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Working Women, 2008.
This paper discusses the lives of working women who need to combine the demands of a job and the needs of home.
1,774 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that income level absolutely impacts virtually every dynamic within a family. Countless studies have been performed that focus on virtually every variable within a family dynamic and each have shown the impact of that variable upon the stability, health, finances, education, longevity, happiness, and every other aspect of family life. The writer discusses that one of the most frequently debated family variables is the work/career status of the matriarch of the family; and one of the most significant sub-variables is the income level associated with the job held by the mother. The writer concludes that the professional mother is better able to provide for her family's needs than her working-class counterparts. Therefore, the writer maintains that it is better for the family to have a professional working mother, than a working-class working mother.
From the Paper
"This is the life of the professional woman. If she wants to get ahead, or even just keep her job, the professional is expected to put in longer hours than the wage-earning working-class woman, she is expected to often place the needs of the business over the needs of her family, and that means, most often, time. However, the professional woman is also more frequently in a job that grants her greater work-time flexibility, a larger number of paid vacation days, and more liberal benefits when it comes to taking care of the family. This is particularly true within larger corporations - so these women are giving up time with their family and putting their children into the care of others for longer periods of time in order to achieve a higher income level and to get much better benefits than are offered (if available at all) to their working-class counterparts."
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Martha Graham, 2008.
This paper discusses the life story of the American dancer, Martha Graham.
1,777 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the contribution of American dancer, Martha Graham, who pioneered a technique of her own that became part of the contemporary dance milieu. The paper relates the life story of Graham and looks at how she broke with traditions and made a name for herself in the dance world.
Outline:
The Late Blooming of a Dancer
The Martha Graham We Knew
The Evolution of Martha Graham
The Graham Technique and Expressionist Choreography
The Triumph and the Legacy
From the Paper
"Martha Graham's story as a dancer was unlike others whose lives were rags to riches stories or struggled through harsh economic conditions and braved all to be one of the greats not only in the world of dancing but in the annals of history as well. Graham was born into a wealthy family who traced their lineage back to Miles Standish - a New England hero who were with the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower. In 1909 the family relocated to Santa Barbara, California (Gale Cengage Learning, 2007). "Her father, a doctor specializing in nervous disorders, was very interested in diagnosis through attention to physical movement. This belief in the body's ability to express its inner senses was pivotal in Graham's desire to dance. Athletic as a young girl, Graham did not find her calling until she was in her teens. (Public Broadcasting Service, 2007)" Graham's formal training in dance began at the University of Cumnoch where she studied theater and dance from 1913 to 1916. Thereafter, she joined the Denishawn School managed by the husband and wife tandem, Ruth St.-Denis and Ted Shawn. Denishawn became Graham's second home where she learned classical and modern dance. Denishawn also specialized in that which was novel and exotic to American sensibilities: Greek pageants, Japanese sword dances, sexy Spanish flamencos (Gale Cengage Learning, 2007). During her eight years at Denishawn, Graham was not only a student but she did some instructing on her own when she got better with her craft. It is at Denishawn also that Graham met the composer Louis Horst."
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Analysis of "The Yellow Wallpaper", 2008.
This paper provides an analysis of the work "The Yellow Wallpaper" by C.P. Gilman.
1,344 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer introduces and analyzes the short story "The Yellow Wallpaper" by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Specifically, the writer critically analyzes the literary elements of the story along with women's concerns specific to the period when the story was written in 1891. The writer notes that Gilman's story is the tragic tale of a woman's descent into madness at the hands of the men in her life, specifically her doctor and her husband, who control her every movement until she goes mad. The writer points out that women at the turn of the 20th century had very little say in their own lives, and were usually at the mercy of their husbands for their living conditions, relationships, and even taking care of their own family, just as the woman in the story is. The writer discusses that women were beginning to stand up for themselves and demand better treatment, and many critics feel Gilman's work is one of the classic feminist works of all time, and especially of the period.
From the Paper
"Finally, the symbolism of the wallpaper in the story adds to the tense atmosphere that clearly exists between the narrator and her husband. The wallpaper is a very real symbol of the societal issues that keep them apart. The narrator begins to fear her husband, and even hate him a little, and she begins to hide things from him that she knows he would not approve of or condone. The wallpaper is the visual symbol of the barrier that exists between them because of the mores and beliefs of a society that devalues women instead of empowering them, and that is another reason this is such a disturbing story.
"Interestingly, the wallpaper itself, which becomes almost a character in itself in the story, was beginning to go out of fashion at the time Gilman wrote this story."
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Feminist Hero Literature, 2008.
Compares the protagonist feminist heroes of Jean Rhys' "Voyage in the Dark" and Nawal El Saadawi's "Woman at Point Zero".
1,475 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper contrasts the protagonists, Anna Morgan in Jean Rhys' "Voyage in the Dark" and Firdaus in Nawal El Saadawi's "Woman at Point Zero". The author relates that Voyage in the Dark, written in 1934, is narrated in first person by the then nineteen-year-old Anna who, in 1912, is exiled from her small Caribbean Island of Dominica and travels to England. Although written generations later in 1975 by Arab-nationalist and feminist Nawal El Saadawi, "Woman at Point Zero" addresses similar themes of a male dominated and controlled, class hierarchal society. The paper describes the plot of each book explaining that both heroes have to confront the barriers that exist against women; however, in the end, the two women take opposite directions.
From the Paper
"The difficulty for both Anna and Firdau is that they do not want to be with men who mistreat them. However, in their societies, they have no choice but to turn to such arrogant and violent men for survival. "A virtuous women was not supposed to complain about her husband. Her duty was perfect obedience". It is a horrible, no-win situation. For example, Firdaus' uncle promises her for marriage to a sixty-year-old man who has a facial deformity that is filled with pus. He leaps on her "like a mad dog"."
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Immigrant Persian-American Women and Violence, 2008.
A research paper examining the experiences of Persian-American women who managed to successfully escape domestic violence.
15,105 words (approx. 60.4 pages), 50 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a phenomenological study that evaluates life experiences of Persian-American women who live in the southern California area who were able to escape a domestic violence. It reveals their lifestyle, challenges and the journey they select to separate themselves from traditional social male dominated environments to adopt a more liberated lifestyle. Specifically, the paper explores and reveals the central phenomenon of successful stories of immigrant Persian-American women who experienced domestic violence and managed to escape the abusive environment.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter 1: Introduction
Background of the Problem
Purpose Statement
Significance of the Study's Contribution
Nature of the Study
Research Questions
Conceptual Framework
Definition of Terms
Assumptions
Scope, Limitations and Delimitations
Scope of Study
Limitations of Study
Delimitations of Study
Summary
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature
Chapter 3: Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Sample Population
Chapter 4: Data Analysis
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"This original and influential women's movement against the Islamization policies of the new regime began with various anti-veil protests and evolved into sit-ins and work stoppages in ministries, hospitals, government agencies and girls' high-schools, resulting in the creation of dozens of women's associations and groups in public and private institutions and agencies and in every university (Moghissi, 2004). Under other circumstances, these initiatives could have provided the primary catalyst required to ensure the development of an effective democratic movement in defense of human rights, social justice and democracy, which were in fact the three stated goals of the 1979 Iranian revolution; however, in the political mood prevailing in post-revolutionary Iran, feminist demands for women's autonomy and the right to choice were deemed irrelevant to the overriding goals of introducing Islamization policies that would further disenfranchise and marginalize these female activists."
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Race, Gender, and Work, 2008.
This paper analyzes the book "Race, Gender and Work: A Multicultural Economic History of Women in the United States" by Teresa Amott and Julie Matthaei.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce and analyze the book "Race, Gender and Work: A Multicultural Economic History of Women in the United States" by Teresa Amott and Julie Matthaei. Specifically, it discusses why the analysis of women's work in terms of race, class, and history is essential to the study of contemporary work issues.
From the Paper
"This liturgy is repeated throughout American history through Chicana women, Black women, European immigrant women, and Asian women. White men created the societal rules, and women had to conform to them. In the contemporary workplace, these male-dominated rules still largely govern hiring practices and jobs available to women. This actually began in the 19th century when it became more common for people to seek wage-work rather than providing for themselves on a farm or other family business. Many men began to work outside the home, leaving the tending of home, family, reproduction, and other responsibilities to the women at home, of course unpaid. Most of the companies hiring men (and some single women) were owned by white male capitalists, who hired a majority of men in their factories and offices. Women that could not afford servants took on more responsibilities, while the entire American culture began to revolve around home, hearth, and the women who maintained this domesticity."
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Analysis of Thomas Hardy's Women Characters, 2008.
A thesis paper analyzing the female characters in Thomas Hardy's "Tess of the D'Urbervilles" and "Jude the Obscure" in the light of feminist criticism.
19,400 words (approx. 77.6 pages), 33 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
The novels of Thomas Hardy have created intense critical debate and discussion in recent years, especially in terms of post-structuralist and feminist readings and interpretations of the texts. A central focus of this critical and theoretical literary discourse is the apparent ambivalence and ambiguity that many scholars perceive in the works with regard to his attitude towards women and their place in society. This apparent ambiguity in Hardy's presentation of women forms the underlying and central trajectory of thought in this paper and an attempt is made to relate these critical views to the two main texts under discussion; as well as presenting an overall view of the feminist stance as it pertains to the interpretation of the selected texts. A further and equally important dimension of this study is the exploration of the view that Hardy's perception towards women was influenced by the conservative society and times in which he lived. This paper also explores to what extent the writer questioned and opposed the patriarchal views that were dominant in Victorian society at the time. The central core of the present analysis of Hardy's novels is therefore focused on feminist interpretations and critiques of the works in question. More specifically, the feminist critique is involved with the post structuralist and postmodern deconstruction of western society and the interrogation of the constructs and master narratives that inform or create various social attitudes and perceptions of gender. This is an aspect that is developed in the theory section of the present study and is expanded on further in the analysis of the novels. A central fulcrum around which the discussion in this paper revolves is the apparent ambiguities and contradictions in Hardy's works, when seen from a feminist perspective. This paper also attempts to reconcile these two seemingly opposing views of the works to some extent. Another central element in this analysis of Hardy's novels is the focus on the politics of sex and the cultural and social norms and values that played an important part in the view of women and gender discrimination in Victorian society. There is little doubt that Victorian society had a very narrow view of the potential and individuality of women. There are many feminist views, concepts and theoretical constructs that are also incorporated into the analysis of the texts. For example, the importance of the theory that society "politicizes" the female body and the way that the female body is objectified and becomes an "object of desire" rather then a living person. However, throughout this analysis a balance is maintained between the theoretical views and analytical tools that are used by feminist critics and an analysis of the text itself. In other words, the theoretical views are measured against the actual text.
Outline:
1. Introduction
1.2. Thomas hardy and Victorian society: a brief background.
2. Feminist theory and Hardy
2.1. Modern theoretical trajectories and feminism
2.1. 1. A note on post - structuralism and postmodernism
2.2. Feminist theory and literary criticism
2.3. The Social and cultural context
2. 4. The Male Gaze
3. Tess of the d'Urbervilles
3.1. The problem of Hardy as a feminist novel
3.2. Overview
3.3. Tess and traditional feminist interpretations
3.4. Tess of the D'Urbervilles and sexual politics
3.5. Sexual construction
3.6. The development of Tess and the fight against the 'male gaze'
4. Jude the Obscure
4.1. Introduction and overview
4.2. Brief summary of the novel
4.3. The male world divided from nature
4.4. Arabella
4.5. Sue
5. Conclusion and Assessment
6. Bibliography
From the Paper
"The most imperative aspect that Mitchell notes is that feminist interpretations are extremely important in an understanding of these works due to the fact that female characters and issues surrounding sexuality and gender form such an important part of almost all of Hardy's novels and cannot be ignored in terms of modern analysis. This may seem like a rather obvious point but in many of Hardy's works the focus is on the female characters as a reflection of and comment on society and the cultural milieu of the novels.
"Sexuality and its ramifications in terms of characters like Tess in Tess of the D'Urbervilles is also an important aspect of contemporary feminist critique that applies to the novels. This is an aspect that is especially important in an analysis of the novels.
"One of the most important early feminist critics of the work of Thomas Hardy is Mary Jacobus (1975). Her work has been focused on the psychological dimensions and representations of Sue Bridehead and the nature of her emancipation, in Jude the Obscure. (Harvey 183)."
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Rape in Organized Crime, 2008.
This paper provides a critical analysis of rape in organized crime, particularly prostitution and human trafficking for the sex trade industry.
17,500 words (approx. 70.0 pages), 94 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a critical analysis of rape in organized crime, particularly prostitution and human trafficking for the sex trade industry. It includes the history of rape in organized crime of prostitution and the cultural norms that promoted and advanced this industry during olden times. Thereafter this paper highlights the present dilemma of rape in organized crime of prostitution and human trafficking. Subsequently, the scope of organized crime of prostitution and human trafficking is discussed. Then cultural and societal issues promoting rape and prostitution are highlighted. Next, this paper discusses the underlying causes of rape, prostitution and human trafficking. After that, the reasons for using rape and the effect it has on organized crime are revealed. Subsequently, the impact of rape on the trafficked women and children is uncovered. Consequently, this paper exposes the impact of rape on the organized crime industry of prostitution. Lastly, this paper discusses the relationship between rape, prostitution and law. In addition, there is also an account for why this abhorrent crime has a low reporting and conviction rate in the developed world.
Outline:
Introduction
Section 1: History of Rape and Prostitution
Section 2: The Present Dilemma of Rape in Organized Crime of Prostitution and Human Trafficking
Section 3: The Scope of Organized Crime of Prostitution and Human Trafficking
Section 4: Cultural and Societal Issues Promoting Rape and Prostitution
Section 5: The Underlying Causes of Rape, Prostitution and Human Trafficking
Economic Aspect of Prostitution and Rape
The Relationship between Poverty and Feminization
Underground Economy and Corruption
Individual Factors of Prostitutes
Section 6: Why Rape is Used and the Effect it has in Organized Crime
Ensnaring
Establishing Dependence
Seizing Control
Total Supremacy
Section 7: The Impact of Rape and Violence on the Trafficked Women
Section 8: The Impact of Rape and Prostitution on the Organized Crime Industry
Section 9: Rape, Prostitution and Law
Reasons for Non-Reporting
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"In addition, Leuchtag (2003) asserts that human trafficking for sexual exploitation is quite rarely taken up as a human rights violation. In fact more often than not, it is taken up as a national security issue and/or illegal immigration issue. In addition, very often governments and the criminal justice systems complicate human trafficking with smuggling. What is common across both smuggling and human trafficking is that both involve movement of goods/people across borders through unofficial channels (Leuchtag, 2003). Raymond (2002) in his study criticized the amalgamation of human trafficking with smuggling. He argues that one involves the consent of the parties involved, that is, the exporter and the importer of goods; while the other is a form of slavery being carried out by the organized crime mafia. Moreover, the movement of people across borders involves sexual exploitation and gross violation of basic human rights (Raymond, 2002). The trafficked people are mostly from the poorest part of the world that has been deprived of the basic rights and privileges to begin with. They are taken from being in a position of misery to further suffering in the form of rape, abuse, torture and battering (Carrington and Hearn, 2003)."
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The Indian Wedding Feast, 2008.
A research paper that illustrates how the caste system, religious beliefs and culture of India perpetuates lavish consumption of the Indian wedding feast.
19,465 words (approx. 77.9 pages), 25 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research paper attempts to show that the Indian Hindu wedding feast has changed its form and content, but its meanings in terms of family politics, social and religious norms have not changed. The dissertation includes evidence that can prove that, despite globalization, modernization, and import of western ideas and cultures, the function of the weeding feast has not changed despite the changes in the form and content. In other words, while the cuisine elements due to additional foods and spices being introduced have changed, the tradition of the consumption of food and the meanings behind this consumption have continued to remain the same over time.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Research Questions
Significance of the Research
Methodology
Literature Review
The Caste System In India
The Hindu Marriage Ceremony
The Woman in the Society and Family Hierarchy in India
Food, Eating, and the Wedding Feast in India
Review of the Literature Reviewed In this Study
From the Paper
"The work of Bloch, Rao and Desai relates that the marriage of a daughter in India in the costliest event in the life of this family which many times results in the parents of the daughter getting into great debt with interest rates "of over 200 percent." The expenditure on food for a wedding is stated to be "more than six times a family's annual income" and many times forces the family into "destitution and bonded labor, especially when there are several daughters to be married." Gender discrimination that occurs in India has been attributed to this specific economic burden."
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Girls and Computer Gaming, 2008.
Looks at girls and the computer gaming industry from both a feminist and a marketing perspective.
8,585 words (approx. 34.3 pages), 35 sources, MLA, $ 181.95
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Abstract
This research paper focuses on the significant gender discrepancy in the amount and form of computer use. The writer points out that, as the general public acknowledges that in order for children and youth to participate in this new and quickly changing technical world, they must have a certain degree of interest, comfort and competence in computer use. It is, therefore, the responsibility of society to ensure that girls are just as competent as their male peers in computer use. The paper then attempts to determine the reason for the gender difference in computer games and what changes are required to enhance girls' computer literacy.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Feminism and Computer Games
Girls vs. Boys Computer Gaming Interest and Usage
Computer Games for Girls
Marketing Girls' Computer Games
Game Playing Statistics
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The impact of these social constructions is very real. They are part of a connection that exists between computer games and later interest and skills in technology that begins even before adolescence and continues throughout a person's lifetime that deals specifically with the gender issue. Females are socialized away from game play, which leads to a self-fulfilling prophesy for technology use: Girls who do not play become women who do not use computing technology or go into the computing fields of endeavor."
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Women in Film, 2008.
An examination of the portrayal of women in films during the 1940s and 1950s.
6,910 words (approx. 27.6 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 156.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the way women are depicted in film generally reflects how women are viewed in the society, which produced the film. The women in the 1940 films were empowered because of woman who worked in a factory during the war; however, the 1950s film depicted a return to a more domestic image of women, though challenged by the sex bomb. The author points out that these film images of women contributed to the unrest and dissatisfaction that led to the development of the women's liberation movement in the 1960s. The paper analyzes in detail 1940s films "The Philadelphia Story", Mildred Pierce", "Now, Voyager" and "Double Indemnity " and 1950s films "The African Queen", "Heaven Knows, Mr. Allison", "The Girl Can't Help It" and "Some Like It Hot".
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Forties
The Fifties
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Elizabeth Mulvey describes the view prevalent of the woman as being woman as icon, and Tracy clearly does represent an iconic image to every male in the film and to many of the woman as well. She is the goddess to Dexter, Connor, and her fiancee, though in different ways and with differing degrees of acceptance. To her father, she is a failed woman, a woman who will never be a true woman until she changes her way of relating to men and her way of being looked at and being displayed."
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Discourse of "Desire" in 'The Diviners', 2008.
This paper discusses the concept of satisfying desire by looking within, by looking at the discourse of 'desire' in Margaret Laurence's "The Diviners".
1,277 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that in Margaret Laurence's 1975 novel 'The Diviners', desire becomes a vehicle of feminist and personal liberation for the middle-aged protagonist, Morag Gunn. The writer notes that more than anything, Morag desires to find a true, rather than a false identity. The writer maintains that it is not the content of her work, but Margaret Laurence's wisdom, mixed with irony and humor, that brings insight to the reader. The writer concludes that the author writes in favor of a mature decision to cease to yearn for external change, and to satisfy one's desire through internal reflection.
From the Paper
"But it is not movement that gives her peace. Rather it is actively seeking peaceful solitude within, not finding elevated social status or fulfillment in her marital or extramarital relationships. Changing her external geography is not a complete form of self-actualization for the protagonist. The novel stresses that the liberating power of desire is not only found in sexuality or a change of place for a woman, but simply a desire to achieve a complete sense of identity and selfhood in solitude can be just as empowering.
"Morag's desire for authentic selfhood shows her continually wrestling with what society construes as status, and what she believes has real worth and merit. For example, initially, Morag sought her self-actualization through her desire to experience life outside of a provincial town and outside of a life limited by education. But this mode of liberation became stifling because of the relationship she had with her husband, even though he taught at a university. She was still constrained by feelings of inferiority and a sense that she was not living her own life."
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