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"The Code of the Street", 2007.
This paper studies Elijah Anderson's book "The Code of the Street".
1,021 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the book "Code of the Street" by Elijah Anderson. Specifically, it discusses the ways the campaign for respect organizes street life for younger people. The writer explains that the campaign for respect is a street code that helps inner city residents stay alive on the streets. It organizes life for young people by gaining them the respect of others and teaching them how to survive in their neighborhoods. The writer concludes that the code of the street is a complex mechanism of survival and respect. Finally, the writer points out that the campaign for respect might not work in every area of a city, but on the streets of the inner city, it is a rigid method of survival and self-respect.
From the Paper
"This is especially important in impoverished areas, where children may come from broken homes, or the parents work many jobs, and are rarely home to interact with and teach their children. Thus, they organize their lives by what they learn on the street. By seeing what works for others who may be in similar situations, they make sense of their own lives and gain valuable life skills in the process. Without this organization on the street, these children might not have the ability to learn these lessons, and they might feel alienated and alone, as if they are the only ones going through a particular problem. The campaign for respect helps them discover solutions to their problems and gives them a feeling of belonging and peer approval."
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Watching TV, 2007.
This paper argues that the negative effects of television viewing, especially in children, far outweigh the benefits.
941 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that statistics on television viewing in the United States indicate that an average American watches more than 4 hours of TV each day. The writer points out that it is obvious that an activity carried on for such long periods would have a profound influence on the person's life and on the society in which he lives. Whether the effect of television viewing is predominantly negative or positive has been a subject of intense debate for a long time and valid arguments can be found on both sides of the fence. The writer concludes that there is an urgent need for parents in particular to establish healthy television viewing habits in their homes, so that excessive TV watching does not replace other important healthy activities necessary for the balanced development of their children.
From the Paper
"Another disturbing and well-researched negative effect of television viewing is the link between violence in television content and aggressive behavior. Research shows that two-thirds of all television programming contains violence, an average hour of TV viewing contains four to five acts of violence, and children's programming , such as cartoons, average 20 to 25 violent acts every hour. If we add all these violent acts together, it would indicate that the average American child has seen 100,000 acts of violence and about 8000 murders on television by the time they leave elementary school. What is worse, many TV shows glamorize violence with violent acts being depicted as a fun and effective way to get what one wants and without consequences. Since most children imitate what they see, watching violent TV programs teaches children that violence is an acceptable way to solve problems in real life. The effect of TV violence does not remain restricted to children: for example, a study that tracked about 700 boys and girls for 17 years also revealed that aggressive behavior induced by watching TV violence at an early age persists well into adulthood. Moreover, repeated and constant exposure to TV violence makes children desensitized to real world violence and the human suffering it causes. It can also traumatize young children as they cannot fully distinguish between fantasy and reality and can come to view the world as a mean and scary place."
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Aids Study Analysis, 2007.
This paper presents an analysis of a study that looks at raising a child with AIDS.
2,895 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 28 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer presents an intensive examination and analysis of a study of the impact that raising a child with AIDS has on the overall family unit for the first five years following diagnosis. The writer concludes that the study is relevant to current times and provides an inside examination of issues that families with HIV children deal with. The need for further study is indicated and the writer maintains that it should include families with older HIV children so that the children could participate in the interviews and provide insight to the family dynamic as they see it. This paper includes approximately 15 pages of source copy and 3 pages of discussion.
Outline:
Introduction
The Study Overview
Background
Research Boundaries
Method
Participants
Results
Discussion
Strengths
Health Care Practice
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A diagnosis of HIV today, implies a life threatening but chronic condition for many of the children who have it. As with other life threatening or chronic diseases in children, a diagnosis of HIV can mean making time for doctor visits, taking precautions that would not normally have to be taken to protect the child from illnesses, and sometimes involving the entire family in mental health treatment as they cope with the diagnosis and subsequent adjustments to the fact that there is a child in the family with the condition. It is important to understand how a diagnosis of childhood HIV/AIDS impacts families, so that future treatment modules can include effective mental health and overall family assistant components as needed."
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Juvenile Sex Offenders, 2007.
A review of the theoretical basis and causes of adolescent sexual aggression as addressed in academic literature.
9,746 words (approx. 39.0 pages), 80 sources, MLA, $ 198.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how sexual aggression perpetrated by adolescents has represented a growing concern in the United States over the past decade and how adolescents account for the vast majority of cases involving rape and child molestation perpetrated by minors. It highlights the need to find a way to curb sexual aggression and in order to understand the causes and potential solutions for this problem, turns to the extant body of academic research.
Outline
Theoretical Basis of Sexual Aggression
Early Attachment
Childhood Attachment Styles
Adult Attachment Styles
Affect Regulation, Empathy, and Attachment
Fathers and Attachment
Adult Attachment
Adolescent Attachment
Etiology of Adult Male Sex Offenders
Classifications of Adult Male Sex Offenders
The Juvenile Male Sex Offender
Legal Definition of Sex Offenses
Current Research on Juvenile Offenders
Victims of the Juvenile Male Sex Offender
Demographic Characteristics of Male Juvenile Sex Offenders
Etiology of Male Juvenile Sex Offenders
Mental Health Issues of Male Juvenile Sex Offenders
Attachment and the Juvenile Sex Offender
Why This Study?
Aim of the Study
From the Paper
"Attachment theory, as proposed by Bowlby (1969, 1973), serves as a conceptual framework for explaining variations in mental health, emotional regulation, and interpersonal relations. According to Bowlby (1969, 1973), the attachment system is designed to help the child maintain proximity to significant others as a means of coping with stress-inducing events. A child's attachment behavior becomes activated by hunger, pain, fatigue, or anything frightening (Bowlby, 1988). The significant other functions as a "haven of safety" that individuals seek out for support and relief in times of stress. Additionally, the significant other serves as a "secure base" from which to explore the world and pursue other goals unrelated to attachment (Mikulincer, et al., 2003). According to Bowlby (1988), if the caregiver is consistent, there is a sense of security in this relationship. "
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Single Parenting Implications, 2007.
An analysis of the adverse effects of single parent families on children.
5,637 words (approx. 22.5 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 136.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the impact on the children involved in families with just one parent. It discusses possible adverse effects, such as developmental issues, increased sexual promiscuity, higher incidences of substance abuse, behavioral disorders and diminished academic performance. The paper then aims to determine what factors are involved in causing these effects and how best to resolve them.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter One:
Introduction
Chapter 2
Effects of Single Parenthood on Educational Outcomes
Chapter 3
Increased Incidence of Children Becoming at Risk Due to Single Parenthood
Chapter 4
Summary and Conclusions
From the Paper
"In summary, the review of the literature supports the assumption that increases in single parenthood have indeed reduced children's economic well-being; while cohabitating couples were at a slight economic advantage over single-parent households, they were still worse off than married-parent households. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that increases in marriage could be expected to provide a concomitant economic benefit for children in cohabitating and single-family homes. An increase in the number of two-parent homes would also spell the difference between academic success and failure for many children today, not to mention the proven benefits to reducing the incidence of at risk behaviors and criminal activities typically associated with single-family homes."
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Alex Molnar, 2007.
This paper looks at Alex Molnar's approach to changing behavior and argues that even though Molnar's approach is an old idea, it is still one of the best.
5,157 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 129.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that throughout the country, at-risk adolescents regularly experience many varied behavioral problems in school, including low grades or proficiency scores, a high number of school absences, disciplinary infractions, grade retention and dropping out. In many cases, the writer notes that the continual experiences of economic pressure, unstable family relationships, and a negative environment, in conjunction with the stress and uncertainty of daily life responsibilities and expectations may be too overwhelming to handle. The writer maintains that an approach by Alex Molnar for changing behavior, that dates back to the 1980s, is a reversal of this negative paradigm - thinking that a student has a positive reason for his/her behavior. The writer claims that this is an old way of looking at an old problem in a new way. The writer concludes that what Molnar suggests for educators to do unfortunately goes contrary to standard human behavior--thinking the worst before the best. However, as shown many times, if these teachers are able to transpose their own thoughts and behaviors, they can greatly enhance the entire classroom ecosystem.
Outline:
Introduction
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Although problematic behavior by adolescents has long been a given at public schools in the United States, it was not until the end of the 19th century that cities began to face the issue and only early in the 20th century that an emphasis was placed on the emotional health needs of these troubled youths. Since then, this issue has received increasing prominence with the dissemination of numerous studies, models, and authoritative reports on how to work with children and adolescents with emotional and behavioral needs by educators and government."
"Studies began to research information about the causations of problem behavior, which was then incorporated into specific prevention and intervention programs. As they began to analyze similar problem areas, researchers recognized the common antecedents."
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Teaching Defiant Students, 2007.
This paper discusses classroom strategies for teaching defiant students, looking at rules, consequences and rewards.
4,383 words (approx. 17.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 115.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines successful working scenarios that keep defiant students in the classroom and cause them to be a positive element in the classroom. The writer notes that classroom discipline is reported to be the number one concern of Americans regarding the public school system. The opinions are wide and varied. This paper examines how to create and maintain student discipline with emphasis on the defiant student. The writer concludes that reinforcement of positive behavior is critical while ignoring negative behavior is best practice. Further, the writer maintains that the student who is disruptive is many times attention-seeking therefore ignoring the 'bad' behavior while commending 'good' behavior is effective in making behavioral changes possible for the defiant child in the classroom.
Outline:
Chapter One
Research Question
Purpose of Study
Background
Statement of Problem
Significance of Study
Research Question
Definitions
Chapter Two
Historical Overview
Figure 1
Figure 2
Current Findings
Rules
Consequences and Rewards
Summary of Literature Review
Chapter Three
Classroom Application
Methodology
Bibliography
From the Paper
"It is shown in Figure 1 that the manifestation of the behaviors is different with different ages. Generally children will lessen in deviancy of behavior, reach a plateau or reverse to a level that is less serious in nature. In order that the child effectively counter development of behavior that is disruptive the child must acquire several different pro-social developmental tasks. The first of these the child must learn is to solve interpersonal problems without aggression either verbally or physically. Secondly the child must master the developmental task of being honest and learning to respect the property of others."
"A model for the developmental pathways in disruptive and delinquent behavior was developed by Loeber and Scaling (1985) in their meta-analysis of 28 studies of disruptive child behaviors which were rated by parents and teachers. Three ratings of disruptive behavior exist in this model with overt behavior on one pole and covert behavior on the other and disobedience placed precisely in the middle of the scale."
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Child Sexual Abuse, 2007.
This paper reviews research studies about child sexual abuse, with an emphasis on how child sexual abuse negatively impacts society as a whole.
2,440 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that child sexual abuse, which occurs across all ethnic, racial, socioeconomic, and religious groups, poses a significant public health problem to U.S. society. The author points out that the direct costs to society include hospitalization, chronic health problems and law enforcement. The author also points out that the indirect costs are problems such as juvenile delinquency, special education needs and criminal behavior, which are much more common among childhood victims of abuse. The paper relates that children who have been abused sexually and adult survivors of child sexual abuse often suffer a range of psychological and behavioral problems in both the short and long term. The paper includes a table showing types of child sexual abuse.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Methodology
Findings
Impact of Child Sexual Abuse on Individuals
Impact of Child Sexual Abuse on Society
Undisclosed Abuse: Hidden Implications
Conclusions and Discussion
From the Paper
"Research shows that male victims are less likely to report the abuse, more likely to blame themselves for the abuse, and more likely to act out aggressively in response to it (Overstolz, 2001). Like female victims, male victims feel guilt and self-blame, low self-esteem and self-image, problems with intimacy, sexual dysfunction, substance abuse and depression and symptoms of post-traumatic stress syndrome. Many male victims try hard to "prove" their masculinity by having multiple female sex partners; sexually, physically or verbally victimizing others; or displaying dangerous or violent behaviors. They may have negative feelings about their own sexuality, confusion over gender and sexual identity, and may experience feelings of inadequacy. They may also have a sense of lost power, control and confidence in their manhood."
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Domestic Violence, 2007.
This paper looks at treatment alternatives for domestic violence victims and offenders.
2,319 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that today, domestic violence represents an ongoing concern for policymakers and citizens alike. In spite of a number of aggressive initiatives intended to address this problem, the incidence of domestic violence appears to have increased in recent years and the implications of these trends are enormous. The writer points out that notwithstanding the economic costs involved in adjudicating incidents of domestic violence, the physical and emotional toll this phenomenon takes on its victims is frequently life-threatening and solving the underlying factors that contribute to domestic violence continues to confound researchers. To help shed some light on these issues, this paper provides an overview of the problem, a description of the common symptoms and issues that affect victims and offenders, a description of the resources could they access directly, and a discussion of some of the obstacles and challenges they face. A summary of the research and salient findings are provided in the conclusion.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Resources Available to Counter Domestic Violence
Current and Future Trends
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In some cases, courts have been shown to be more likely to order treatment in mandatory anger management programs or marriage counseling programs for men who have been accused of domestic violence than even social service providers working in women's shelters; furthermore, many men that experienced abusive families themselves may be able to recall being outraged by the violence they observed or experienced as children, but even as adults, they still continue perpetuate this cycle of domestic violence in their own homes. In addition, exposure to domestic violence has been highly correlated with low academic performance, learning problems, depression, regression, and behavioral and emotional problems."
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Adolescent Sleep Needs, 2007.
A research study exploring school starting times at the secondary level and their impact.
5,792 words (approx. 23.2 pages), 58 sources, MLA, $ 139.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the circadian rhythms undergo changes and transitions during adolescence that cause the adolescent individual to require more sleep than previously. The paper shows how insufficient sleep is dangerous for the adolescent and others around them. The paper's research illustrates the difference an extra hour of sleep makes in the morning, making later starting times for schools of primary importance. The paper concludes that ample evidence exists to show that the problems associated with delaying school starting times will be well worth the effort in terms of outcomes for adolescent students.
Outline:
Literature Review
Summary of Literature Reviewed
From the Paper
"In the work entitled: "Sleepiness and the Health and Performance on Adolescent Students" it is stated that there is evidence that sleep deprivation in the adolescent individual is very common and that this is important because sleep deprivation has a great negative effect on the cognition, memory, learning and behavior of the adolescent. (Canadian Institute of Health Research Report, 2002) According to Dr. Daniel S. Lewin, pediatric psychologists and pediatric sleep specialist for the Children's National Medical Center in Washington D.C. the normal day for an individual is 24 hours however the adolescents normal day is 25 to 26 hours which means that adolescents are not ready to go to sleep until later than the average individual. (Lesinski, 2002)"
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Teenage Alcohol Abuse, 2007.
This paper examines statistics and research involving teenage drinking.
1,856 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
During recent years, alcohol consumption among young people in the United States has raised serious concerns, particularly the practice of binge drinking The paper relates that while peer pressure is often cited as the primary reason for adolescent drinking, studies indicate that there are several variables consider. The paper examines the influence of factors such as age, gender, family income, ethnicity and school attendance.
From the Paper
"According to a nationwide 1994 study, the prevalence of alcohol use among African American and Caucasian students increased with age. Among African American students: 18.6 percent of 8th graders, 30.2 percent of 10th graders, and 32 percent of 12th graders had used alcohol within the last 30 days prior to the study (Weaver). Among Caucasian students: 26.6 percent of 8th graders, 44.1 percent of 10th graders, and 56.9 percent of 12th graders had used alcohol during the last 30 days prior to the survey (Weaver). This study revealed the Caucasian students across all three grade levels had higher prevalence of alcohol consumption than did the African American students (Weaver)."
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