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Women and the Law, 2008.
This paper discusses current attitudes and policies on gender in France and Cuba.
2,275 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper explores how the French and Cuban governments have worked towards eliminating obstacles to women's opportunities. The paper shows how both nations possess a mindset in which there is no real distinction between the overall group of the nation on the one hand and the citizen on the other and both have tried to remake their societies through revolutionary changes. The paper relates that in France gender equality laws are being slowly introduced, while in Cuba, although Fidel Castro attempted to eliminate every possible trace of discrimination, the overriding emphasis on Marxist economic development has failed to create the prosperity necessary to eliminate many traditional assumptions about gender.
From the Paper
"Centuries of inequality and oppression have made many modern societies and governments acutely aware of the way laws and political and social structures govern the relations between different groups of individuals. One of the group distinctions that has received most attention in is that which is based on gender. Whether in France, or in Cuba, women have a long history of being treated as second-class citizens; denied equal opportunities in education, employment, and public life. Both the French and Cuban governments have worked toward eliminating these obstacles to women's success and happiness. Yet, they have approached the problem in notably different ways."
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Tourism for the Gay and Lesbian Population, 2008.
This paper discusses the gay and lesbian population within the travel industry.
860 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer focuses on the effect the gay and lesbian population has had on hotel management and marketing. By reviewing and analyzing various articles and reports on this topic, the writer demonstrates why the gay and lesbian population is a heavily marketed group within the travel industry. Likewise, the writer reviews why a hotel manager should market to the gay and lesbian traveling population. Finally, the paper also touches briefly on how effective marketing to this population can occur.
Outline:
Introduction
What Gay and Lesbian Travelers Want in a Hotel
Why Market to Gay and Lesbian Travelers?
How to Market to the Gay and Lesbian Population
What Others are Doing
From the Paper
"One of the most significant developments in the travel industry, particularly as it applies to hotel management and marketing, is the recent trend aimed at attracting gay and lesbian clients. This trend developed as marketing research showed that gay and lesbian people are more likely to travel, and have more disposable income to spend when traveling, than the general population does. Thus, this group of individuals, who for decades was regarded as a niche travel population that only gay or lesbian-only travel marketing niche catered to, is now a mainstream market within the travel industry as a whole."
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Girls' Violence, 2008.
This paper discusses the correlation between girls' violence and social constructions of adolescent femininity.
898 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper refers to several works that argue that violence amongst girls is a manifestation of a larger problem that is a societal marginilization of females, especially young and teenage girls. The paper explains that in order to break from this stagnation, girls have turned inward, creating an artificial hierarchy of power that can serve as a substitute for the real society that they do not feel a part of.
From the Paper
"This theme of contextual construction of unequal power relations and gender asymmetries as the reason for the increase in the rate of violence among girls is a theme that runs across all the essays found in the anthology entitled Girls' Violence. The book, which is a collection of scholarly articles on the topic of girls and violence, brings together an international view on the subject. Such questions as whether or not violent acts committed by females has actually increased or is the phenomena more akin to a recent uncovering of the truth that has always been there and that the media has recently focused on."
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Transgender Employee Performance, 2008.
A research proposal for a qualitative comparison in the workplace of transgender employee performance before and after transition.
1,505 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a dissertation that will examine transgender employee performance. The primary research questions addressed are "What effects does transition have on transgender employee performance" and "How well do companies work with transgender employees to bolster performance and create a culturally acceptable climate, one that works to support transgender employees and works to help foster acceptance and tolerance?". The paper also describes the independent and dependent variables of the proposed study, the correlational aspects and the literature reviewed, in addition to the secondary questions that the research addresses.
Outline:
Variables And Constructs In Prior Research
Variables In Proposed Dissertation
Quality Of Measures In Prior Research
Actions To Support Quality Of Measures In Proposed Dissertation
From the Paper
"The researcher expects the results of this proposed dissertation will fill a void present in current literature that outlines how well transgender employees assimilate regardless of their transition status, and help organizations learn how to develop independent tools for creating a culturally diverse environment, one that is more likely to be accepting of transgender employees regardless of their status. Because much of this research relates to the internal emotions, feelings and perceptions of transgender employees, it is necessary for the researcher to identify the emotions, feelings and self perceptions of transgender employees before and after transition for the proposed study. This information may be gathered through electronic or hand-delivered anonymous self-report questionnaires provided to study participants. Because of the sensitivity and nature of the proposed research subject, it is important the researcher fully inform participants of the goal and objectives of the study, the variables intended for study and for the researcher to provide study participants access to the results of the study on request. Matters of consent will be handled through NDA and confidentiality agreements with participant's assigned numbers rather than names to identify their status for purposes of data collection."
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Depression, Gender and Stigma, 2008.
An analysis of the stigma surrounding depression and whether there is a gender influence.
723 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 10 sources, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a study that examines whether stigma exists surrounding depression, and whether females are more likely to be stigmatized or categorized as having depression than males are of the same peer group. It discusses how the literature finds that there are many instances where non-educated consumers consider depression and other disorders including low self-esteem or anxiety commonplace among women rather than men and how this may result in suppression of feeling in men who may need care.
Outline:
Introduction
Hypothesis
Research Question
Findings
From the Paper
"For purposes of this study stigma may be defined as an individual or group reaction toward members of other groups that one may describe as deviant or result in considering other parties of "marginal status" (Katz, 1981:1). Throughout history researchers have acknowledged the stigma associated with having a mental disorder, whether that disorder is depression, anxiety or some other significant mental health disorder requiring treatment (Katz, 1981; MacMillan, et al. 1996). There are many reasons for this, including society's fear of mental health and fear that someone with a mental health condition may or may not be capable of interacting with "normal" members of society (Katz, 1981). "
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Sex and Gender, 2008.
A discussion on the difference between sex and gender and whether they are a biological or social construct.
1,091 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how sex and gender are really two very different things, as the topic of transsexuals shows. It contends that simply because a person is born one sex or another does not guarantee he/she is the "right" gender for his/her biological needs and wants, which is why so many people choose to change their sex through artificial and surgical means. The paper argues that gender is basically about reproduction and biology, while sex and identity are all about society and what society believes about men and women.
From the Paper
"In her book "Self-Made Man," author Norah Vincent writes, "Gender identity, it seems, is in the genes as surely as sex and identity are, but we don't know why the program deviates. Maybe a crossed wire somewhere, or the hormonal equivalent" (Vincent 6). I believe that gender is in the genes, and I also believe that gay and lesbian people are wired differently, not in a bad way, but in a different way that is biological and leads them in a less traditional lifestyle that is not accepted by society. Gender is essential for procreation and life, but the social norm of gender is not essential, it is simply a construct society has created regarding "men" versus "women" and all that means. Gender is basically about reproduction and biology, while sex and identity are all about society and what society believes about men and women."
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Child Molestation, 2008.
A discussion that examines the type of individuals that molest children.
3,951 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
The paper states that over the past few years there has been a marked increase in the number of children victimized by child molesters. The paper adds that the advent and popularity of the internet has spawned a new breed of molesters that are preying upon children. The paper then discusses and examines the type of individuals that molest children and focuses on several studies and observations that have been made concerning the nature of these individuals.
Outline:
Introduction
Child Molesters and Heterosocial competence
Child Molesters that are Socially Skilled
Child Molesters Perceptions Of Early Interpersonal Relationships
Female Child Molesters
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Overall it is apparent that child molesters do not necessarily fit into one category and the reasons for the behaviors can vary greatly. However, there are some characteristics that seem to be consistent with many child molesters. In many cases they are preoccupied with being accepted, they tend to live double lives and more often then not they were sexually abused as children. One of the most disturbing findings of this research is the fact that molesters could be anyone and in many cases it is not someone that would be suspected of committing any crime against a child."
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Domestic Violence: the Scourge of Intimacy, 2008.
A review the literature on domestic violence or abuse with particular reference to persons in the immediate family.
4,068 words (approx. 16.3 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
The paper states that domestic violence is now considered a major crime and a serious health hazard. The problem is that anyone can be a victim or an abuser as neither has a definite or consistent profile. The paper comments that therapists and society view women victims as incapable of violence themselves and notes that depressed war veterans and veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder tend to perpetrate domestic violence more than any other tested group. The paper then provides a review of the literature on the topic, focusing on the most common victim, the motivation for domestic abuse, and organizations that exist to prevent the abuse. The paper also explains that the descriptive-normative method of survey and research was used for the study.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Literature
Method
From the Paper
"Studies show that veterans who suffer from depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder tend to commit domestic violence more than other veterans surveyed without the disorder. Another study found that men and women have comparable chances of victimization. The consequences of victimization are also similar. Both of them tend to develop severe depressive disorder and take recourse to marijuana use. Men may also take to alcohol and become more anxious."
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College Males Tend to Objectify Women, 2008.
An examination of the effect of pornography on the way that male college students begin to objectify females.
1,781 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 21 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the environment that American males find themselves in at college, where they are surrounded with sexually-explicit stimuli, have an effect on the general attitude of college males toward females. It particularly analyzes the literature regarding the effect of the exposure to pornography on the way that young males begin to objectify females.
Table of Contents:
Cultural and Sociological Bases
Biological Bases
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Research has shown that during the college years, both men and women can buy into the rape myth acceptance (Allen et al., 1995) and that on the college campus, desensitization can occur for both genders due to repeated exposure (Goleman, 1985). Thus, individuals who are frequently exposed to frequent cultural and sociological pressures and sexually violent material are likely to learn and abide by such negative behaviors and also to accept the violent treatment women receive as justified. Furthermore, individuals who view sexually violent media might be more willing to accept rape myths (Emmers-Sommer 11). All of these elements are present on the college campus and must be found to have some effect on the attitude of men's objectification of women while there."
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Gender System, 2008.
An analysis of the dichotomy of our gender system.
2,041 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews part of the vast literature exploring the dichotomy of our gender system as a means of disrupting a paradigm that can no longer be upheld. It begins by evaluating a feminist reading of ancient philosophy that purports to show that the male/female dichotomy is analogous to the philosophical mind/body split. It then shows how such a dichotomy can be readily shattered in the case of intersexual infants and how such instances, as they manifest themselves in the real world, effectively show that the gender dichotomy is a social construct. The paper then explores gender's intersections with key issues of sexuality, as they emerge in the work of such authors as J. Butler and E.K. Sedgwick. Finally, the paper looks at the autobiographical narratives of a number of women who have had lived experience of the problems posed by the gender dichotomy.
From the Paper
"While Spelman argues against the conceptualization of women as being on the inferior end of the mind/body dichotomy, she nevertheless ends her argument by asserting that the mind/body split can still be a useful intellectual paradigm. This conclusion is shattered by the analysis of such writers as Fausto-Sterling (2000). Fausto-Sterling explores the subject of intersexuality - that is, infants who are born with ambiguous genitalia that poses a direct threat to the socially constructed norms of gender. These infants are neither female nor male, and often become the subject of corrective surgeries at a young age to "normalize" their bodies and transform them into one of the properly (i.e. socially) defined genders. "
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Gender and Culture, 2008.
This paper discusses and compares gender roles within American and African cultures.
1,291 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that culture plays an important part in defining gender and gender roles in society. In fact, even within the same culture there may be considerable differences that occur due to the cleavage between urban and rural settings. The writer discusses that generally speaking, a rural environment usually follows tradition rather than modernization which is equal to traditional gender roles. The traditional gender role in the case of women implies taking care of the household and offspring, which is eventually conducive to a certain degree of confinement and isolation primarily due to being unemployed. This paper looks at the situation as far as gender roles in two dramatically different cultures, i.e. American and African cultures, and consequently provides an assessment of the impact of these differences on society as a whole, and on the individual.
From the Paper
"An immensely culturally rich society as the American one offers a very interesting model of gender roles. Moreover, one must also consider the economic character and opportunities that have contributed to shaping this particular gender role pattern. The biggest influence on gender roles can be found in the 1960s when the wave of student protests, civil rights movement, and sexual revolution was very strong generating an incredible shift in values which ultimately led to a change in mentalities. The advent of birth control, along with economic recession led to a decrease in birthrates and a considerable increase in the rate of women entering the labor force. Another important factor was that more and more jobs that had been traditionally reserved for men became available to women. In fact, there was a higher degree of openness between genders in the sense that more women were getting access to previously male-dominated fields while more and more men turned to traditionally 'women's professions' such as nursing and teaching."
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