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Research Article Analysis: Web-based Nursing Course, 2008.
This paper discuses the objectives and methodology of a research report by L. Hsu and S. Hsieh entitled "An Exploration of Scenario Discussion in a Web-Based Nursing Course".
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the intention of Hsu and Hsieh's research, "An Exploration of Scenario Discussion in a Web-Based Nursing Course", is to develop a nursing course to meet the needs of nursing students in technically advanced health care settings where scenario discussions, web-based instruction (WBI) and assessment of learning outcomes are the priorities. The author points out that this type of nursing course is intended to correspond to the realities of contemporary nursing and to equip students for a very different role from that to which nurses in the past have been accustomed. The paper commends the logical progression from the literature review to the research purpose in that the literature supports the purpose. The author reports that Hsu and Hsieh used a combination of quantitative and qualitative designs. The paper states that this study should be redesigned to separate the learning processes and learning outcomes from development of the scenario discussion website because the latter is given inordinate emphasis.
Table of Content:
Purpose
Literature Review
Research Questions
Methodology
From the Paper
"Even the demographic profile of the participants is largely concerned with exposure to the Internet. Participants' feelings such as anxiety or frustration due to lack of familiarity with scenario discussion consistently were given prominence. The four themes were based on responses to the open-ended questions and were concerned with both positive and negative experiences. Positive experiences included enhanced knowledge, rich content, and integrated information; negative reactions mainly were related to an inability to identify crucial information or poor recall of information. Reactions by participants ranged from satisfaction with new learning and thought patterns to stress and irritation. The researchers were equally concerned with attitudinal and institutional barriers encountered by the participants to online learning as they were with the beneficial aspects of the teaching platforms. The outcomes of this study are expressed in subjective terms such as satisfaction, frustration and anger."
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Correctional Staff Work and Family Conflict, 2008.
This paper analyzes a study of possible antecedents of correctional staff work on family conflict.
1,504 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews a study done on one mid-western correctional facility that explored the possible antecedents of correctional staff work on family conflict. The paper examines the measures of validity and reliability, as well as proposed changes in methodology for increased validity and reliability. The paper also looks at methodology for the reliability of future studies.
Outline:
Part 1: Validity and Reliability in General
Face Validity
Content Validity
Criterion Validity
Predictive Validity
Construct Validity
Alternate-Forms Reliability
Inter-observer Reliability
Inter-item Reliability
Part 2: Improvements in Reliability and Validity
Replication of the Study
From the Paper
"Self reporting studies are inherently, unless carefully crafted, in the areas of validity and reliability. When reviewing validity, the three measurement areas of idiosyncratic individual errors, generic individual errors, and method factors are all difficult to overcome in self reported studies. The perception of self and of surroundings can be as varied as the individuals self reporting the results to the researchers. Further, the motivation to be completely accurate and candid with the researchers is not evident, especially in this case where the researchers were paying for the results. The researchers chose to study only one correctional facility, and of the 450 possible respondents, received only 275 responses. (Lambert & Hogan, 2006, p.21) These factors lead to the low levels of validity and reliability further explored below."
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A Dialectological Study, 2007.
This paper is a dialectological study of the Peel Region, Southern Ontario, a mainly suburban area of Toronto with many new Canadians from around the world.
1,010 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a dialectological study of the Peel region first seemed impossible due to the high ethnic diversity of the region; however, the research revealed that Peel does feature an idiom different from that of Toronto. The author points out that some verification was possible when contrasting what was heard of the English spoken by diverse Torontonians on public transit as compared to the English that new Canadians acquired if they both lived and worked in Peel. The paper stresses that this research underscores that it is not true that globalization has created a world of uniform speakers of American-English. The author concludes that this preliminary research produced the thesis that the rise of local economies that absorb people who might otherwise commute to work elsewhere promises a degree of insularity to encourage certain forms of expression. It also seemed that the first language spoken mattered less than the kind of English one learned or adopted in Canada.
Table of Contents:
Telling Remarks
Discussion
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"A man born in Punjab, a Canadian for 25 years, stated that there could be no Peel dialect due to a diverse population and the influence of TV that had made North American accents quite similar. At the same time, he used to syllable of "eh" and also happened to use another bit of rural jargon in referring to having gone "down" to Kingston recently when most certainly he meant across. A total of 10 subjects agreed with his opinion that there was no Peel accent or dialect but said that they found the English spoken in Toronto very halting, as if it was assumed that no stranger had English as the first language or a good command of it."
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Article Analysis: Estrogen Metabolites in a Multiracial Population, 2007.
A critical analysis of an article by Sowers, Crawford, McConnell and Randolph, entitled 'Selected Diet and Lifestyle Factors are Associated with Estrogen Metabolites in a Multiracial/Ethnic Population of Women".
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that there are significant problems in terms of conceptualization and methodology in the research reported by Sowers et. al. in the article 'Selected Diet and Lifestyle Factors are Associated with Estrogen Metabolites in a Multiracial/Ethnic Population of Women'. The author points out that the troubling methodological problems throughout the framework of this paper include ambiguous phrases, deceptive statistics, the overlooking of rival causes, inadequate justification of the project and the fundamental disconnect between the research questions and the results. The paper stresses that there is no justification for the authors' use of race/ethnicity as a variable in this study, particularly given that the authors pay absolutely no regard to the importance of socio-economic status as a variable. The author underscores that the harm of this research is that it implies inherently bad health to minorities, in this case, to African-American women, which risks perpetuating racist stereotypes.
From the Paper
"The authors find that African-American women have significantly lower levels of estrogen metabolites than either White or Asian women; a number that they suggest is inherent in the racial group as it is not correlated to lifestyle factors. To attain this result, the authors measure the independent variable of race/ethnicity against dependent dietary and lifestyle variables. Other variables such as age are controlled. However, one obvious variable - a particularly important one given the focus of the study - is entirely absent from the analysis: socio-economic status."
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An Ethnographic Study: The Anna Nicole Smith Hearing, 2007.
An ethnographic analysis of the televising of a hearing in Florida on disposition of the body of recently deceased Anna Nicole Smith.
2,145 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that an ethnographic analysis of an event and its presentation should consider the nature of the event itself, the nature of the targeted audience, and the characteristics of the commentary that becomes part of the presentation as well as how the different elements interact. The author points out that televising this hearing alone suggests certain cultural forces at work. The paper relates that "tabloid celebrity" characterizes the culture that kept track of Smith's activities and influenced the way this hearing was covered by all the news media. The paper relates that the popularity of reality-television influenced the news outlets to use the hearing to attract a large audience. The paper further relates that the courtroom has its own culture embedded within the larger culture and that when courtroom proceedings are telecast on television, the two cultures come together and may conflict. The paper concludes that the court often claims not to be influenced by the circus outside, but in this case, the circus outside was greatly influenced by the circus inside.
From the Paper
"The final day of the hearing was February 23, 2007, by which time the prevailing view of the proceedings was that it was a circus. Judge Larry Seidlin of Broward County was the judge for the proceedings, and he set the tone to a great degree. His behavior became the target of critics who saw his folksy mode of speaking and his informality as drawbacks, but many observers found some of his statements bizarre. The public is familiar with the general methods and tone of a courtroom from other courtroom transmissions, and the style of this hearing differed."
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Intolerance in Army Nursing Facilities, 2008.
A research proposal, written by a research candidate, for studying racial, ethnic and cultural intolerance in army nursing facilities in Canada.
938 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a project proposal which aims to study racial, ethnic and cultural intolerance in army nursing facilities in Canada. The writer discusses how he would go about conducting his research and discusses the type of questionnaire that he would use. It briefly looks at the reasons why this study is important and describes its budget and time-line. The writer concludes by discussing why he is the appropriate candidate to conduct the research.
From the Paper
"This writer is turning to the Social Sciences and Research Council of Canada because there will undoubtedly be significant travel expenses involved. Most notably, there are no military hospitals in the Greater Toronto Area and several of the nurses to whom I have already spoken indicated that they would be more comfortable with a "face-to-day" interview than with merely answering the queries via questionnaire. Additionally, the expenses incurred from distributing the questionnaire and from computing the results will have to borne by this writer alone. Because of the Council's commitment to academic excellence and to truth-seeking in all areas of Canadian society, I am turning to your organization for support in seeing to it that this important matter is investigated."
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Grounded Theory, 2008.
This paper discuses grounded theory, which is one method of qualitative research and a form of field research, and applies this approach to the field of nursing.
1,675 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the outstanding feature of grounded theory is that researchers never begin with a theory but identify various constructs in the data generated by the study. The author points out that underlying grounded theory is the sociological perspective of symbolic interactionism. The paper defines the theory of symbolic interationism stating that the way people behave and interact is determined by the way they impose their meanings and interpret the symbolism they encounter in their lives. The author relates that grounded theory is of great value to nursing research because it can be empirically tested. The paper reports that grounded theory has been used effectively to investigate issues relating to the nursing profession such as nursing education, practice and administration.
From the Paper
"Any concepts and variables that emerge are then interrelated by using core variables. Core variables are extremely important as the discovery of a core variable is the whole purpose of grounded theory. The core variable is what gives meaning to the central theme and also explains what is taking place with the data. The core variable also is the central concept for the sake of theory generation and the entire value of the theory depends on that core variable. There are six features associated with the core variable."
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Henry and Ginzberg's "Racial Discrimination in Employment", 2007.
This paper reviews the methodology of a research project by Frances Henry and Effie Ginzberg entitled "Racial Discrimination in Employment", which asserts that at least in the 1990s, racism was a staple of the Toronto job market.
1,750 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Frances Henry and Effie Ginzberg's research revealed the apparent bias of the authors as well as their willingness to predicate their research based on their questionable methodology that was only "quasi-experimental" in nature. The author points out his or her critical concern about Henry and Ginzberg's definition of discrimination and whether or not they are being unjustly harsh in their assessment of many common employment practices. The paper relates that, nonetheless, there are strengths in the article such as having black testers and white testers apply for the same position and go to the same place to be interviewed, which makes possible a very good comparative analysis. The authors stresses that these in-person interviews rely upon anecdotal evidence collected at the site by the tester and not upon any independent statistical analysis.
From the Paper
"The problem with having professional actors is that they are obviously not playing themselves; suffice it to say, a case can be made that the in-person testing process was not as authentic as it should have been because thespians were trying to be someone else - as opposed to having ordinary people play themselves in the job interview process without affectation. The biggest problem I see in the decision of Henry and Ginzberg to use professional performers is that professional actors in such a circumstance could "ape" certain mannerisms or employ stereotypical behavior that might in some way distort the outcome of the interview."
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Compensation Bonus Plan, 2008.
A research proposal for a compensation bonus plan.
2,919 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the question of whether an organization can identify the compensation strategy that is most effective for it and how it can establish a methodology to ascertain what that compensation strategy might be. The paper includes a completed review of the relevant literature as well as a research design methodology. Finally, the importance of compensation strategies to contemporary organizations is noted and personal reflections of the author's relationship with God are revealed as central to the development of this project.
Outline:
Abstract
Problem Statement
Research Objectives
Literature Review
Importance of Study
Research Design
Budget
Measurement
Reflections
From the Paper
"Compensation strategies typically fall within the functional control of human resources (HR) within most organizations. HR management has become one of the last remaining functional areas of an organization where differentiation can be achieved in the marketplace and where competitors might still be appreciably out performed. The reasons for this revolve around the ubiquitous and relative inexpensive character of technology and technological applications that have levelled the competitive field across all industries. Essentially, no matter where a company is located it can access and deploy the very same technological solutions as any other competitor; thus, organizations have determined, and correctly so, that human resources are a vital source of competitive edge if managed properly. "
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Evidence-based Practice in Mental Health, 2008.
An analysis of the strengths and limitations of Sandra Tanenbaum's research article, "Evidence-based Practice in Mental Health: Practical Weaknesses meet Political Strengths."
1,554 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Sandra Tanenbaum's research article, "Evidence-based Practice in Mental Health: Practical Weaknesses meet Political Strengths." It assesses the merits of the article as well as its potential problems. The paper analyzes all the aspects of the research study and then enumerates its strengths and limitations.
Table of Contents:
Problem
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Study Design
Subjects and Setting
Data Collection Methods
Data Analysis Procedures
Strengths and Limitations of the Research
From the Paper
"Two of the major weaknesses in Tanenbaum's study are in her selection of evidence and the overall lack of descriptive information concerning her methods. The limitation of evidence selection is not unique to Tanenbaum's research but is instead a major problem associated with all literature-based qualitative research papers, as it is easy to see the selection of content as "cherry picking" specific items that support the author's point of view. As for the second limitation, Tanenbaum places the majority of descriptive information in the Abstract to her paper and this makes it difficult to assess the overall design of the study. It also makes it difficult to assess the validity of the study, and to that extent it is not known how or why the study is valid. However, as Tanenbaum provides a balanced presentation of materials, it can be inferred that the study is as valid as a qualitative research paper using an archival methodology can be. She also recommends that more research is needed in EBP, and points out areas in which this research can be attempted."
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Dr. David Snowdon's "Aging with Grace", 2007.
This paper describes and analyzes Dr. David Snowdon's book "Aging with Grace: What the Study Teaches Us About Leading Longer, Healthier, and More Meaningful Lives"
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Dr. David Snowdon's book "Aging with Grace" represents fascinating insights into the nature of health, disease and the factors that define the realities of daily life. The author points out that this book also describes a groundbreaking research project that studied the health vectors shaping the lives of hundreds of Catholic nuns across life-spans of many decades. The paper stresses the critical methodological importance of the sample group because it allowed the researchers to eliminate many of the variables that complicate and undermine studies of aging and Alzheimer's. The author indicates that the advantage of the sample was that the nuns presented the researchers with detailed records of their lives, health conditions, and intellectual capacities (e.g., written autobiographies) for a large population spanning decades.
Table of Contents:
Description
Analysis
From the Paper
"Over the course of twelve chapters, complete with pictures and biographies of many of the participants in the study, the author describes how important such practices as reading and emotional stability are to ensuring that the brain has the capacity to repair or "patch" damage over the course of a long life. As the likelihood of Alzheimer's increases with age, one of the surprising findings of this study is that the symptoms of Alzheimer's (e.g., forgetfulness, dementia) often have little to do with the rate of progression of the disease."
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