smoke.
2,200 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that this literature review about adolescent smoking indicates the complex socio-cultural context in which personal conceptions arise. The author points out that, among the numerous variables affecting these conceptions are race, ethnicity, socio-cultural expectations, gender, peer group and nicotine. The paper summarizes that this literature review reveals that adolescents' conceptions both deter and encourage smoking. The author reports that all the researchers use quantitative methodologies and interpretive paradigms; however, a major limitation, which is common for all these studies, is that they are based on self-reports.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Studies
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Rasmussen-Cruz, Martin & Nuno-Gutierrez's (2006) purpose was to explore tobacco consumption and motives for use among university students. The research question was: why do university health sciences students who are informed about tobacco risks consume tobacco? The design was a basic quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The method was an online survey of 282 students, aged 15 to 24. The authors used an interpretive paradigm. The results were that conceptions involved motives such as coping with emotional problems, reported by 76 percent."
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The Typicality Effect, 2008.
This paper reports a study that tests the influence of blocked and random words on the typicality effect.
1,655 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the purpose of this study was to examine some of the characteristics of typicality, with regard to proto-typically versus non-proto-typically, category blocking, and interaction between typicality and category blocking. The authors tested three hypotheses: (1) Prototypical word lists will be recalled better than non-prototypical word lists. (2) Category blocking will demonstrate better recall rates than random retrieval. (3) Some interaction will exist between typicality and category blocking. The paper reports that there were ninety-one subjects participating in this survey, divided roughly evenly between males and females. The author concludes that the main effects of the hypotheses all proved to be significant, while the interaction was not significant.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Discussion
From the Paper
"Typicality is a simpler concept to understand than it might at first seem. Loken and Ward (1990) define typicality as the degree to which an object is representative of a given category. This basic and fundamental relationship exists between typicality and categories. For instance, a newborn canary might be considered less typical of the canary category than his fellow nestling if said canary sports blue feathers instead of yellow. This example is that of an atypical individual, one that does not easily fit into our preconceived notions of what constitutes a typical member of a group."
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Stock Charting Techniques, 2007.
This paper discuses stock charting techniques and presents five examples.
1,135 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that charting, in its most basic forms, is used to put fundamental measurements from an observation into a rational way of thinking ,thus bringing clarity to confusion. The author points out that charting primarily is dependent upon what data is being analyzed and who is doing the analysis. The paper stresses that charting can often become confusing because people make charts that display too much data within a single chart. Five charting techniques are illustrated in this paper: bar chart, candlestick charting, line charts, point and figure charts and three line break charts.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Charting Rationale
Charting Techniques
Charting Types
The Bar chart
Candlestick Charting
Line Charts
Point & Figure chart
Three Line Break Chart
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This type of charting shown below is very similar to that of the bar chart. Except during the period between the open of trading and the close of trading a solid thick line is drawn in during the time-period in question. The same line appears in the bar chart but is not as defined and is the section between the open and last trade. Often this type of charting is used to analyze the short term forecasts of the stock. In addition to this the basic solid square represents a day which closes with a low and the open square in the chart represents a day where closing is on a high note/price."
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Ford and Honda Economy Class Cars, 2007.
This paper is a complete market research paper comparing the Ford and the Honda economy class cars.
2,775 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, while Ford has only one true economy class car the Ford Focus, because economy is a core competency of Honda, it could be argued that the majority of its vehicles could be categorized as economy class based on fuel efficiency alone. The author used structured research observation and a detailed customer survey to collect customer opinion on several factors including fuel efficiency, quality and comfort. The paper concludes that the research indicates that Honda Motors soundly defeats Ford in almost every statistical category and that it understands both the market and its customers far better than its counterpart Ford. The paper includes the questionnaire, data tables and tabulations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Problem Statement
Purpose of Research
Rationale
Parameters
Limitations
Theoretical Foundation
Vehicle and Company Overview
Honda Overview
Ford Overview
Selection Criteria
Data Gathering Method
Evaluation
Data Presentation
Conclusions
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Honda Motor Company (Honda) is an innovative manufacturer known the world over for its engineering prowess and legendary reliability. Honda is Japan's third largest automotive manufacturer in Japan behind Toyota and Nissan and it is the globe's largest manufacturer of motorcycles. However, Honda is also a major manufacturer and producer of small engines and power plants, as well as small jet powered aircraft as of 2006. Honda's operations span the globe extending into every major region, including: North and South America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific Rim, as well as its home market of Japan."
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Autism, 2007.
This paper evaluates an article by R.P. Hobson and J.A. Meyer tittled "Foundations for Self and Other: A Study in Autism" and published in a 2005 issue of "Developmental Science".
910 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper is a peer review of a study on autism, titled "Foundations for Self and Other: A Study in Autism". The author points out that, in this study, the researchers sought to delve into the issue of self-others relationship in developmental psychology and theory of mind, particularly in the context of autistic children. The paper concludes that, although this experiment was conducted based on sound theory, the methodology was so complex that replication will be difficult.
From the Paper
"The researchers suggest that points-to-self in normal children were decreased by inaccessibility to representations of self through the experimenter, whereas autistic children were relatively unaffected. The researchers re-affirmed previous studies on autistics' propensity for adapting a "third person" stance as well as normal children's "natural" propensity to model others and "see" one's self in others. The additional finding that nearly all the subjects placed the stickers on their own bodies without instruction but adjusted its position according to the experimenter's instruction, led the researchers to conclude that "cross-person representation" was at work."
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A Windshield Survey, 2007.
This paper explains the use of a windshield survey as executed in the Boyd Hill area of Rock Hill, New York in Sullivan County.
2,395 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that a windshield survey of a community requires making observations, either by walking or driving, at different times of the day and week to more fully understand and evaluate a community. The author points out that this windshield survey for the Boyd Hill community was conducted as a community health project to assess the community and to identify any problems. The paper concludes that this survey of the neighborhood shows it to be a true neighborhood, which has seen better days, but the real problem with the community is that it has been isolated and divided by the road system in the town. The paper includes many charts and a graph.
From the Paper
"The community does contain a recreational center called the Boyd Hill Recreation Center, located at 1165 Constitution Boulevard. The center is situated on a 22-acre park and includes a gym, a conference room, an activity/games room, three outdoor basketball courts, ands a lighted baseball field on two small lots. The center also has two lighted tennis courts, a swimming pool, and a wooded trail for hiking. One of these trails is accessible to the handicapped. The park operates Monday through Thursday from 9:00 am to 8:00 pm and on Fridays from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm."
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"Preoperative Teaching and Hysterectomy Outcomes", 2007.
An analysis of the research study, "Preoperative Teaching and Hysterectomy Outcomes," written by S.L. Oetker-Black, S. Jones, P. Estok, M. Ryan, N. Gale and C. Parker.
1,278 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a qualitative analysis of the article "Preoperative Teaching and Hysterectomy Outcomes", a research study by Oetker-Black, Jones, Estok, Ryan, Gale and Parker. The paper describes the study purpose, as well as the nine hypotheses of the study. It then reviews the literature that was used and analyzes the study design used in the research. Finally, the paper looks at the strengths and limitations of the study.
Table of Contents:
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Question(s)
Hypothesis/Hypotheses
Study Variables
Conceptual Model\Theoretical Framework
Review of Related Literature
Study Design
Sample and Setting
Study Instruments/Tools
Data Collection Methods
Data Analysis Procedures
Strengths\Limitations
From the Paper
"Two threats to the internal validity of the study both were based on the data collectors used that were also the individuals selected to provide efficacy-based training to the study group. It is possible that patients responded to factors based on the collector's tone, demeanor or level of perceived compassion and interpreted this as nursing support to calm their anxiety rather than actually responding to the efficacy training. Similarly, the data collectors in post-surgical follow-up at six weeks and six months might have had the same effect and elicited different data than would have been provided on a self-reported questionnaire on paper."
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Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, 2007.
A research paper analyzing whether a factor besides the prion could be involved in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).
2,531 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the devastating Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). It describes the initial symptoms of CJD and it progression throughout the illness. The paper then analyzes the link between CJD and the prion protein in the brain. It also looks at diagnosis of the disease. The paper then goes on to research if the fact that CJD is limited to the central nervous system and olfactory-nerve tissue could indicate that some other factor besides the prion is involved. The paper presents the research design, its challenges and results.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Research Question
Methods
Research Team
Funding
Results
Leadership Skills
Challenges
Summary
From the Paper
"Very little is known about CJD in terms of what causes the mutation of the prion protein. Whereas sporadic CJD was always marked by low incidence since the 1920s, there is currently an alarming increase in the incidence of the disease in Switzerland. The reasons for this increase need to be studied immediately. After a decade of focus on the prion protein, studies are needed to determine underlying factors that may be affecting that protein to mutate. The mechanism by which the prion can avoid the immune system needs to be studied, along with the central question of how a protein can destroy neurons. The idea that a protein can destroy is a total paradox which needs to be resolved. Other questions concern how patients might be diagnosed without the need for invasive procedures."
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Nursing Research and its Contributions, 2007.
An analysis of the important contributions of nursing research to health care.
980 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the role and contribution of nursing research to health care. The paper focuses on evidence based practice in nursing and describes the importance of a nurse's involvement in research. The paper also acknowledges, however, the limitations that exist in attempting to answer all research questions with literature. It then discusses possibilities for overcoming the obstacles in the implementation of nursing research.
Table of Contents:
Roles of Nursing Research
Evidence-Based Practice
From the Paper
"Kurt Lewin's Change Theory can adequately describe the process necessary to overcome the obstacles in the implementation of nursing research. Lewin describes change can be induced in organizations or groups by first unfreezing prevalent cognitive concepts that affect perception of the new concept, relearning and refreezing the new concept (Schein, 2006). Unfreezing can begin by introducing new research in a series of lectures and symposia designed to highlight the current flaws in traditional practices and by emphasizing its strengths and limitations in order to redefine any preconceptions associated with it (Schein, 2006). Emphasis should also be placed on the success of other health care systems currently using it and its applicability to this hospital. Reinforcement of new evidence-based practices using group discussions serves to refreeze, re-evaluate and reset the prevailing norm to accept them as the new standard of care (Schein, 2006)."
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Assessment and Evaluation of Standardized Tests, 2007.
A review of the assessment and evaluation of the standardized Woodcock-Johnson III test.
2,214 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses standardized tests and evaluation tests used at Smithback Middle School, in terms of relevant publication information, stated purpose, participants and scoring and interpretation of results. The paper then focuses on the historical origins of the Woodcock-Johnson III test, looking at its purpose and development, as well as the advantages of its use.
Table of Contents:
Part I. Summary of Interview and Tests
Part II. Three Tests Used in this Setting
Part III. Further Exploration of the Woodcock-Johnson III Test
Conclusion
From the Paper
"At the time of its creation, the Woodcock-Johnson III test was much better suited towards identifying and describing the intellectual performance of younger persons than the standard IQ test. Cultivation of the methodologies over time suggest that it has been improved; while the IQ test has also been revised and retooled over the decades, it is necessary to identify these two tests as having distinctive outcomes."
"The Woodcock-Johnson III test seems to be useful to parents, teachers, and students. The limitation of the steep initial fee may be cost-prohibitive for some communities, but it is useful and can be reused. It is not fully known what the test can achieve in respect to allowing students with learning disabilities and special needs to participate in the traditional classroom setting."
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