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A Vulnerable Population, 2007.
This paper examines the difficulties facing the elderly population today.
3,311 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the elderly population has less money, less food, more physical and mental difficulties and a higher chance of being harmed or taken advantage of. The paper discusses nutrition issues and Medicare in America, government health care in Europe and other insurance issues. The paper shows how between the nutrition that they often do not receive and the lack of strong medical care based on poor insurance, the elderly people in the world today are truly a vulnerable population.
From the Paper
"Low income and poor living conditions are but two of the difficulties that many of these older people face when it comes to proper nutrition (Sahyoun, 2002). Other factors include a lack of ability to prepare proper food, living alone, a lack of support from family and friends, and a lack of food that is deemed acceptable (Sahyoun, 2002). Some medications can also interact and cause a loss of appetite, which can lead to malnutrition (Sahyoun, 2002). In addition to these problems, senses such as taste and smell can be somewhat less sharp in older age, which causes older people to have less interest in the foods that they consume (Sahyoun, 2002). A further concern is oral health, as many older people have problems with their teeth and mouths that cause them pain, making it more difficult to eat many of the foods that they previously enjoyed, even if they are hungry (Sahyoun, 2002)."
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End of Life Care, 2007.
This paper discusses end of life (EOL) care programs in the healthcare sector in the United States.
1,044 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper examines three programs that dominate EOL care in the current healthcare sector in the US. These include the inpatient/ICU or hospital-based palliative care program, nursing homes and hospice EOL programs. The paper analyzes their efficiencies, explains the advantages and disadvantages of ICU palliative care programs and finally posits that among the three, both hospice and nursing home programs are determined as better options than the ICU program. The paper explains that this is primarily because these two programs provide the care, efficiency and satisfaction that the elderly need as they go through the end of life phase in their lives.
From the Paper
"The argument for the ICU palliative programs is put forth by Imhof (2005), who recommended utilizing the ICU palliative programs provided in hospitals (hospital-based programs). EOL care services, as argued by the author, provide numerous benefits to the facility of the patient's care, that is, hospital-based programs "require limited organizational effort, pose minimal risk, and cause little disruption to the ongoing operations of the organization" (161). Apart from these advantages of the hospital's palliative programs, patients enjoy other services that come with the program, such as the provision of informational literature for the patient and his/her family, consultation services, palliative care rooms, and additional linkages with the community through collaboration with local hospice, home health agencies, and long-term care facilities and integration into the community (of the patient) (162)."
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"Getting Older", 2007.
A review of Letty Cottin Pogrebin's "Getting Over Getting Older: An Intimate Journey."
974 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 0 sources, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses "Getting Over Getting Older: An Intimate Journey", written by Ms. magazine founder and journalist Letty Cottin Pogrebin. The paper explains that the book paints a rounded picture of what life is like at the wise age of half a century. The paper also describes the topics discussed in the book and the ideas that Pogrebin presents. It concludes that the book is a warm overview of what to expect when getting older.
From the Paper
"The bottom line, according to the author, is that some things are inevitable such as dying and menopause, so one has to make the best of them. Even more so, one has to decide what means the most in life, so the last decades can be lived to their fullest. Whether it is writing a book, spending time with friends, going out dancing, having sex with one's spouse, or spending time in solitude, each person has his or her own ways of going out in style. At the end of her book, Pogrebin gives some things that mean the most to her, as an individual."
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Osteoporosis in the US, 2007.
This paper presents information about osteoporosis, including its causes and treatments.
2,961 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an in-depth discussion on osteoporosis, including a description of the disease's symptoms, causes and treatment options. The paper also describes who is at risk for developing this condition and cites recent medical studies on osteoporosis. A large portion of the paper explores the impact of diet on osteoporosis. Finally, the paper presents various drug treatments for the condition from a scientific perspective.
From the Paper
"Records say that osteoporosis affects more than 25 million Americans (Mangels 2005). In 2001 alone, the approximate national direct expenditure for osteoporosis and fractures related to the condition was $17 billion and still rising. A person, especially a woman, needs 1,000 mg of calcium daily before menopause and 1,500 mg after menopause if she is not taking estrogen (American Family Physician 2004). Good sources of calcium are nonfat and low-fat dairy products, dried beans, sardines, broccoli, juices and cereals, which are fortified with calcium. Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and a woman needs 400-800 IU of the vitamin daily. Treatment of osteoporosis includes proper diet, exercising, quitting smoking and medicines, such as hormones (American Family Physician)."
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'Grumpier Old Men', 2006.
A review of the movie 'Grumpier Old Men', focusing primarily on issues relating to Alzheimer's disease.
2,607 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the movie 'Grumpier Old Men' focusing specifically on the character Max. The paper discusses how Max exhibits symptoms of depression, dementia, alcoholism and an unhealthy diet. The paper then goes on to discuss Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, which is prevalent in the elderly.
From the Paper
"Alcohol addiction occurs gradually as drinking alcohol alters the balance of some chemicals in the brain, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which inhibits impulsiveness, and glutamate, which makes the nervous system excited. Alcohol raises the levels of dopamine in the brain, which makes one feel good and in a pleasant state. Long-term consumption of alcohol can deplete or increase the levels of some chemicals, causing the body to crave alcohol to get back those good feelings or to avoid the negative ones. Low-self esteem or depression may makes one more likely to abuse alcohol. Having a friend who drinks regularly may promote excessive drinking. It is difficult to distance oneself from "enablers" or at least from their drinking habits (Mayo. 2006)."
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Alzheimer's Disease and Aricept, 2007.
This paper explores the efficiency of the drug Aricept in slowing the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
1,466 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Alzheimer's, a disease of the brain, which makes the sufferer forget how to accomplish basic functions. The paper relates that, although there is not yet a specific cure for the disease, donepezil HCL, brand name Aricept, is said to help slow down the progression of the symptoms of the disease. The paper reveals that there are side effects, although the manufacturers claim they are mild and temporary. The paper notes the the long-term cost of the drug and the inconclusive research associated with it. The paper discusses, however, how companies were allowed to sponsor conferences where their post-marketing and preliminary studies were discussed and they recruited doctors to speak to the news media about Alzheimer's and Aricept.
From the Paper
"Alzheimer's Disease is a progressive form of pre-senile dementia, which is similar to senile dementia, except that it usually starts in the 40s or 50s, and with initial symptoms of impaired memory, then impaired thought and speech and, finally, complete helplessness (Lexico Publishing Group LLC 2006). It is a disease in the brain, which makes the sufferer forget how to use a key, walk, talk or eat (Liebman 2002). Recent statistics showed that approximately a third of all people older than 85 have Alzheimer's or another type of dementia. Around 1,000 are diagnosed with it each day in the US and records revealed that the number has been increasing."
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Feeding Tubes, 2007.
This paper presents a discussion about the use of feeding tubes at the end of life.
990 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the controversy regarding the use of feeding tubes at the end of life for terminal patients. The author presents the research from a nursing perspective. Additionally, the paper considers the questions of whether prolonging life with a feeding tube is in the best interest of the patient. The author includes an extensive literature review with regards to patients with dementia, cancer and other end of life issues and reviews what has been concluded about using feeding tubes at this stage. The writer also touches on the issue of living wills.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
References
From the Paper
"The past few years have seen many controversial stories played out in the news regarding end of life feeding tubes and their use. Society lines up on both sides of the issue and hotly debate whether or not using a feeding tube at the end of one's life is something that should be done even if the patient is not capable of consenting. Meanwhile patients all over the nation languish between the two sides of the debate with their families trying to make the most humane and compassionate decision regarding the placement of a feeding tube into their loved one. Many studies have been conducted regarding the use of a feeding tube on a patient who is at the end of life with differing results. With a small risk in the actual placement of the tube the question centers around whether prolonging life with a feeding tube is really in the best interest of the patient. "
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Teenage and Elderly Driving, 2007.
This paper discusses the need for restrictions for young and elderly drivers.
1,862 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how for teenagers who seek liberty and thrill and for elderly people who want to escape loneliness and isolation, car driving can be and has been, as statistics have shown, a very dangerous weapon. The paper reveals that the brain of a 16-year-old is not developed enough to adequately respond to impulse control. The paper also shows how drivers 75 years old and older had a higher rate of fatal accidents nationwide in 2001 and 2002. The paper suggests proposals to ensure the health and safety of teenage and older drivers.
From the Paper
"The Registry of Motor Vehicles reported that approximately a third of 16-year-old drivers got involved in serious crashes in Massachusetts alone (The Boston Globe 2006). A National Institutes of Health study found that the brain of a 16-year-old is not developed enough to adequately respond to impulse control and parental admonition or pressure cannot control that part of their youngster's brain, which weighs risks. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration also reported that 16-year-olds crash their cars thrice as much as 17-year-old new drivers and alcohol was not a major factor in the phenomenon."
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Senior Isolation, 2007.
A discussion on the isolation from community and family that is often experienced by the elderly.
778 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how senior citizens typically live alone and often find themselves isolated from family and the community. The paper explores how isolation may be caused by the death of a spouse or by the death of close friends and family members. The paper further examines how senior citizens may feel isolated due to employment retirement or chronic illness that may keep them from involvement in social activities. The paper analyzes how isolation may lead to a variety of negative effects. The paper concludes that social services can help by providing isolated seniors with meals on wheels programs, shopping buses, transportation to faith-based multi-service centers, fitness and health centers, as well as education programs.
From the Paper
"This isolation leads many seniors to develop alcohol and drug problems late in life, at a time when they are most vulnerable to medical conditions (Doup). The elderly make up some 11 percent of the U.S. population, yet they take more than 35 percent of the drugs prescribed, such as blood pressure medication, sleep medication, and tranquilizers, all of which created a toxic cocktail when mixed with alcohol, causing everything from dizziness to death (Doup). One of the most significant physiologic consequences of alcohol use in seniors is the effect on the cardiovascular system, because anginal pain may be deadened and/or ignored, leading to myocardial infarction (Bosworth)."
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| Term Paper # 95329 |
temporarily unavailable
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Natural Disasters and the Elderly, 2007.
This paper discusses the psychological and emotional stress experienced by older adults as a result of natural disasters.
831 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper explores many of the emotional issues the elderly encounter when faced with a natural disaster. The author addresses feelings of vulnerability and isolation that are particular to the senior population. The writer also discusses how problems the elderly already experiences, such as mental health issues and dementia, may be compounded by a natural disaster. A natural disaster may also bring out previous traumas from the senior's life. The author concludes that natural disasters can increase and exacerbate stress and anxiety in the elderly and possibly lead to serious psychological issues.
From the Paper
"Studies have also focused on the fact that the elderly experience certain identifiable and particular stress factors and vulnerabilities in the face of natural disasters. "We must acknowledge that certain vulnerabilities exist among many elders and that these vulnerabilities are likely to intensify at times of disaster and during the often lengthy recovery process" (Oriol W.) The realization of the vulnerability of older people to disaster is evidenced by the collaboration between Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) and The National Council on the Aging (NCOA), in bringing an important resource to communities to improve crisis counseling for the elderly. (Oriol W.) Therefore there is a growing body of research which mirrors the concern about the effects of emotional and psychological stress on the elderly in times of natural disaster."
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Elderly Depression and Suicide, 2007.
This paper examines the suicide and depression rate of elderly individuals today and explores what can be done to lower these rates.
4,823 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the elderly have much to offer the younger population and this can give them a strong sense of purpose. However, the paper shows how, for too many of these individuals, this is not the case and they end up feeling alone and depressed, which eventually leads to suicide. The paper examines major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder and bipolar disorder. The paper provides a literature review that deals with the treatment for depression and the risk of suicide in the elderly population. The paper also discusses methods of suicide prevention.
Outline:
Abstract
Summary
Introduction and Rationale
Previous Theory and Research
Strengths and Gaps in the Literature
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Literature into the issue of depression and the suicide rate where elderly people are concerned is important for several reasons. Consider these facts: The highest rate of suicide in the United States is among the elderly population. Moreover, suicide rates steadily increase as age advances in individuals of all races and both genders. Those that are 65 years and older successfully complete suicide attempts 50% more often than the national average. Every 90 minutes a senior citizen in the United States commits suicide. Population experts estimate that by 2030, the elderly population will be about 20% of the population-about 75 million people (Heisel, 2004). Clearly, the problem of suicide among the elderly is significant and if left unaddressed can be expected to increase."
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