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The Right to Die, 2007.
This paper discusses why patients should be able to control when and how they die.
1,136 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that older Americans with chronic illness are increasingly demanding the right to control what happens to them during their last few months of life, but they have no right to do so because the practice of euthanasia is illegal in America. As a result, the writer maintains that they are robbed of their dignity during their final days as unspeakable pain renders them helpless. The writer notes that the medical community cannot adequately manage older Americans' pain. The writer points out that in most circumstances, the courts protect the patient's right to decide about medical treatment, but they draw the line with euthanasia. Unfortunately, there is a religious majority that wields great political pressure at the expense of the critically ill. The writer argues that this is a situation that needs to change.
Outline:
Introduction
Why Patients Should Be Able to Control When and How They Die
It is Immoral to Subject Dying Patients to Unnecessary Pain and Suffering
The Medical Community Can Not Adequately Address Pain Management
Personal and Religious Beliefs of a Few Should Not Impede an Individual's Right to Decide How They Die
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Older Americans with chronic illness are increasingly demanding the right to control what happens to them during this time with many wanting euthanasia, physician assisted suicide, as an option. Data from the American Psychological Associate verify the tremendous pain endured by the terminally ill while the National Institutes of Health acknowledge that this pain is often impossible to manage. Even so, most Americans do not have the ability to determine their own destiny; they have to endure needless pain and suffering because of the influence of the personal and religious beliefs of others that it is somehow more humane to let people suffer than it is to end their pain and suffering."
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Stereotypes, 2007.
A discussion regarding stereotypes, focusing on old age and homosexuality.
1,003 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the issue of stereotypes. The paper focuses on the aging and homosexual communities, to provide examples of stereotyping. According to the paper, not all older people have hearing problems, forget all the time, live in nursing homes, refrain from sex and have stopped learning. The paper further reports that gays are not "made" gay by the person who raises them nor are all gay men after nothing but sex.
From the Paper
"This common misconception of older people as poor, frail, fearful, depressed, idle, unwanted and selfish does not agree with their self-perception. Lou Harris and Associates compared the public's expectations of the problems connected with aging to the responses of older people about their actual problems (Fugate and Lamdin). On all these commonly agreed upon ideas about aging, public expectations were dramatically more negative than by what older people said: 77 percent of older people do not fear crime; 79 percent consider themselves in good health; 85 percent have enough money; 88 percent are not lonely; 93 percent feel needed; and 94 percent keep busy. Nor, does the mind go quickly as one becomes older, with great forgetfulness, lack of learning ability and senility."
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The Future Implications of Improved Health, 2007.
An in-depth discussion of the rising health and medical costs of the elderly population in the US.
4,115 words (approx. 16.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 110.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the growing aging population whose social security and pension plans are no longer covering the majority of their health costs. The paper examines the dilemma faced by the elderly population, the young taxpayers and government agencies responsible for their support. The paper maintains that without a solution that adequately addresses this problem, the opportunity to live longer will no longer be a benefit to society.
Outline:
Introduction
Historical Background of Government Assistance Programs for the Elderly
Current State of Affairs Regarding Elderly Support
Synthesis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the past few decades, technological progress and economic growth have led to improvements in human health, causing a rise in the average age of the population as well as population growth. The rapid growth of the elderly in the population has emerged as a significant concern among taxpayers, elderly people, and government agencies alike, as social security and pension plans are no longer consuming the majority of incurred elderly debt. In the past, social security and pension plans were devised at a time when relatively few people reached the age of sixty-five, and these plans covered their support."
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Nursing Home Care, 2007.
This paper discusses creating stimulating environments for the elderly in nursing homes.
1,253 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer presents an overview of the question regarding stimulation in nursing homes for the purpose of helping residents remain active. The writer, who has worked in nursing homes for the past 27 years, has experienced first hand the negative impact that lack of stimulation has had on her clients. The writer explores research regarding the topic and designs a plan in which it would be mandatory to gather information about the residents' prior interests when they move in so that those interests could be incorporated into clients' daily care plan once they arrive. The writer concludes that the goal of her nursing home plan would be to create a more mature and active activity plan for the aged, thereby creating a more well rounded end of life experience for them and their families.
From the Paper
"Having worked in a nursing home for the past 27 years I have seen what happens to the elderly as they enter the home and they are no longer being stimulated.
They give up. They come in full of enthusiasm, if not a bit nervous, and they start to interact. I can always spot the residents who have been there a long time because as the resident passes the time he or she begins to stop interacting. The lack of stimulation begins to take its toll and soon they sit and wait to die instead of getting up each morning ready to live.
Many people believe they are simply witnessing a natural progression toward death, however, I believe that if the residents were stimulated within the nursing home setting they would enjoy a higher standard of living for their remaining years and perhaps live longer as well."
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Smoking Among the Elderly, 2007.
This paper discusses the dangers of smoking and the methods available to help the elderly to quit smoking.
1,076 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at effective strategies for eliminating smoking within the elderly who are shown to be the least likely to quit smoking despite the tremendous health problems that it imposes. The paper examines group therapy, intensive behavioral therapy, the use of cessation literature and reliance on family networks. The paper claims that it is essential that the medical profession increase promotion of programs and literature to encourage smoking cessation.
From the Paper
"The conventional wisdom that cigarette smoking severely affects the health of individuals has permeated American society. However, there has been no rapid decline in cigarette smoking within the past five years despite tremendous efforts by the national media and government to curb smoking. This problem is especially prevalent among elders, who are shown to be the least likely to quit smoking despite the tremendous health problems that it imposes. Of the top sixteen causes for death among the elderly, eight are related to smoking."
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The Older Population and Ergonomics, 2007.
An analysis of the need for improved workplace ergonomics now that the general population is aging.
1,324 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the need for improved ergonomics and ergonomics that are better suited to the aging population. It discusses the phenomenon of companies having older workers in their employ now that the general population is aging. It describes various studies and their results as well as implemented plans for more ergonomic workplaces.
From the Paper
"Further, according to a study by Parker et. al, older individuals in residential and nursing care homes may depend on the environment to compensate for their physical or cognitive frailties. Regulations and guidelines on the design of care buildings have accumulated over time with little knowledge of their impact on the quality of life of building users. The Design in Caring Environments Study (DICE) collected cross-sectional data on building design and quality of life in 38 care homes in and near Sheffield, Yorkshire. Quality of life was assessed using methods consisting of all residents regardless of their frailty. Significant positive associations were found between several aspects of the built environment and the residents' quality of life. There was evidence that a focus on safety and health requirements could be creating risk-averse environments which act against quality of life, particularly for the least frail residents. The new tool for assessing building design has potential applications in further research and for care providers."
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Alzheimer's Disease, 2007.
This paper discusses Alzheimer's disease by using a case study approach, which emphasizes pharmacology.
2,910 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper presents the case of EB, a 68-year-old Alaska native female who currently resides in an assisted living facility because she is no longer able to perform even basic functions of daily living. The author points out that her medications, which include reserpine and aspirin, are appropriate because of the long half-life of reserpine, efficacy at controlling EB's specific symptoms of declining mental capacity and underlying hypertension and the relatively low cost of the medications. The paper concludes that, although no cure exists for Alzheimer's, there are medications available now and under development to control the symptoms and perhaps slow the progression of the disease.
Table of Contents:
The Case---EB
Patient History
Past Medical History
Alzheimer's Disease Background Information
Pathophysiology
Medication Indication
Medications
Alternative Pharmacological Regimens
Adverse Reactions
Financial
Client Interaction and Effects
Drug Interactions
Monitoring
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Alternative pharmacological regimens to treat Alzheimer's include antioxidants, ergoloid mesylates and Huperzine A, along with others not mentioned. EB's presentation suggests that her disease progression and symptoms required medication to control her symptoms to prevent any further vascular accidents. In addition, there was little evidence to support alternative pharmacological regimens in her case. The expense, complicated dosing schedules, varying positive results, and possible negative side effects left too many gray areas to be considered a viable option for EB."
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Depression in the Elderly, 2007.
An analysis of the severity of depression in the elderly and how it can be prevented.
1,833 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes strategies to support people in aged care facilities who suffer from depression. It discusses the incidence of depression in the elderly and then analyzes the literature discussing this issue. The paper describes methods that have been used to treat their depression, as well as how effective those methods have been. The paper emphasizes the importance of raising the awareness of the problem.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Defining the Research Problem and Hypothesis
Selecting a Research Design and Strategies
Population and Sample
Data Collection Method
Collecting Data and Gathering Information
Data Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As can be seen by the information provided in the previous pages, the subject of depression in the elderly and their suicide rate is a delicate issue and one that is very serious. It is gaining more recognition, which is important for the elderly that may be suffering and that would have been overlooked in the past. Family and friends always appear to be so shocked when a person commits suicide due to severe depression, and they fault themselves for missing the warning signs. Most people do not have much knowledge of the true warning signs, however, and lives appear to be so busy now that families often do not spend a lot of time together. It is, therefore, important to raise the awareness of the problem so that the elderly can be protected and families can be aware of what indicates a problem."
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Employment of Older Workers, 2007.
A discussion of the tax credit bill designed to encourage the employment of older workers.
1,409 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines a bill currently making its way through the legislative process that would promote labor force participation of older workers. The paper explains that the bill will provide a tax credit to corporations that employ older workers. The writer examines the importance of older workers, as well as how this bill would impact corporations across the nation.
Outline:
Introduction
Benefits of Bill
From the Paper
"For many years, potential employees were politely interviewed then never called back to accept the position. There was a general mindset that they could not work as hard, or as fast or as well as their younger peers could work. The advances in medical science have begun to change the way the older population is viewed. People are living longer than ever before and with that longevity come the desire to stay busy and contribute to society well into the "golden years"."
"One of the problems that the older generation is encountering however is the attitude toward their contribution to the work force. When a person reaches a certain age they suddenly find themselves "unemployable" even when they are highly skilled and experienced in the field."
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Coming of Age in Literature, 2007.
A comparison of the old generation-new generation relationships in "The Kite Runner" by Khaled Hosseini, "The Unbearable Lightness of Being" by Milan Kundera and the film "Sugar Cane Alley," written and directed by Euzhan Palcy.
1,817 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the coming of age within three works - "The Kite Runner" by Khaled Hosseini, "The Unbearable Lightness of Being" by Milan Kundera and the film "Sugar Cane Alley," written and directed by Euzhan Palcy. It analyzes the political and social structure in each of these works and describes how they affect the relationships between the younger and older characters.
From the Paper
"The shifts in lightness and heaviness in this novel are complex and at times difficult to understand, and the political element that is seen here is also more complex and in some ways more specific than what is seen in The Kite Runner or Sugar Cane Alley. In this novel, the events of what is known as the Prague Spring serve as backdrop, a time when the Soviet military occupied the city and made it known that the people of Poland were not in control of their own destinies. Tomas had once condemned the Communists and so is asked to leave the city, and he and Tereza travel to Switzerland. When they later return to Prague, it is with the knowledge that they will never be allowed to leave again."
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Elder Abuse, 2007.
An overview of the causes and types of elder abuse in nursing homes.
1,916 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how abuse of the elderly can take many forms; including physical or sexual abuse, psychological and emotional abuse as well as financial abuse and abandonment. In particular, it looks at how studies have often found that abuse is inflicted by the caregiver and the nursing home or institution in which the elderly person resides.
Outline:
Introduction and Overview
Causes and Forms of Elder Abuse
Conclusion: Possible Solutions
From the Paper
"Alarming reports of this nature have been substantiated by many authoritative and professional studies. For example, the seriousness with which elder abuse in nursing home is taken is illustrated by the following facts from the Office of the Attorney General, with regard to the evidence of elder abuse in nursing homes in California. "In 1998, the United States General Accounting Office reported that one in three California nursing homes was cited for serious or potentially life-threatening care problems" (Elder Abuse In Nursing Homes). Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that many nursing homes are not complying with essential legal requirements for the protection of the elderly."
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Under-staffing in Nursing Homes, 2007.
This paper looks at the topic of under-staffing, focusing on nursing homes.
1,013 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses that minimum nurse-to-patient ratios represent the minimal amount of nurses required to care for the maximum number of patients, without compromising patient or nurse safety. The writer points out that both the public and physicians rank nurse under-staffing as one of the most serious threats to patient safety. The writer notes that nurse safety advocates are beginning to question how inadequate ratios impact job satisfaction and the ability of nursing staff to improve quality of care. While a problem at all healthcare facilities, the issue is even larger at nursing homes where minimum staffing ratios are very low. The writer concludes that much research is in progress to help nurses maintain a safe environment to practice and to determine how to adequately define what nurse-to-patient ratios should be.
From the Paper
"A history of nurse staffing and patient outcomes dates as far back as a study by Moses and Mosteller. They found nurse staffing among the significant determinants of mortality. Later, publicly available Medicare data for U.S. hospitals generated more studies on the factors related to mortality. Authors of these studies reported that nurse staffing was significantly related to mortality. Aiken, Clarke, Sloane, Sochalski, and Silber produced the first study to specifically quantify the impact of nurse-to-patient ratios on death rates. They reported that reducing the number of patients that a registered nurse takes care of results in better patient outcomes. A reduction in mortality rates and infections were among the findings. Aiken, Sochalski, and Lake demonstrated that nursing presence, whether measured as RN ratios or as RN hours relative to other nursing personnel hours, is significantly correlated to mortality. Adequate staffing levels allow nurses time to make comprehensive patient assessments, attend to routine nursing duties and effectively respond to emergencies. Specifically, Aiken, Clarke, Sloane, Sochalski, and Silber found that each additional patient assigned to a nurse resulted in a 7% increase in the likelihood of the patient dying within 30 days of admission to the hospital."
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