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Fertilization Techniques, 2007. The writer discusses the beginnings of fertilization techniques and looks at the various processes available. 2,326 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 71.95 »
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Abstract In this paper, the writer notes that in the past few decades, several advanced current-day fertilization techniques for women that have difficulties conceiving children have emerged at the forefront of medical technology. The writer points out that medical professionals are now able to prescribe a few different treatment options for women that are unable to get pregnant naturally. If treatment has not resulted in pregnancy after four to six menstrual cycles, fertilization techniques may be considered. The writer concludes that it appears that different techniques have roots in in vitro fertilization, which is predicted to see improvements over the next few years. The writer maintains that the future of human fertilization appears bright.
Outline:
Introduction
In Vitro (test tube) Fertilization
Third Party Donor
Gametic Intra-fallopian Transfer
Intra-cytoplasmic Sperm Injection
Conclusion
From the Paper "Currently, in due to improvements in ultrasound imaging, surgery is no longer necessary for most in vitro fertilization patients. Technological progress has allowed for the use of a sonographically-guided needle to replace the surgical procedure which previously was used to recover eggs. This procedure, called Transvaginal Oocyte Retrieval, requires neither hospitalization nor general anesthesia. Instead, the woman undergoes about two weeks of intensive preparation, including hormonal therapy with fertility drugs. Blood tests and ultrasound scans of the ovaries are used to determine the optimal time to retrieve the eggs from the ovary, and at the proper time, an outpatient procedure under local anesthesia will allow the female's eggs to be visualized by ultrasound and retrieved from the ovary by placing a needle through the vaginal wall. The woman experiences pain similar to a pap smear and is able to return home and resume normal activities. The embryologist places the sperm with the eggs when they are ready for fertilization, maintaining them in a laboratory dish in a nutrient mixture which acts as a substitute for the environment that would otherwise have been provided by the fallopian tubes."
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Reformation, 2007. This paper discusses changes brought about by the Reformation relating to the family environment. 976 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95 »
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Abstract In this article, the writer notes that for every segment of the universal history, in order to have a proper image of the realities of the time, it is important to take into account all major aspects of the social order. From this perspective, the writer then points out that the family framework is representative for painting a relevant illustration of the era. The revolution in human thought must be seen from a historical perspective and background. The writer discusses that the Reformation brought along a series of changes that would prove to affect the future evolution of the family environment. The writer concludes that overall, it can be said that the Reformation had indeed an important influence upon the family environment of the Renaissance period.
From the Paper "In the late middle Ages, at the beginning of the Renaissance, questions about the real value of the human being became again the centerpiece of philosophical thought. Scholars such as Pico Della Mirandola advocated the supremacy of man as the representative of God and the only receiver of Its Word. Accordingly, the woman was identified with sexuality and sin. Therefore, everything that was somewhat related to the woman as procreator, with family and children was treated with utter disregard and cruelty. In this context, the Reformation of the church was an important step in modifying the status of family member, both women and children."
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Erectile Dysfunction, 2007. A research proposal for the study of treatments for erectile dysfunction. 877 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 31.95 »
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Abstract This paper presents a reaearch proposal to examine whether individual therapy, group therapy, marriage counseling or medication is more effective in treating erectile dysfunction.
Outline:
Methodology
Data Collection
Analysis
From the Paper "Erectile dysfunction not only affects the physical aspect of relationships, but also impacts the emotional side of relationships. Erectile dysfunction affects an estimated 10 to 20 million men in America. This number may be under-reported because of the possibility that some men may not tell their physician or seek treatment for the problem out of embarrassment or other reasons (Andolsek, 1997).
Erectile dysfunction affects sexual performance as well as self-esteem for the men who have it. "
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Effects of Advertising on Body Image, 2007. An analysis of the effects of advertising on body perception, self-esteem and purchase decisions. 6,231 words (approx. 24.9 pages), 35 sources, MLA, $ 145.95 »
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Abstract This study uses a social comparison theory as the primary basis for its exploration of body perception in advertising, affects of advertising on self-esteem, and purchase decisions. It explores the theoretical basis of the negative effect and how exposure to highly attractive models (HAMs) affects the intention to buy a beauty product in women with a low opinion of their own body image.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background of Study
Research Problem
Objectives Of The Study
Research Questions
Significance Of The Study
Theoretical Background
Hypotheses
Conceptual Framework for Methodology
Conclusion
From the Paper "It is important to note that social and clinical research studies over the years have given definite conclusions that show the relation to and affect of media exposure and its representation of the thin body-image as ideal in relation to a negative affect on the women's self-image and lead to body dissatisfaction (Groesz, Levine, & Murnen, 2002). The conclusions and results show that the most common effects of this "thin" ideal body-image is to do with self-image and body unhappiness (e.g., Harrison & Cantor, 1997; Heinberg, Thompson, & Stormer, 1995). Other research into the concept of thin as ideal has demonstrated inconsistent, minimal or no association whatsoever between the two phenomenon (e.g., Champion & Furnham, 1999; e.g., Cash, Cash, & Butters, 1983; Irving, 1990)!"
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Sexual Harassment, 2007. An analysis of legislation associated with the prevention of sexual harassment in the workplace and institutions of education. 1,981 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95 »
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Abstract This discussion investigates the laws associated with sexual harassment in the workplace and institutions of education. It describes the legislation that is in place to prohibit sexual harassment in the workplace and to punish those who engage in such harassment despite the fact that it is prohibited. It also discusses the prevalence and impact of sexual harassment.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Laws Associated With Sexual Harassment
Prevalence
The Impact of Sexual Harassment
Conclusion
From the Paper "The research as it relates to the impact of sexual harassment seems to assert that victims are often afraid to report harassment because the severity of sexual harassment has been minimalized within society and the organization. The author also points out that sexual harassment can trigger other memories of abuse and have a deep psychological effect on the victim. In addition the research indicates that victims are often forced to interact with victimizers and work in an environment that is hostile. The impact of sexual harassment can also be seen in whether or not victims choose to report the crime or not. Overall it is evident that victims of sexual harassment endure a great deal as a result of the harassment and the processes that may follow the reporting of such harassment."
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Shaping of Understanding, 2007. This paper examines how gender shapes our understanding of the world on many levels. 2,087 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 65.95 »
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Abstract In this paper, the writer looks at how gender shapes the way in which we see the world, affecting our decisions and choices. The writer maintains that work, education, sexuality, war, health and popular culture are all, in some measure, influenced by our views of what it means to be either a man, or woman, or by the absence of any clear notion of those roles. The writer notes that the idea of a division accorded to gender is common to people at all different levels of technological development and social organization. The writer concludes that though much has changed, popular culture, together with almost every other aspect of society, keeps many stereotypes and pre-conceptions alive and well.
From the Paper "A frequently-quoted statistic states that women are grossly underrepresented in managerial positions even in large, and supposedly progressive, corporations. These careers do not involve much physical labor, but they do involve a considerable amount of logical thought and decision-making. As well, many of them require advanced degrees or other forms of educational certification. In the minds of many, these sorts of activities are still best performed by men. Women are also often paid less than men though they perform identical work. As a result of these attitudes, women must work harder in order to prove themselves. They must be over-diligent and over-devoted to their careers. Such tactics lay them open to charges that they are self-centerdly cold and unfeeling in the pursuit of their aims, willing to climb over others, and take advantage of those beneath them. The business world can still be a man's world."
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Woolfe and Freud, 2007. A comparison of Virginia Woolfe and Sigmund Freud's views on women. 1,541 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 50.95 »
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Abstract This paper describes and discusses the teachings of Sigmund Freud and Virginia Woolfe. The paper then compares Freud and Woolfe's views about women. The paper argues that Woolfe's views on women are much more realistic than Freud's are. The paper cites examples to support its argument and describes the writer's reaction to the theories.
From the Paper "Freud's theory of the "oedipal conflict" does nothing to reduce the tension between men and women. In fact, as an explanation, it sustains the tension and conflict between the sexes because it makes it unavoidable. According to Freud, we are human beings who must go through certain stages of development. All children must fall in love with their mothers and want to kill their fathers and must work through their feelings of guilt, anger, and envy. Virginia Woolfe, on the other hand, points out the inequality that women are subjected to in "a man's world," and the unfairness of society in keeping women from realizing their highest potentials. Society can do something about these things. Opportunities can be made for women to get education and to do great things. Woolfe offers hope. Freud does not. For women, then, what Woolfe has to say is more relevant."
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Women's Image in Advertisements, 2007. This paper is an analysis of the portrayal of women's image in magazine advertisements in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), as based on a content analysis of the literature and on a convenience sample survey of 50 female students. 17,435 words (approx. 69.7 pages), 34 sources, APA, $ 249.95 »
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Abstract This paper states that the the main purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of women's image in advertisements' contents as depicted in the most widely circulated Arab women magazines in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and to identify the effect of such contents in formulating the societal image of women. The study also examines how women feel about the presented image of women in advertising. The author points out that, in the UAE, women not only are gaining ground in workforce participation but also are filling positions once held primarily by men; however, this is not always reflected in ads. The paper indicates that the majority of female students felt that the relationship between the woman's image in published advertisements and society's view towards her is a highly positive one. The paper includes the data generated by the survey and several figures, tables and quotations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Introduction
Need for the Study
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Procedures
Research Hypotheses
Review of Literature
Background and Overview
United Arab Emirates Today
The Impact of Advertisement
The Importance of the Visual Image in Advertisements
The Women's Image in the Visual Advertisements
Depiction of Women in Magazine Advertisements
Methodology
Sample
Instrumentation
Data Collection Procedures
Results
Data Analysis
Discussion and Conclusion
Discussion of Results
Recommendations
Questionnaire
From the Paper "Arab information media have by and large been established on a weak economic base throughout the Middle East. For example, Arab newspapers were introduced when national incomes and populations were small, and the literacy rates were low; as a result, both advertising revenues and mass-circulation sales (the two primary sources of commercial newspaper income elsewhere), were restricted. Even after World War II, as the Arab economies enjoyed a new level of prosperity, advertising remained sufficiently insignificant to most Arab businessmen, and did not appear to represent a viable avenue of revenue-generation in the modest-circulation press, to enable newspaper publishers to generate many advertisements in the first place."
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Migration, 2007. This paper discusses migration in the global market focusing on women's part in this issue. 2,905 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 29 sources, MLA, $ 86.95 »
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Abstract In this paper, the writer maintains that the change in the outlook, approach, tactics and demand of the global market has put more pressure on businessmen and businesswomen to migrate internationally and take full advantage of the opportunities that are being presented due to the modified global market system. The writer discusses employment in the global marketplace, concentrating on women's place in this issue. The writer concludes that it is no new thing that women are very much a part of the developing world and play their part in its growth with skillful input in the job opportunities that they avail, yet the majority of the proportion of working women still occupy the lower managerial jobs and services pertaining to their racial, academic, ethnicity, religious conviction, communicative and English speaking skills leading to varied working conditions, paying scales and social-economic standards.
Outline:
Introduction
Women in the global workforce
Migrant women and global workforce
Conclusion
From the Paper "This change in the outlook, approach, tactics and demand of the global market has put more pressure on the businessmen and businesswomen to migrate internationally and take full advantage of the opportunities that are being presented due to the modified global market system. Mostly, the hiring and promotional techniques of all global market employees is assessed on the division that their home towns and choice of migrated towns have when it comes to gender employment. The rising pattern that can be seen in the global migration is the move of many determined and independent women into the cutthroat world of global trade which, according to a report done by ILO in 2003, has led to the hiring and placement of women in highly susceptible positions. This particular concept is named the 'feminization' of migration and because of this 'feminization', and the jobs being provided to the women, the concept of the 'feminization of poverty' is emerging with a steady and healthy rise in the social-economic status of the women."
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The Church and Human Sexuality, 2007. This paper concentrates on the Christian view of human sexuality. 3,153 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 91.95 »
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Abstract In this paper, the writer notes that in recent times, there has been a tremendous amount of discussion about Christianity and its approach to human sexuality. The writer points out that depending on the commentator, the Church's position on sexuality is empowering, negative, supportive, or neutral. In addition, the writer discusses that some suggest that it is impossible to describe one Christian view about sexuality because of the various positions that differing Christians have taken regarding the relationship between one's sexuality and one's spirituality. However, such an answer belies the fact that, until recently, Catholics, Orthodox Christians, and all of the mainstream Protestant denominations took a negative view of human sexuality except for the purposes of procreation. The writer concludes that one must assume that the Christian view of sexuality will continue to evolve, as science and society gain a greater understanding of human sexuality.
From the Paper "It is important to recognize that there is not one version of Christianity. Orthodox Christians and Catholics have a similar approach to the church, and their religions are shaped and formed by much outside of Scripture. In fact, with Catholicism, given that the Pope is considered to be the voice of God, some extra-scriptural things are given more weight than the words in the actual scripture. This attitude has allowed for the development of a religion that expands upon, explains, and even contradicts, the teachings in the Bible. Protestantism, as the name implies, began as a reaction to the Catholic Church's deviations from scripture, and has been characterized by faithfulness to the literal interpretation of the Bible. The problem with the Protestant approach is that the Bible relays information about events, which has been perverted by people into an endorsement of those events and behaviors. In fact, Biblical literalism may have damaged the Church, especially in gender and race relations. Anti-Semitism, slavery, homophobia, and sexism have all been explained away and even justified by the use or misuse of Scripture."
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Women in Contemporary Africa, 2007. This paper argues the necessity of subverting and reformulating the so-called traditional images of women in contemporary Africa. 1,885 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 60.95 »
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Abstract This paper underscores that the idea that women must be inferior to men, which today permeates every level of African society, is not necessarily African traditional patriarchal values but rather a recent social construction of the instability of present-day African society. The author points out that, in the past, women had a clear, powerful social place not dominated by the males because the fundamental unit of African society was the family. The paper stresses that Africa must return to a truly equitable family structure, where both parents retain authority and responsibility for raising children. The author lists that this can be achieved by (1) women not marrying when they are still children themselves, (2) greater education and access to birth control and methods of family planning , (3) fostering African women's powerful networks and (4) changing Africa culturally and politically.
From the Paper "Many African countries are still ruled by informal patriarchal norms governing women's place in sexual relationships. In some societies, women are unable to choose their sexual partners or husbands, rather these choices are made for them by their families. In the case of rape, female bodies are used as a tool of political insurgency, as demonstrations of the opposition's strength and will. In situations where men have the predominant social, political, and economic power, a woman is unlikely to be able to insist on the use of condoms, or to take measures to protect herself from HIV."
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Homosexuals and the Public Schools, 2007. This paper is a literature review, which investigates the experience of homosexual students in the public school system and what is taught in the public schools about homosexuality. 6,695 words (approx. 26.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 152.95 »
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Abstract This paper reports that homosexual teens have a great deal more to deal with than do their heterosexual peers, which is due in part to the way they are treated at school. The author points out that homosexual teens are more likely to drop out of high school, to suffer from depression and to commit suicide. The paper stresses that the treatment of homosexual students in the school setting can be changed by initiating teaching programs to educate teachers and students concerning the issues of homosexuality, especially problems of self- esteem.
Table of Contents:
Topic Proposal
Research Questions
Rationale
Literature Review
Challenges Gay Students Face in the School Setting
How Gay Students Cope in the School Setting
Education and Other School Resources
Curriculum
School Programs that have Found Success
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "In addition to physical harassment, many studies have also found that many homosexual teens are victims of verbal abuse in the school setting. For instance, an early study conducted by Remafedi's (1987) found that 55% of the gay and bisexual male teens reported regular verbal harassment from peers. In studies conducted in the late nineties, researchers found that the majority of homosexual and bisexual participants were harassed by peers using words such as faggot and dyke at least once a day at school. These participants also reported that teachers referred to them using such language as faggot and dyke on a monthly basis."
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