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Totem Poles, 2007.
A discussion on totem poles as a spiritual form of ethnic art.
2,319 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper researches and writes about the building of totem poles as a spiritual, multicultural art form. Specifically, it looks at the recent totem poles carved by Jewell Praying Wolf James from the Lummi Native American Nation. It also discusses the tradition of totem poles and how their use and meaning may have changed in Native-American culture from the late 18th century to present day.
From the Paper
"Despite the long and important tradition of totems and the celebrations relating to them (called potlashes), they have experienced great challenges and setbacks in the past centuries. In Canada, the Indian Act of 1876 made potlatching and other Native customs illegal. Many consider that the Indian Act destroyed tribal life in Canadian Native Americans, and it certainly had an impact of native culture and art; totem poles and other art was destroyed or confiscated, and people violating the laws were imprisoned or fined heavily. In both Canada and the United States, the abuse of Native Americans and their lack of rights under the American and Canadian governments resulted in mass export of their art, if it was not destroyed (Malin 167-68). "
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The Islamic Revolution of 1979, 2006.
A review of the history and impact of the 1979 Islamic revolution in Iran.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed exploration of the Islamic revolution of 1979 in Iran. The paper reviews and examines the events leading up to the revolution, discusses the revolution and analyzes the impact it has had on Iran to date. The paper concludes with a theory regarding the dangers of replacing an unpopular leader.
Outline:
Introduction
Before the Revolution
Then and Now
The Revolution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On January 16, 1979 the Prime Minister demanded that the Shah leave his post of power and step aside for a new regime.
The Shah faced with the growing anger against him and fearing a violent confrontation did as he was told. While it was not an official violent and forcible overthrow of his regime it has been viewed by many as an overthrow as he believed he had no choice but to vacate as ordered or face a violent confrontation.
Once this happened Imam Khomeini was immediately asked to return from years of exile and take the lead of the nation. He was asked to create a Vatican like state. He was also called to help preserve the constitution which was at risk immediately following the revolution. In addition, he was asked to promise free elections to the people so that they would be able to have a voice in who and how their government would be run in the future(Iran's Revolution http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Revolution).
He ignored those requests, even from the very people who assisted in exiling the Shah and returning him to power, and instead chose to institute an interim government of his own that he chose and handpicked. "
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Globalization and Culture, 2007.
This paper examines globalization and the influences cultures have on each other.
2,329 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The paper illustrates how the impact of globalization on individual cultures is most apparent at the personal level of each nation's citizens and is becoming more visible with the globalization of business. The paper describes how cultures impact and are constantly being impacted by globalization. The paper emphasizes the reciprocal effects of one culture on another. The paper illustrates its thesis through case studies, empirical evidence, secondary research and primary research from interviews with people who attempted to assimilate into cultures radically different than their own.
Outline:
Summary
Westernization in India: Call Center Training in Bangalore
Cultural Bias with a Sense of Urgency: Meet Silvio Napoli
Key Findings on Globalization and Culture
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The fact that businesses are now more global than ever is acting as a catalyst to push people together from widely varying cultures in the pursuit of business strategies and initiatives. To claim, however, that the globalization of business is forcing a westernization of the world's less prosperous nations is erroneous; in fact, the opposite is occurring. Workers in these third world nations want the same level of personalized, tailored products and services as they see in the world's wealthiest nations, only tailored to their religious and cultural beliefs, which are quite different from westernized nations."
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Exploding the Myth of Race, 2007.
This paper examines the ideas presented in "The Emperor's New Clothes" by Joseph L. Graves.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the biological anthropologist Joseph L. Graves' suggestion that race is a culturally and socially constructed idea, not a biological fact. The paper identifies how he takes contention with many of the assumptions of the modern scientific community in the fields of medicine and anthropology; he maintains that blood groups or genetic diseases are not exclusive to confined racial groups. Graves makes a persuasive case that human beings must look beyond artificially constructed racial barriers - both laypersons and traditional medical researchers. The paper concludes that culture is a more powerful influence upon individual human health than the genetic and biological legacy that we all, as members of homo sapiens, commonly share.
From the Paper
"Sickle cell anemia, a disease associated with African Americans, is actually a genetic mutation that protects against malaria found primarily in individuals of West African ancestry. The supposed 'Black' race does not manifest the genetic trait of sickle cell across the entire African continent sparing the geographical expanse from Ethiopia to Cape Town. To further confuse racial categories of Blackness, sickle cell anemia is present in European Mediterranean ethnic groups, in a slightly different form, even though these persons might not share such conventional physical markers of race in terms of their physical appearance."
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Globalization and Culture, 2007.
This paper looks at different cultures that are brought together due to globalization.
1,437 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that commerce and business are pushing people from different cultures together much more rapidly on a global scale than has ever been true in the past, and this is just accentuating culture shock. Throughout this assessment, two contrasting examples are provided. The writer first discusses Indian call center employees learning Western dialects and diction to be more accepted. Then the writer examines the story of Silvio Napoli and looks at his many challenges in trying to fit into the Indian approach to doing business. The writer notes these two examples are very topical given the current focus on India. Finally, lessons learned and a short series of observations are provided.
From the Paper
"Taking from example one of the many stories in The World Is Flat, Thomas Friedman notes that call center employees in India are taking voice training and diction courses to deliberately sound more westernized to inbound callers from the U.S., U.K., Canada and other English-speaking nations. Experiences of call center representatives who have gone through this training indicate that higher levels of customer satisfaction are achieved and less derogatory comments made about outsourcing in general occur when callers think they are more westernized. Just one of many examples of the dynamics of the Indian culture being influenced by western values and cultural norms, the ongoing training of Indians to sound more like westerners casts an unflattering light on the entire aspect of globalization. The elimination of regional differences in culture to "fit in" globally also highlights how strong ethnocentric behavior influences others, even half a world away, in a matter of minutes on a telephone call. This reaction to the world shrinking in terms of who each of us interact with every day to get things done personally and professionally is driving changes in behavior no government, organization or company can dictate."
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The Consequences of Popular Culture, 2007.
An analysis of the effects that popular culture, particularly the media, has on influencing people's views.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the effect that popular culture in America has had on attitudes, in terms of concepts of wealth and power. The paper focuses on the visual media, with special attention given to the film and advertising industry. The central point that this paper makes is that the modern media can distort values and the truth through the creation of popular culture.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Influence Of Popular Culture: The Visual Media And Advertising
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The central point that this paper wishes to make is that the modern media can distort values and the "truth" through the creation of popular culture. On the one hand the idea of freedom and material success are relatively positive aspects within the message of democracy in popular culture; but on the other hand it also leads to expectation and unrealistic views of life. This aspect is even more serious when American popular culture is exported to other counties where the images of wealth and power can even be less realistic and can create psychological and social confusion."
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The Historical Importance of Water, 2007.
An examination of early civilizations and their dependence on water sources.
1,348 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
The paper examines water's importance in the history of the world, which can be clearly seen in early civilizations and their dependence upon the availability and location of water. The paper explores how early societies structured their city life, agricultural practices, sanitary systems, and even politics around their sources and uses of water. The paper further examines how the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, Hebrews, and the Phoenicians are all examples of "hydraulic" civilizations to varying degrees. The paper concludes that the importance of water can be clearly seen through the locations and achievements of early civilizations.
From the Paper
"An interesting difference between the hydraulic civilizations of India and the hydraulic civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia is the absence of powerful kings and rulers. Whereas the kings and pharaohs of the other societies oversaw the creation of the hydraulic system and forced labor into the construction and maintenance of it, "it is very difficult to square this hypothesis with what is known about the Indus civilization. There is no evidence of kings, slaves, or forced mobilization of labor" (crystalinks)."
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Islam and the Slave Trade, 2007.
This paper discusses the role of Islam in the African slave trade.
2,830 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the topic of slavery in the Islamic world with the intention of showing that, contrary to some popular myths, the slave trade was not a European invention but that there was already a well established industry in this regard prior to European colonization. In this article, the writer relates the contention made in many articles and studies, that the fact of slavery in the Islamic world has not received the same moral criticism and censure as the better known slavery in the European world. Furthermore, the writer notes that scholars also state that not only did Muslim slavery predate European slavery in Africa, but it has also been more resistant to abolition than European slavery; and in some instances the claim is made that the Islamic slave trade provided the model and motivation for slavery for other cultures and nations.
Outline:
Introduction
Evidence of the Pre-Colonial Islamic Slave Trade
The Characteristics of Slavery in Islam
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"The fact of Islamic slavery is further substantiated by the attitude towards slavery from the tenets of the Islamic faith. In Islam and the Koran there is a general acceptance of slavery as part of social life. However this fact should come as no surprise, as slavery is one of human societies most endemic and ancient institutions; and a defense of slavery can, for example, be found in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible as a basic feature of human civilization. Neither were the Islamic nations the first to enslave Africans. Before them the Egyptians enslaved Africans on a large and systematic scale."
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Making Americans Out of Immigrants, 2005.
A discussion regarding how to absorb immigrants successfully into American society and to educate American values.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the founders of the US Constitution believed that education was the way to instill democratic principles in young citizens who would grow up to "sustain the US experiment in liberty". The paper further discusses how immigrants had a special need because they were bringing with them their exposure to a feudal system in Europe. Thus, this paper reports how civic education of US citizens was seen as primary to making democracy work and the responsibility fell upon the public school system.
From the Paper
"There were those people who didn't believe that any amount of education could make Blacks, Asians, Catholics, Eastern Orthodox Christians, or Jews "real Americans." Real Americans were White Protestants. Although the Ku Klux Klan was an extremist hate group, its attitudes were fairly widespread, attitudes that led to laws in the mid-1920s that ended mass immigration to the United States for over 40 years. The immigrants had already made a big demographic impact on America, however. In 1900 60% of Americans were of British descent, but by 1920 that number was down to 40%. Although groups like the KKK and other advocates of ethnic nationalism challenged civic nationalism, clearly civic nationalism "dominated American life and education for the first third of the twentieth century" (Mirel, 2002a, p. 146). Most immigrant children attended public school. There they learned English, which helped them to succeed later in life. They also learned American ideals and values like freedom, democracy, and equality."
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American Immigrant Economy, 2007.
This paper examines immigrant life and economy in early 20th century America.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses that in general immigrant life, in the early 20th century was one of challenges and hard living. The writer notes that the ideal of the accepting bosom of the wayward masses was propagated further in America during this period, possibly to help the immigrant come to terms personally with a choice to immigrate, which at many times probably seemed dubious to the new American as he or she and her family struggled to stay together, stay clean, earn wages and even eat. The writer points out that different nationalities, at different times in the immigration history of the US, had differing experiences of what it meant to be new to America but it was in general marked by economic stress, that demanded everyone including women and children work for wage labor and unpaid labor to keep the family clothed and fed. Finally, the writer concludes that most immigrant groups settled in areas where others of their national origin had already eked out a pseudo-homeland existence, to try to build even a sliver of the dream of America.
From the Paper
"At the turn of the 20th century the mental picture of the Immigrant settling in America was one of a rugged hard working and largely hard living family. According to many posthumous accounts, depending upon where the family settled, living conditions were sparse and often painfully overcrowded by any standard. Additionally, the early 20th century marked the beginning of the moves to restrict the work of children, a change that would be difficult to stomach, economically, for many immigrant families but one that was also considered socially progressive, along with old age pension plans and unemployment insurance. The economics of the immigrant family in the early 20th century were often precarious and challenged as the work was hard, the hours were long and the pay was usually barely adequate to maintain a family."
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Micro-cultures, 2007.
An analysis of personal experience and general information on micro-cultures.
2,291 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper is divided into two parts. The first part of this paper discusses a micro-culture of which the writer is not a part. It discusses the concepts of micro-cultures and provides a better understanding of the various types of micro-cultures that exist. The second section of the paper discusses a micro-culture of which the writer is a part. This section provides real-life examples, explains more about micro-cultures and describes a little bit about the writer.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
A Micro-Culture That Does Not Include Me
Micro-Culture that Does Include Me
Closing Thoughts
From the Paper
" When referring to the micro-culture of Religion, what is being referred to for the purposes of this paper, is a micro-culture that consists of people who share common thoughts, beliefs and perceptions, more specifically, faith in God. However, the faith that defines this micro-culture also creates several other positive attributes that help to define the culture itself, such as respect for one's elders, leaders and government. Pride in one's country, patriotism to be more precise, is a key ingredient. Core values that are exemplified by the Religious micro-culture encompass honesty, integrity, respect, trust, and humility; these core values have helped to shape positive religious movements for hundreds upon hundreds of years and helped to establish America so many years ago (Welty, 1981)."
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Native Languages and Websites, 2007.
An analysis of the effect that culture and native languages have on marketing and product perception.
3,928 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This work discusses the international availability of the World Wide Web and the lack of research into the effect of one's culture on the perception of products. The paper serves as a qualitative and quantitative demonstration of the influence one's native language and culture have upon their perception of products offered by a website and if those differences can be used to predict consumer behavior.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Literature Review
Hypothesis
Variable Measures:
Perceived Product Quality
Language preference
Cultural Identification
Data Collection
Procedure
Statistical Analysis
From the Paper
"A match between the visitor's native language and the language used on the web site is an independent variable. A match between the visitor's native culture (region/country) is an additional independent variable. These variables would be categorical variables with two distinct categories: a perfect match occurs when the
language/culture of the web site is the visitor's native language or "no match" when the language/culture used is not the visitor's native language."
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