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The Social Sciences and Youth Violence, 2008.
This paper discusses the causality of youth violence from the perspective of the social sciences disciplines of anthropology, psychology and sociology
935 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that this anthropological study of youth violence takes an ethnographic approach. The paper then points out that psychology looks at youth violence in terms of cause and effect and how those related issues can determine methods of prevention through intervention with human behavior. In addition, the paper relates that sociology studies the culture of youth violence seeking ways to change the manner in which society functions to correct the problem. The author concludes that these social sciences need to reexamine themselves and make efforts to bring their methodologies into the twenty-first century; however, there is room for all of the current disciplines to co-exist in today's world.
From the Paper
"Judging by recent events, the questions asked by Courtney (1999) are as relevant today as they were when the article was written. Courtney asks why do boys and men commit 95% of the violent crimes in the United States? Why do teen homicides frequently have the common denominator of boys killing boys with guns? Why do one in 10 high school boys carry guns to school, in contrast to one in 70 girls? The answer, Courtney explains, has roots in today's society. Although we tell boys to solve things peacefully, boys are often represented in the media as resolving issues by fighting."
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The English Language, 2008.
Argues that the future of the English language promises to be an eventful one.
1,880 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that there is every reason to believe that the English language will continue to divide and sub-divide in much the same way as the ancient Indo-European language of which it is a descendant divided and sub-divided over time. The paper further asserts that one can reasonably expect to see the denotative and, especially, connotative meanings of words change as societal attitudes and perceptual paradigms change. Lastly, the paper asserts that, as society evolves and new innovations muscle their way to the fore, new words and expressions will enter the lexicon - helped along by the fact that English has always been very good at borrowing from other languages when striving to find an apt descriptor for a new "thing" or phenomenon. The paper concludes that, in the end, the English language will continue to grow more dynamic, larger, and will most likely continue to freely take from other languages.
From the Paper
"For instance, Fred C. Robinson writes that a statement such as King Edward's in Henry VI, "Warwick was a bug that feared us all," would be incomprehensible to today's readers without an appreciation of how the noun, "bug," and the past-tense of the verb "fear", which is to say "feared," have both changed in meaning over the centuries. To be specific, in sixteenth and early seventeenth century England - the England of Shakespeare's time - a bug meant "an object of terror, a bug-bear," and the verb, "feared," meant something quite a bit different than the common modern-day understanding which holds that the subject in the sentence is afraid of someone or something."
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Diversity Training for Law Enforcement, 2008.
A discussion of diversity in an organization including a concrete proposal for a diversity training program in a law enforcement organization.
3,056 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of effective diversity training for law enforcement. It discusses the dysfunction within the human resource management (HRM) of the organization in question, relative to diversity. The paper then provides background information on what true diversity is in an organization and offers a concrete proposal for a diversity training program.
Table of Contents:
Overview
Diversity
Proposal
Diversity Program Outline
Objectives of the Program
The Case for Diversity - Improving an Organization's Bottom Line
Communication--How to Improve and Teach It
Stereotypes in the Workplace--Use of Us/Them Mentalities
Listening--How to Improve It
Body Language--Non-Verbal Communication
The Organizational Cultural Audit
Budget Proposal for Diversity Program
Rationale for ROI
Rationale for Personnel Expenses
Non-personnel Expenses Rationale
From the Paper
"Diversity has been an important and highly sought after quality in organizations over the past twenty years. In some sense it has become the holy grail of organizational efficiency and awarded almost mythical status as a panacea for a lack of organizational vision and creativity. Diversity programs have been instituted in companies and organizations as diverse as Allstate is to Canon ("Diversity", 1998). Almost every organization, public or private, makes some attempt to address diversity its workforce. Diversity in the workforce is most often equated with racial and cultural dimensions and the development of these differences in an equitable and productive manner (Thomas & Ely, 2001). In all instances, diversity training and the development of diversity is meant to both improve the work environment as well as the underlying performance quotient of the organization."
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Creolization and Caribbean Culture, 2008.
A definition of creolization and an analysis of cultural traits, language or other social elements that exist as part of Caribbean culture.
1,291 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the predominant aspects of Caribbean culture, known as creolization. The paper defines creolization and discusses why it is arguably one of the defining characteristics of the Caribbean. The paper also discusses what Caribbean culture is and focuses on cultural traits, language or other social elements that exist as a result of its diverse background.
From the Paper
"It is interesting to note a specific example within the media trend that shows how creolization continues to be associated with Caribbean culture. The current 'skinny trend', for women is one of the most blatant examples of the social implication dynamic. Primarily, the image of women in the media and the associated American entertainment industry is continually objectified and simultaneously encourages the one dimensional concept of beauty - that is being skinny or 'thin'. Unfortunately, being beautiful in advertisements for females, also means being thin, this has resulted in eating disorders and illness for many women who have been trying to reach this ideal. Also in the media industry females are more susceptible to societal judgments that are sometimes unrealistic and detrimental to their mental and physical well-being. The media industry perpetuates this image and worsens a problem that depletes social value within the society. The Caribbean culture was predominantly one that focused on healthy lifestyles, especially with food. However in wake of these noted media trends, there has been more cases of women adopting this ideal and are no longer content with fuller figures, ("Cultural Aspects of Eating Disorders", n.d., para 5)."
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The Dissolution of the "Nuclear Family", 2008.
An analysis of the contributing factors to and the implications of the dissolution of the nuclear family structure.
1,499 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the trend of the shift away from the nuclear family structure. It discusses the social and evolutionary changes that have contributed to this shift, as well as the psychological and social implications to the family of the shift. The paper discusses some of the problems that have been associated with this shift towards an individualistic society.
From the Paper
"The shift from the nuclear family toward an individualistic society seems inevitable, and yet regrettable. The social and psychological results of the shift hold substantial risk to all members of society. Under the individualistic model, adults are not guaranteed the "vital" functions of sex and conjugal bonds (Soto 499). Adults and children are both at risk in the absence of a nuclear family structure due to the lack of permanent or stable paternity and childcare. Finally, children are at risk of social and psychological confusion, as well as the lack of "patrimonial knowledge" gained from a cohesive parental unit (Soto 499). Children raised without a clear structure or understanding of their social system create a cycle wherein society fails to protect and work for its members. As such, the individual and the family are in crisis as it becomes more and more socially acceptable to move away from the nuclear family model."
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The Water Bottle, 2008.
This paper is a Prown's object analysis of a cultural artifact, the typical water bottle.
2,200 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that water bottles, designed to hold water and any sort of liquid, come in a variety of shapes, sizes and even methods of use. The author points out that, while water bottles originally may have been developed for athletic purposes, they now have become both a fashion statement and a convenience item. The paper states that the water bottle as a cultural artifact is an important element of a greater cultural development called commoditization. The author suggests that, in analyzing the water bottle as a commodity and as a cultural relic, it is best to rely on a qualitative methodology, which will allow the researcher to approach this topic from an phenomenological perspective rather than a deterministic, quantitative perspective that might obscure the fact that actual people use water bottles in a myriad of ways and for a number of diverse purposes. The paper includes a colored picture of water bottles.
Table of Content:
Description
Substantial Analysis
Content
Formal Analysis
Deduction
Sensory Engagement
Intellectual Engagement
Emotional Response
Speculation
Theories & Hypothesis
Program of Research
From the Paper
"The water bottle is a work of architecture as much as it is an item of convenience. In architecture, form and function are uniquely inter-related and in design related specialties that must pay attention to this relationship, how the designer melds these two attributes is critical to the final appearance and practicality of the item in question. For the water bottle, it can be seen that function follows form. The most important attribute of the typical water bottle is the manner in which it holds water and how easily it can be grasped by the human hand without any form of manual assistance in the form of another individual or a lifting device such as a strap or a handle."
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Cultural Relativism and Feminism, 2008.
This paper discusses human rights versus the right to cultural self-determination and group rights.
2,428 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that one of the key tensions in contemporary feminist theory is the tension between cultural rights on the one hand, and gender equality rights, that is, women's human rights, on the other hand. It is argued that cultural relativism cannot be allowed to supersede universal rights, and therefore that radical cultural relativism must be rejected. The writer maintains that at most, a partial cultural relativism may be accepted - but what is really needed is an ongoing debate to try and arrive at universal human rights that can be agreed on globally. Whatever these rights turn out to be, the key point that is argued is that claims of cultural relativism function to preserve male privilege, just as in the West, rhetoric about traditional family values has tried to hold the fort against the introduction of basic human rights, such as votes for women and marriage for same-sex couples. The appeal to culture or tradition does not automatically confer legitimacy on unjust customs.
From the Paper
"One solution is to try to reform these cultures from within. The problem is that within a paradigm of collective rights, this is often neither practical nor possible. It is argued that Nagengast (1997) has a better solution, when she proposes that what is really needed is continuing debate, with a view to arriving at a consensus as to what would constitute universal rights - and that while we are doing this, radical cultural relativity must be rejected.
"Coomaraswamy notes that Asian scholars have also suggested a way of reframing this debate, by couching it in terms of Asian values as specifically non-Western values. In this reframing, the key point that is argued is that Western values privilege individual rights over communal values .."
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Rebels, Their Causes and Society, 2008.
A look at how the rebel and how society perceives the rebel is determined by a range of social, economic, political and cultural factors.
1,346 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the rebel exists within a constant state of tension within society. The paper explains that in one sense rebels are seen as innovators that move society forward, and in another sense they are seen as a direct threat to the stability of a society. The paper explores how the dominant depiction of rebels depends on whether the society is in a state of advancement or trying to stabilize itself and uses two works to examine this argument. These works are "Hackers and the Battle for Cyberspace" by Helen Nissenbaum and "From Hell's Angel" by Ralph "Sonny" Barger. The paper also looks at how rebels occupy a precarious place in society. In conclusion, the paper shows that sometimes rebels are seen as a positive force of creativity, however when they threaten dominant institutions too much they are transformed into criminals that society attempts to destroy.
From the Paper
"This statement seems to indicate that although hackers largely did not play by the rules they did provide a valuable social and economic function. They were the creative individuals who really made the Internet into the highly functional technology that it is today. For this reason their rebellious nature was accepted by society as a whole.Many writers and researchers have noted that rebels play vital social, cultural, economic and political functions within society. For example, in "The Praise Folly" Desiderius Erasmus has Folly (the pinnacle of rebelliousness) explains her importance to society."
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Bruce Springsteen and the Rebel Youth Culture, 2008.
This paper looks at Bruce Springsteen and discusses individuality, class hierarchy and the "rebel" youth culture of America.
1,193 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This anthropological study analyzes how Bruce Springsteen has become more than a rock 'n' roll musician in his cultural influence on American youth culture. The writer notes that not only has Springsteen been a major musical influence in the rock 'n' roll genre, he reflects the social dreams and desires of American youth culture through a variety of class distinctions and lifestyles. In essence, the writer notes that Bruce Springsteen sings of different class backgrounds. Further, the writer maintains that Springsteen defines a rebellious and individualistic identity in youth culture through his lyrics and musical understanding of American social norms.
From the Paper
"The type of feeling that calls for redemption of the poor people in the world can also be seen in his music on a domestic note. This forms the main corpus of lyrics and music that respond to the deeper troubles that youth sought within the often depressing and economically down turned post-Nixon era of American culture. Bruce Springsteen, although not above singing songs of the more carefree traditional songs of Little Richard, is more apt to be singing about the quest for freedom from authority for young people. After all, Bruce Springsteen had come from a middle class background, and he had known the suffering of being without money or of having a place to live. For instance, in "Born to Run", Springsteen uses a lyrical example of the desperation of youth culture, as the confines of social norms drives the young people to reach beyond barriers through escaping cultural isolationism."
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The Cultural Evolution of Aboriginal Marriage, 2008.
A comparison of historical and modern day Aboriginal marriages in Australia.
1,089 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the early historical origins of Aboriginal marriages, in their practices and ceremonies, that are found in what is now modern day Australia. In particular, the paper presents an historical overview of the ancient practices of these Aboriginal marriages and shows how they are used within the modern context of marriages of Aboriginal Australians today.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, the history of the marriage ceremonies and practices of the Australian Aborigines is one that has stayed true with the ancient customs that were initiated through a creationist religious mythology. The binding essence of the firestick provides a sexual and legally binding ceremony that is provided though family members, uniting the man and the woman within the tribe. The evolution of these marriage rites include a multi-cultural integration with other ethnic or racial groups, which provides a foundation for the relevancy and survival of these ceremonies. In this manner, this study has provided a historical evaluation of the marriage ceremonies and practices of the Aboriginal peoples of Australia from the early past to the present tense."
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The Native Girl Syndrome, 2008.
This paper looks at Beatrice Culleton Mosionier's book 'In Search of April Raintree'.
1,735 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks chiefly at the native girl syndrome as it makes its appearance in the text and how the use of this slur by whites complicates the lives of the two protagonist, Cheryl and April Raintree. The writer discusses that part of the horror of the native girl syndrome is that it renders aboriginal women and young girls into little more than intemperate, slovenly and incontinent children who possess a "bad seed" that makes them susceptible to wrong-doing and also highly susceptible to being a drain upon the public purse. The writer maintains that the native girl syndrome, inasmuch as it reduces aboriginal women to lesser moral, intellectual and emotional beings than their white counterparts - also de-legitimates their voices and makes it more probable that they will be compelled to suffer injustice in silence. The paper explores these issues and also looks at how the native girl syndrome came about - it may even still be the case today - a rationale for tearing apart native families.
From the Paper
"Cheryl and April are two young girls who suffer a great deal in Beatrice Culleton Mosionier's, In Search of April Raintree. For one thing, Culleton Mosionier's work describes in painful detail the various ways in which aboriginal peoples coming of age in 1950s and 1960s Canada were infantilized by the dominant culture. For one thing, the intrusion of Child Welfare Services into the inner goings-on of the Raintree family reveals the callous manner in which aboriginal peoples were perceived as "wards" who could do nothing - be nothing - without the mainstream culture imposing itself upon them. The book, at least in the view of one perceptive critic, suggests that the violence of the troubled aboriginal home is equaled by the more subtle violence of Child Services, a dark and dubious entity that tears children from their families or at least did in the 1950s and 1960s and undermines the autonomy and, indeed, the adult personages of aboriginal parents. The book is also painful in the sense that it captures how the "culture of violence" ascribed to the native culture is a designation better ascribed to the dominant culture of the age. To wit, April and Cheryl experience racism and ageism and sexism in the dominant culture and face punishment from that culture at every turn; in fact, there is even a frightening instance wherein April is brutally raped by a gang of men who react explosively when she denies their advances. In this sense, part of the native girl syndrome is to be viewed as an inferior being - emotionally, intellectually, morally - and therefore deserving of such brutal mistreatment."
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Crossword Puzzles, 2008.
This paper examines the nearly 100 year old history and popularity of the crossword puzzle.
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that crossword puzzles can be found in almost every newspaper in almost every country and in magazines and book dedicated solely to these puzzles. The author points out that crossword puzzles have inspired other gridded word games, like acrostic, cryptic and diagram-less puzzles, and board games, such as Scrabble. The paper relates that the predecessors of today's crossword puzzles is the 19th century British acrostic puzzle designed specifically for children, such as "Lewis Carroll's doublet puzzle". The author relates that the first known word square, called the Sator Square, was carved in stone and dates from the first century A.D. in Pompeii. The paper concludes that, although crossword puzzles provide a form of constructive entertainment during leisure hours, some people claim that puzzle solving is a human instinct.
From the Paper
"Puzzles have been around since the beginning of history. "One of the earliest surviving manuscripts of human civilization is, as a matter of fact, a collection of mathematical puzzles", known as the Rhind Papyrus. In the ancient world, the first puzzles were in physical form, or labyrinths. According to Denasi (2002), "the biblical kings Solomon and Hiram were renewed for organizing riddle contests." The word 'puzzle' probably derives from the Middle English word poselet, meaning bewildered or confused. The crossword is the most common variety of word puzzle in the world, yet it is one of the few types of puzzles that do not have an ancient origin."
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