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Head Start, 2007.
This paper discusses the program for children, Head Start, and looks at whether it works.
1,194 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
Head Start is thought of today as one of the most successful experiments in public programming that has ever been created and implemented in the United States to help children. Head Start has a 30+ year tradition of helping prepare children for school and is especially focused on children in the noted socioeconomic high risk category for failure in school - those who are considered to be living in poverty or below. The program is available in most areas on a sliding scale to those who exceed the federally determined poverty line.
The writer concludes that the long-term effects of the implementation of Head Start and Early Head Start seem to give an indication of success, as the children attending programs do prove better prepared for school.
From the Paper
"Previously the fundamental issues of poverty were considered a problem among adults, that would be solved by helping those adults and their children would then be helped in turn through their parent's success. The fundamentally flexible manner in which programs were overseen and conducted during the time allowed a great deal more opportunities for change, than they do currently.
Shriver had an inherent interest in helping children, through his own and his wife's professional histories and Shriver also believed that poor children were a much more appealing cause to the general public, as they could not be accused of laziness or bad behavior and would likely not be a target for complaints with regard to the problems that the CAP program initially experienced. After a little more research, Head Start was then begun to prepare children for school through programming and structures that teach pre-reading skills and classroom expectations. Shriver structured and implemented the program after one he had visited that had been previously funded by the Kennedy Foundation."
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Advertising and Children, 2007.
A description of the effect of advertising on children.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how advertising influences children and ultimately may impact purchasing decisions in a household. The author describes how different techniques are used in creating advertisements geared for children rather than adults. Lego's current advertising strategy for one of its products is used as an example. Additionally, a psychological study is used to confirm the best advertising methods for targeting children, and how these methods are incorporated into Lego's campaign. The author concludes that media-saturated children and parents who cannot say no have created a marketing opportunity for toy companies.
From the Paper
"The study concluded: "advertising directed at adults, for adult products, tends to aim at building brand loyalty, focusing on product characteristics that are perceived to be of long-term value. On the other hand, children's products must be updated frequently, reflecting the latest theme or character in order to grab attention. Advertising aimed at children does not focus on brand loyalty, but on the new and exciting features and tie-ins that are available."(Briesch, Bridges, & Kim, 2004) This study did not focus on children's products, but on all products in the household in general, noting that even in terms of decisions like eating out, buying breakfast cereals and toothpaste, and other decisions that affect the health habits of the entire household, children have a powerful influence. This influence is magnified, however, with products that are exclusively used by the child, perhaps because the parental will is less stalwart when dealing with products that are child-exclusive."
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ESL and Poor Achievement, 2007.
This paper looks at the problem of poor academic achievement amongst students who speak English as a second language (ESL).
850 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This work reviews three articles about the problem of poor academic achievement in the early grades amongst children who speak English as a second language. The writer looks at the work of William Armaline and David P. Levy entitled: "No Child Left Behind: Flowers Don't Grow in the Desert". The writer then discusses a RAND Reading Study Group report which addresses related issues. Finally, the writer looks at a study conducted by Nonie Lesaux on a group of 30 ESL children in Vancouver. Potential research as to the appropriate method including the rationale is discussed.
Outline:
Research Objective
Introduction
Research Design
Armaline & Levy 2005 - NCLB & Failure For Provision
RAND Reading Study Group (RRSG) - Failure To Prepare
Surprising Results - Lesaux & Thirty Languages ESL Base
From the Paper
"The first step in conducting a review of available literature is choosing appropriate literature of an academic and peer reviewed nature such as material published in academic journals or publications. For the purpose of this review three such articles have been chosen."
"RESEARCH DESIGN
This material will be reviewed in the nature of a 'qualitative' research study. The 'qualitative' method of research is one that is referred as a secondary analysis and one that is interpretive in nature."
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Effects of War, 2007.
A discussion of the effects of war on families with particular emphasis on psychological damage.
1,760 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the disastrous consequences of war, with an emphasis on its effect on the family. In particular, the author explores the reactions and lasting impact of loss on children. The author's viewpoint is very clearly anti-war. The paper sees war as a vicious cycle which continuously promotes further armed conflicts, such as terrorism. The paper concludes by citing the traumas and deficiencies of war, and their unpredictable and disastrous effects on the entire family, most especially the children.
From the Paper
"War occurs for a number of reasons and perspectives as the number of people involved in a conflict (Bargo 2005). A peace treaty may officially end a war and military operations may cease, but the effects of a war cannot be erased from the soldiers' and civilians' consciousness. The impacts of a war reach far and wide and expand outward indefinitely. The impress can and is often indelible and haunting. The true victims of a war are the very real and very fragile men, women and children, whose wounds cannot be healed by ensuing peace treaties or truces. The raw emotions from the effects of war are difficult to process and linger through life even after peace has been established. These effects should be considered just as much as the dollars or other motivations, which inspire the declaration of a war (Bargo)."
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Juvenile Delinquency, 2007.
An analysis of the factors contributing to juvenile delinquency in the United States and possible solutions to the problem.
3,593 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 27 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issues of juvenile delinquency in the United States and suggests that there are various surveys and reports that show clearly that the number of juvenile offenders is increasing. The paper discusses the possible reasons for this increase, as well as its implications. It then discusses environmental, social and cultural issues related to juvenile delinquency. Finally, the paper concludes with solutions and preventative measures for the problem.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
What is Delinquency
The Importance of this Topic
General Causes and Conditions of Juvenile Delinquency
Environmental, Social and Cultural Issues
Solutions and Preventative Measures
The Role of Social Work in Juvenile Delinquency
Summary and conclusion
From the Paper
"The issue of juvenile delinquency is a problem that is related to a wide complex of sociological, cultural, economic and psychological issues. There are many variables within society that impact on the development and the effects of delinquent behavior. The research on this subject reveals that among these various factors, the influence of peers and the family on the early development in children are of primary importance. Neither can one discount important factors such as economic conditions and environment as major aspects in the development of juvenile delinquency."
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Ethnic Identity Development, 2007.
This paper examines the identity development of ethnic minority adolescents.
1,002 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how adolescence is a crucial stage in life for the formation of identity. The paper shows how important it is for differences among ethnically diverse adolescents to be understood and addressed by influential figures in their lives, such as parents, teachers and clinicians. The paper examines the relationships between ethnicity and identity status and the effect that parents have on the identity development of Latino and African-American adolescents.
From the Paper
"As cited by Torres (2004), the 2000 census reported a dramatic increase in Latinos in the United States, making them the largest minority group in the nation. Between the years 1990 and 2000, the Latino population in the United States increased by 57.9%, which was the greatest increase of any ethnic or racial group in the United States. This dramatic increase results in a more diverse population, including that observed among adolescents in school and community settings. Therefore it is important that appropriate and effective resources be available for ethnically diverse adolescents in order to facilitate healthy identity development."
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Social Aggression, 2007.
A literature review of social aggression among girls and boys.
1,869 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper examines various studies that explore the social and developmental aspects of gender and aggression at a very young age. The paper looks at the claim that social stereotypes are often not true or too simplistic and very often run counter to the actual psychological reality of gender development. The paper discusses the hypothesis that girls tend to be more manipulative in their aggressive behavior, while boys express themselves though direct aggression. The paper explores the possible positive correlation between aggressive behavior and strict regulation during infancy.
From the Paper
"The literature on this topic covers a wide and often diverse range of issues and disciplines. A paper by Hencke and Raya ( 1993) entitled You're Mean! Differences between Three-Year Old boys and Girls in Narratives about Nice and Mean Social Interactions explores the issue of gender differences in relation to aggressive behavior. The study investigates developmental attitudes and perceptions among the very young by examining stories that children tell about aggressive and "mean "social activities. This is an important area of the subject of aggression among very young males and females, as it explores the underlying and developmental foundations of later socially aggressive behavior."
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Descriptive Writing Assignment, 2007.
A creative essay using descriptive writing to illustrate a scene in a grocery store.
958 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This example of descriptive writing highlights the author's perceptions of a woman in a grocery store. The essay's narrator describes her late night trip to the grocery store and a young mother she encounters there. The author speculates on the young mother's situation and her character, comparing it to how she raised her own children. The narrator concludes by seeing the commonalities in the young mother's situation and her own, despite the differences in their stages of life.
From the Paper
"Her voice was rich, surprisingly rich, and husky, but it sounded tired, too, like the troubles of the world weighed it down. She pushed away a strand of hair again and reached into her bag for her wallet. She looked at the cart, glanced at the contents of the wallet, and shrugged to herself. I so wanted to hand her a twenty and tell her to buy the roast and the ground beef, but I knew in my heart she would never take a handout from a stranger. She probably wouldn't even take one from her own family. It was clear she was proud and struggling as she gathered her brood together and headed for the check stands."
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Emergency Disaster Planning, 2007.
A review of effective emergency disaster planning for families.
3,073 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the need for effective emergency disaster planning, particularly the storing of emergency kits. It details what should be included in the kits and lists books that can be read to help prepare the average family. The paper discusses past emergency situations in the United States and how the country should learn from those experiences. The paper concludes with excerpts from Patty Wipfler's article "Helping Our Children Deal with Shocking Events."
Table of Contents:
In Case of an Emergency
Ponder, Plan and Practice
General Emergency "Kit" Guidelines
Past Lessons
Current Considerations
Moving Forward
Somewhat Prepared?
From the Paper
"Think through specific needs and various scenarios. At work, it is a good idea to store several protein bars and a small backpack with toiletries, critical medication, some water and food. It's also a good ides to keep a small emergency disaster kit in a car," experts recommend."
"At home, along with an emergency kit or kits, determine a course of action for emergency and disaster situations. Know evacuation routes. Identify a place family members can meet if they are separated. Each family member needs to have an emergency contact list that includes names and phone numbers for immediate family members and also relatives who live out-of-town. It is a good idea to have two escape routes. One plan is needed for each person to get out of each room; the other, the best way to out of the house. Experts recommend that after the plan is mapped out, it is practiced on a regular basis. (Ibid.)"
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An Over-Medicated Society, 2007.
This paper explores the misuse of prescription drugs in the United States today.
1,825 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper warns that the abuse of prescription medications in the United States is now the second most prevalent drug problem. The paper presents alarming statistics and brings to light the abuse of provocative and dangerous prescriptions from doctors for children. The paper strongly contends that this is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed by responsible healthcare professionals and political leaders.
From the Paper
"The data published by SAMHSA indicates that "an average of 11.3 million persons 12 years or older were using prescription pain relievers non-medically in the past year." That compares with 25.5 people who used marijuana in the past year. The growth of the use of pain relievers by young people is startling; in 2002 some 5.9 percent of persons 12 or older were using Vicodin, but that jumped to 7.4 percent by 2004."
"Meanwhile, 11.8 percent of youths (12 to 17) used pain relievers (non-medically) for recreational purposes in the last year, while 7.5 percent of young adults (18-26) were using prescription pain relievers, and 3.1 percent of adults over the age of 26, the SAMHSA report continued. "
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Youth Crime in Canada, 2007.
This paper explores the media's role in the perception of juvenile crime in Canada.
1,541 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper presents a detailed examination of youth crime in Canada and how the media promotes fear in the way it presents the problem to the public. The paper describes how the media's focus on crime has created a moral panic throughout the country, in which people believe that juveniles are a dangerous threat to the safety of adults. The writer explores several academic journals on the topic and concludes that part of the nation's fear of juveniles with regard to crime is caused by the media's decision to over-cover crimes in which juveniles are involved.
Outline:
Introduction
The Trend
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"For the past several years it has appeared that youth crime is on the rise throughout Canada. Whether it is an increase in truancy, shoplifting or more violent crimes including school shootings, the nation seems to be faced with a significant rise in the number of juvenile offenders willing to commit illegal acts(Gaetz, 2004). Recently, the Canadian legislators have moved toward increasing the punishments for juvenile offenders in the hopes that it will deter future young people from deciding on a life of crime, however, the media continues to report issues involving teens."
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Child Abuse, 2007.
This paper explores the definition, boundaries and legal response to child abuse.
2,365 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how there are no black-and-whites when it comes to human behavior. For example, it is not always to determine at what point yelling at a child becomes emotional abusive or when spanking turns into something physically violent. The paper looks at the difference between spanking and serious physical abuse. The paper contends that more progress needs to be made in terms of adjudication and the legal system. The paper examines the statistical reporting of child abuse and considers whether child abuse is over or under-reported. The paper concludes that as long as many inconsistencies exist with the law, it is necessary for the judicial system to look at sentencing on a case-by-case basis.
Outline:
Introduction
Definition of Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act
Spanking Versus Serious Physical Abuse
Study by Baumrind Showing Most Parents Spank Without Ill Impact on Children
Statistical Reporting of Child Abuse Numbers
Disagreement of Over/Under-Reporting of Child Abuse Claims
Investigative/Tool Inconsistencies
Racial/cultural Misrepresentations
American Psychology Association Recommendations
Suggested Actions to Take to Improve Child Abuse Adjudication Problems
From the Paper
"However, even within the law there are blurry areas, such as how does one define the word "serious"? Is it necessary, for example, to reprimand parents who spank their children? Is this a "serious" crime? In her article "Parents May Be the Ones Needing Spanking," Pitts cites a study by Dr. Diana Baumrind, a psychologist at the University of California at Berkeley, who followed 164 middleclass families from the time their children were in preschool until their 20s. Results showed that most of the parents used some form of corporal punishment, but giving a mild spanking--defined as openhanded swats on the backside, arm or legs--did not leave their children scarred for life. Although Baumrind opposes spanking, she was able to make a distinction between minor punishments such as spanking and harsher variations including shaking and blows to the head or face."
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