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Employment of Older Workers, 2007.
A discussion of the tax credit bill designed to encourage the employment of older workers.
1,409 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines a bill currently making its way through the legislative process that would promote labor force participation of older workers. The paper explains that the bill will provide a tax credit to corporations that employ older workers. The writer examines the importance of older workers, as well as how this bill would impact corporations across the nation.
Outline:
Introduction
Benefits of Bill
From the Paper
"For many years, potential employees were politely interviewed then never called back to accept the position. There was a general mindset that they could not work as hard, or as fast or as well as their younger peers could work. The advances in medical science have begun to change the way the older population is viewed. People are living longer than ever before and with that longevity come the desire to stay busy and contribute to society well into the "golden years"."
"One of the problems that the older generation is encountering however is the attitude toward their contribution to the work force. When a person reaches a certain age they suddenly find themselves "unemployable" even when they are highly skilled and experienced in the field."
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Coming of Age in Literature, 2007.
A comparison of the old generation-new generation relationships in "The Kite Runner" by Khaled Hosseini, "The Unbearable Lightness of Being" by Milan Kundera and the film "Sugar Cane Alley," written and directed by Euzhan Palcy.
1,817 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the coming of age within three works - "The Kite Runner" by Khaled Hosseini, "The Unbearable Lightness of Being" by Milan Kundera and the film "Sugar Cane Alley," written and directed by Euzhan Palcy. It analyzes the political and social structure in each of these works and describes how they affect the relationships between the younger and older characters.
From the Paper
"The shifts in lightness and heaviness in this novel are complex and at times difficult to understand, and the political element that is seen here is also more complex and in some ways more specific than what is seen in The Kite Runner or Sugar Cane Alley. In this novel, the events of what is known as the Prague Spring serve as backdrop, a time when the Soviet military occupied the city and made it known that the people of Poland were not in control of their own destinies. Tomas had once condemned the Communists and so is asked to leave the city, and he and Tereza travel to Switzerland. When they later return to Prague, it is with the knowledge that they will never be allowed to leave again."
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Elder Abuse, 2007.
An overview of the causes and types of elder abuse in nursing homes.
1,916 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how abuse of the elderly can take many forms; including physical or sexual abuse, psychological and emotional abuse as well as financial abuse and abandonment. In particular, it looks at how studies have often found that abuse is inflicted by the caregiver and the nursing home or institution in which the elderly person resides.
Outline:
Introduction and Overview
Causes and Forms of Elder Abuse
Conclusion: Possible Solutions
From the Paper
"Alarming reports of this nature have been substantiated by many authoritative and professional studies. For example, the seriousness with which elder abuse in nursing home is taken is illustrated by the following facts from the Office of the Attorney General, with regard to the evidence of elder abuse in nursing homes in California. "In 1998, the United States General Accounting Office reported that one in three California nursing homes was cited for serious or potentially life-threatening care problems" (Elder Abuse In Nursing Homes). Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that many nursing homes are not complying with essential legal requirements for the protection of the elderly."
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Under-staffing in Nursing Homes, 2007.
This paper looks at the topic of under-staffing, focusing on nursing homes.
1,013 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses that minimum nurse-to-patient ratios represent the minimal amount of nurses required to care for the maximum number of patients, without compromising patient or nurse safety. The writer points out that both the public and physicians rank nurse under-staffing as one of the most serious threats to patient safety. The writer notes that nurse safety advocates are beginning to question how inadequate ratios impact job satisfaction and the ability of nursing staff to improve quality of care. While a problem at all healthcare facilities, the issue is even larger at nursing homes where minimum staffing ratios are very low. The writer concludes that much research is in progress to help nurses maintain a safe environment to practice and to determine how to adequately define what nurse-to-patient ratios should be.
From the Paper
"A history of nurse staffing and patient outcomes dates as far back as a study by Moses and Mosteller. They found nurse staffing among the significant determinants of mortality. Later, publicly available Medicare data for U.S. hospitals generated more studies on the factors related to mortality. Authors of these studies reported that nurse staffing was significantly related to mortality. Aiken, Clarke, Sloane, Sochalski, and Silber produced the first study to specifically quantify the impact of nurse-to-patient ratios on death rates. They reported that reducing the number of patients that a registered nurse takes care of results in better patient outcomes. A reduction in mortality rates and infections were among the findings. Aiken, Sochalski, and Lake demonstrated that nursing presence, whether measured as RN ratios or as RN hours relative to other nursing personnel hours, is significantly correlated to mortality. Adequate staffing levels allow nurses time to make comprehensive patient assessments, attend to routine nursing duties and effectively respond to emergencies. Specifically, Aiken, Clarke, Sloane, Sochalski, and Silber found that each additional patient assigned to a nurse resulted in a 7% increase in the likelihood of the patient dying within 30 days of admission to the hospital."
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"The Year of Magical Thinking", 2007.
An analysis of the continuing development of humans through adulthood and particularly middle-age, as described in "The Year of Magical Thinking" by Joan Didion.
1,895 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of human development through different life stages. The paper focuses on the views of psychotherapists, Erik Erikson and Roger Gould, who discuss these changes. It describes Erickson's last three "ages of man" and Gould's recognition that individuals in their middle-age years must cope with major transitions. It then discusses Joan Didion's experience in this area, as described in her book "The Year of Magical Thinking."
From the Paper
"The changes that middle age can bring, can vary widely: From a loss of a job for a short period of time, to a major illness and recovery, to a divorce, to a death of a parent or worse to the death of a husband or child. For Joan Didion, the loss was monumental--her husband dies in a matter of seconds when her daughter was unconscious in the hospital. Through all their middle ages, Didion and her husband were a true couple. Both writers, they worked at home, spent all their time together, read each other's work, completed each other's thoughts, and carried on a continuous conversation as one person would. Then, Quintana, her daughter, dies, as well. Some people, like Didion (in her early 70s), somehow find the strength to cope--albeit with much agony and despair. Others do not. In an interview, Didion states, "I didn't die. My life has to continue. I don't have an option," (Grossman, 2005, 56). Yet, she did."
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Critical Care Nursing, 2007.
A case study presenting the experiences and role of the writer as a critical care nurse.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses critical care nursing and the role of the critical care nurse. It describes the nurse's role from the point of view of the writer, who is a nurse, and presents some of her experiences in this position. The paper presents a case study of an elderly patient in a critical care setting and discusses both the patient's needs and experiences, as well as the nurse's.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
A Personal Point Of View Of My Nursing Experience
Comprehensive Discussion Of Critically Ill Patient And Their Experience Of Critical Illness
Personal Reflection About Visit To The CSICU
How This May Influence My Own Vision Of Myself As A Critical Care Nurse
From the Paper
"Knowing the patient's family and social environment would have given me a better idea about her outlook, whether she was optimistic or pessimistic about getting well, how she felt about her state of health in general, and what acts of daily life and independence were most important to her. It would also have helped me assess the family's ability to facilitate the patient's self-care, and their awareness of the seriousness of monitoring her health condition. Also, I would have liked to have known the patient's attitude, and her family's attitude regarding her other ailments, such as her diabetes, her adherence to a special diet, her ability to monitor her blood sugar and cholesterol, as well as her history in observing a medication regime with religiosity and diligence."
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Air Pollution, 2006.
A discussion regarding the negative impact of air pollution on health.
870 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the impact of air pollution on a person's health. The paper focuses primarily on the issue of respiratory ailments and heart disease in elderly patients. The paper also takes a look at indoor ventilation which can help in the prevention of such diseases.
From the Paper
"The study found that current federal standards were not strict enough regarding air particles and grit in the environment. But what can elderly women, like the women do to improve their immediate health environment? Self-care is critical, even for the elderly, according to Orem's model of nursing which maintains: "a requirement for nursing exists when a person is unable to maintain for him/herself self-care action which is therapeutic in sustaining life and health," such as recovering from disease and injury or coping with the effects of an illness (Goodwin, 1990, citing Orem, 197 1: 1). In Orem's model, the nurse-patient relationship is unbalanced in the sense that the patient has a need for the nurse and the nurse must step in with her ability and meet that need but the relationship between nurse and patient is always complimentary. The nurse must act to help the patient assume responsibility for health-related self-care to the maximum degree possible (Goodwin, 1990)."
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Anti-Aging, 2006.
A review of Relastin Skin Revitalizer, an anti-aging product currently on the market.
1,116 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the anti-aging product Relastin Skin Revitalizer. According to the paper, this product is designed to promote self-esteem and confidence through a look of youth, but the manufacturers neglect the important fact that age is not simply a visual concept, but a physiological fact of life.
From the Paper
"As McCarthy points out, there are numerous things human beings do to fight the signs of aging. From taking melatonin, DHEA, antioxidants, and other vitamins to using anti-wrinkle creams and hair restoration products, humans spend vast amounts of money on trying to slow aging (McCarthy, 549). But as Hayflick notes, all cells flourish and divide as living cells for a specific period of time, but eventually, these processes stop and the cells die. The only cells in the human body to continue reproducing endlessly are cancer cells (McCarthy, 547). Thus, regardless of what products one uses to slow the signs of aging, the aging process continues without fail."
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Depression Treatment Modalities, 2007.
An analysis of how personality traits effect the treatment of depression in the elderly.
1,701 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This study proposes to study the impact of personality traits on the treatment of depression among the elderly. It analyzes the results through the examination of NEO-Five-Factor-Inventory scores in comparison to improvements of Beck Depression Inventory scores between baseline and outcome measures in three experimental treatment conditions (antidepressants, psychotherapy and combination therapy). The study hypothesizes that combination therapy is significantly more effective than the other treatment conditions in the reduction of depressive symptoms and that personality traits are significantly associated with treatment outcomes.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Method
Results
Discussion
From the Paper
"Research has determined that forms of psychosocial intervention, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), behavioral therapy, cognitive bibliotherapy, reminiscence group therapy, and problem-solving group therapy, may be effective treatment interventions for geriatric depression. A combination of psychotherapy and antidepressant medication might be an appropriate treatment for individuals presenting with moderate to severe depression. A study by Thompson, Coon, Gallagher-Thompson, Sommer & Koin (2001) examined the efficacy of a specific antidepressant medication (Desipramine), a specific psychotherapy (CBT), and a combination approach, (CBT and Desipramine), in the treatment of depression among the elderly. The results indicated that, although patients in all three treatment conditions experienced substantial improvement in their depressive symptoms, the patients receiving the combination treatment and those receiving CBT alone showed greater improvements than those patients that only received Desipramine. Therefore, the researchers concluded that CBT is an effective treatment for depression in older adults, and that the combination of pharmacotherapy and CBT may be of particular usefulness among patients who do not effectively respond to either antidepressants or psychotherapy alone."
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Retirees Return To Work, 2007.
This paper looks at the trend toward working after retirement and some of the obstacles encountered in this trend.
1,198 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how federal law restricts how soon a retiree can return to a company he or she worked for previously. The paper explains that due to this, when retirees want to return to their workplace as temporary workers, they can avoid this restriction by being placed on a different company's payroll. The paper brings several examples of retirees returning to work for a variety of reasons and motivations.
From the Paper
"For example, the "Happy Returns" program at MidAmerican Energy Company is glad to welcome their employees who retired but wish to come back for temporary work assignments, and they have figured a way to avoid "hassles associated with government regulations regarding defined benefits pensions and employment by a former employer" (Ryberg, 2006). What retirees do when MidAmerican lets them know there is some part time work is actually sign up as temporary employees with Manpower, Inc., not with MidAmerican."
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A Vulnerable Population, 2007.
This paper examines the difficulties facing the elderly population today.
3,311 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the elderly population has less money, less food, more physical and mental difficulties and a higher chance of being harmed or taken advantage of. The paper discusses nutrition issues and Medicare in America, government health care in Europe and other insurance issues. The paper shows how between the nutrition that they often do not receive and the lack of strong medical care based on poor insurance, the elderly people in the world today are truly a vulnerable population.
From the Paper
"Low income and poor living conditions are but two of the difficulties that many of these older people face when it comes to proper nutrition (Sahyoun, 2002). Other factors include a lack of ability to prepare proper food, living alone, a lack of support from family and friends, and a lack of food that is deemed acceptable (Sahyoun, 2002). Some medications can also interact and cause a loss of appetite, which can lead to malnutrition (Sahyoun, 2002). In addition to these problems, senses such as taste and smell can be somewhat less sharp in older age, which causes older people to have less interest in the foods that they consume (Sahyoun, 2002). A further concern is oral health, as many older people have problems with their teeth and mouths that cause them pain, making it more difficult to eat many of the foods that they previously enjoyed, even if they are hungry (Sahyoun, 2002)."
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End of Life Care, 2007.
This paper discusses end of life (EOL) care programs in the healthcare sector in the United States.
1,044 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper examines three programs that dominate EOL care in the current healthcare sector in the US. These include the inpatient/ICU or hospital-based palliative care program, nursing homes and hospice EOL programs. The paper analyzes their efficiencies, explains the advantages and disadvantages of ICU palliative care programs and finally posits that among the three, both hospice and nursing home programs are determined as better options than the ICU program. The paper explains that this is primarily because these two programs provide the care, efficiency and satisfaction that the elderly need as they go through the end of life phase in their lives.
From the Paper
"The argument for the ICU palliative programs is put forth by Imhof (2005), who recommended utilizing the ICU palliative programs provided in hospitals (hospital-based programs). EOL care services, as argued by the author, provide numerous benefits to the facility of the patient's care, that is, hospital-based programs "require limited organizational effort, pose minimal risk, and cause little disruption to the ongoing operations of the organization" (161). Apart from these advantages of the hospital's palliative programs, patients enjoy other services that come with the program, such as the provision of informational literature for the patient and his/her family, consultation services, palliative care rooms, and additional linkages with the community through collaboration with local hospice, home health agencies, and long-term care facilities and integration into the community (of the patient) (162)."
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