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?Chile, Pinochet, and the Caravan of Death?, 2004.
A review of Patricia Verdugo's book about the reign of terror in Chile under the leadership of Augusto Pinochet.
1,176 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
Patricia Verdugo's "Chile, Pinochet, and the Caravan of Death" is a complex and chilling portrait of the time of a brutal dictator. Her book is an effective account of the Caravan of Death, a euphemism for the mass execution of 75 political prisoners that marked the beginning of General Augusto Pinochet?s brutal regime in Chile. This review provides a detailed analysis of Verdugo's book. The impact of the book's title and chapter headings are investigated, and the writing style is critiqued. Further, Verdugo's reasons for writing the book and any potential conflicts of interest are investigated. Finally, the scholarship, credibility, and the ultimate success or failure of the book are analyzed.
From the Paper
"Verdugo's book was published while Pinochet was in power, a personally dangerous move for Verdugo, which she refers to as a "matter of honour" (Jamasmie). Clearly, to oppose Pinochet, a man who Verdugo paints as an insecure, cold and calculating killer, was personally dangerous for Verdugo. Given the personal danger inherent and writing Chile, Pinochet, and the Caravan of Death, Verdugo's decision to publish the book at all was courageous. In an interview with Cecilia Jamasmie, Verdugo notes that "the truth needed to be told somehow" (Jamasmie). Her father's disappearance played an important role in her decision to reveal many of the secrets of Pinochet's crimes (Jamasmie)."
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The Emerging Market of South America, 2004.
A look at the on-going process of integration and cooperation between the countries of South America.
1,808 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the on-going attempt at regional and economic development in Latin America. The paper looks at the structure of the organization devoted to this attempt, its membership, its objective, programs and projects implemented to promote these objectives, and some of the problems and obstacles these countries face in their attempt at cooperation and development.
From the Paper
"The first attempt at the regional development of Latin America through the cooperation of the member states was through the Latin American Free Trade Association, set up in 1960. On 12 August 1980, the foreign ministers of the 11 member countries of the Latin American Free Trade Association signed an agreement in Montevideo, Capital of Uruguay. This announced the establishment of the Association for the Latin American Integration. The treaty officially entered into force on 18 March 1981. On the same day, the Latin American Free Trade Association stopped its activities."
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Latin Music Industry, 2004.
A look at the urgent need facing the Latin American music industry to protect it from the threat posed by recent technological advances.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights three types of technological advances that threaten to destroy the music industry. Of special focus is the Latin American music industry, which has been hardest hit by these advances. The paper points out that the need to address these problems, cited as music piracy, the availability of home digital recording equipment, and peer-to-peer file sharing on the Internet is critical, since it threatens the overall existence of that industry. The paper continues by giving specifics of the recording industry decline and by explaining why the Latin American music industry is particularly affected. Finally, the paper devotes some discussion on possible ways to approach the problem.
Specifics of the Recording Industry Decline
Fighting Music Piracy
Global Connections and the Motive Behind the Money
Offsetting the Power of Consumers to Burn Personal CD?s
Shutting Down Peer-to-Peer Networks or Turning Them into Revenue
Channels
From the Paper
"According to Buckley (2000) while U.S. recording industry officials wring their hands over Napster, the worldwide black market for illicitly copied music is growing even faster. Sales of pirated music topped half a billion units last year and cost the music industry $5 billion in lost revenues. As of the turn of the 21st century, one in three CDs sold around the world last year were copies, churned out in pirate?s hidden factories that can press up to 100,000 discs a day, according to the International Federation of Phonographic Industries. In Brazil, Latin America's music piracy leader, ?40 percent of CDs and 99 percent of cassettes sold were illegal copies, a total value of $180 million,? said IFPI. ?In Mexico, the 1999 pirate music market was worth $70 million, or 40 percent of all music sold, the agency reported.? (Buckley, 2000)"
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Central American History, 2004.
A look at the political and economic development of Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica.
2,144 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the historical, economic, social, and political forces that contributed to the governments that exist in Central America today. The paper discusses the influence of the colonial period, the influence of agrarian aspects of the Central American economies, the influence of liberal and social reform movements, and the influence of U.S economic policies on the political independence and development of the countries of Central America.
From the Paper
"The five different countries of Central America; Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica, have a history of different political regimes based on similar political ideology. All of these nations share a colonial heritage but have separate paths toward independence. They share a basic foundation of liberal political beliefs that have developed in very divergent ways. Guatemala and El Salvador established a military-authoritarianism through radical liberalism, Costa Rica a progressive democracy through reformist liberalism and traditional-authoritarianism was the structure of choice in Honduras and Nicaragua after liberalism was tried and failed (Mahoney 221)."
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The Latin American Recording Industry, 2004.
A research paper examining the effect of the Latin American music industry on national culture.
3,100 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
The Latin American recording industry has always been a unique industry that blends economics, entertainment, and culture. The majority of its entertainers depict the variety of ethnicity that is part of Latin American culture. This paper investigates the Latin American recording industry, the genres of music and hybrid styles, and the role label companies play in producing and managing the artists. It also looks at how music interacts culturally, politically, and economically, affecting social identity Research in this paper shows that there is a complex relationship between the industry itself and the development of pan-Latin identities, as well as a more intricate relationship between economics and culture. In addition, the research demonstrates that the Latin American recording industry is a powerful medium for creating images among consumers, which impacts the desire to be like their idol. Finally, this paper summarizes the potential changes created by a new business model for the Latin American recording industry.
From the Paper
"Aside from the confusion between Latin American and Latino music, the U.S. Latino market is undergoing a crucial transformation, perhaps more in taking stock of reality than in reality itself. It is no secret that U.S.Latino music has largely meant the kind of pop associated with Jennifer Lopez, Marc Anthony, Ricky Martin and the like, or with so-called tropical music (salsa and kindred genres). New York and Miami are the capitals of this kind of pop and tropical, but when the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) ?the music industry's trade organization ? began dividing Latin music sales by genre in 2000, they discovered the overwhelming sales dominance of the Mexican regional market, which is based in California and the Southwest, particularly Texas, and generates 60 percent of the US$640 million market for Latin music sales."
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Central America, 2004.
An overview of the modern history of Central America, starting from the Spanish imperialism of the 16th century.
1,541 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Central America is a distinctive region comprising of five small countries, namely, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica, and how the five countries have encountered more than their fair share of political chaos and turmoil, beginning from the times of colonial occupation. It looks at the development of the region from being one of the economically depressed and socially backwards sections of the world when the Spaniards entered the region, through their independence from the Spaniards in 1821, to the liberalism and dictatorships of the 20th century.
From the Paper
"The enlightenment that came through Spaniards ironically marked the end of Spanish rule when in 1821 Central America declared its independence, surprisingly without a shred of violence. The people who had gained some cultural advancement and political awareness refused to remain under Spanish control after Mexico announced its independence. The very next year, Central America decided to join Mexican empire but this fusion was short lived as the five countries detached themselves from Mexico in mid-1823. From fifteen years after that till 1838, these five countries shared one political identity and the federation was known as Provinces of Central America. The union which had been enthusiastically created was however not as beneficial to all countries as had been originally perceived."
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Venezuela and the United States, 2004.
Explores the environmental, geographical, and societal similarities between the United States and Venezuela.
908 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the geography, natural resources, history, cultural aspects, environmental issues, economy, and politics of the United States and Venezuela.
From the Paper
"Venezuela sits on the northern part of eastern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea. Its area, about 912,000 sq km, makes it about twice the size of California (CIA, 2004a). Within that area. Venezuela has mountains (the Andes), lowlands, plains, and highlands, with its highest point the mountain Pico Bolivar, about 5,000 meters high. Its climate is almost entirely tropical although the highlands have more moderate temperatures. The country?s natural resources include petroleum and natural gas, iron ore, gold, bauxite, other minerals, and diamonds (CIA, 2004a). Venezuela has some hydro-electric power."
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Colombia and the United States, 2004.
This paper discusses the geographic, socioeconomic, and cultural differences between Colombia and the United States.
1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that United States and Colombia share a hemisphere, a legacy of European colonization, rough equivalents in terms of life expectancy and literacy, and both appear to be waging two wars at the same time; however, the comparison largely ends there. The author points out that Colombia is treading a very thin line as it seeks to balance the need to continue to pursue its aggressive economic reforms while prosecuting untenable wars against the drug traffickers and insurgents who continue to represent a major threat to the political stability of the nation. The paper stresses that, if stabilized, Colombia could become one of the leading industrialized nations of the world, based on its hard-working and highly literate population.
Table of Content
Introduction
Review and Analysis
Table 1. Comparison of Colombia and United States
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Today, Colombia still strongly reflects its legacy as a colony of Spain, and is frequently referred to as the most Roman Catholic of the South American countries; the majority of the Colombian people are proud of the relative purity of their Spanish language. The country?s population is heavily mestizo, a term which describes those of European and Indian descent; there are also significant minorities of European and African ancestry. The country?s economy is traditionally agricultural based, especially its world-famous coffee as well as fruit production; however, industries and services are assuming increasing importance. Colombia has the most population of any of the Spanish-speaking nations in South America; more than one-third of its inhabitants live in the six biggest metropolitan areas, of which Bogot? is the largest. Despite the advantages of climate and an abundance of natural resources, Colombia?s political instability has been historically linked with the inequitable distribution of wealth, and the illicit trade in drugs (primarily cocaine) continues to represent a major challenges to the stability of life in Colombian life."
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The Mexican Muralist Movement, 2004.
This paper discusses the Mexican Muralist Movement, which followed the Mexican constitution of 1917.
3,310 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, by the early 1920s, Mexican Secretary of Education Vasconcelos ensured the creation of an artistic renaissance in which Mexican artists reinterpreted Mexican history in accord with revolutionary principles, locating major works of arts on the walls of public buildings and, thus, making them accessible to the most humble and unlettered of Mexicans. The author points out that Mexico became a destination of choice for Americans and Europeans with a wide variety of leftist views, ranging from liberalism to communism. The paper explores the work of Diego Rivera, unmistakably a major light in the Mexican Muralist Movement, and his wife Frida Kahlo, who was not a muralist, but who retained some of the essential characteristics that defined the Mexican Muralist Movement.
Table of Contents
Background
Spiritual Revolution
Cross-Pollination via Admiration
A Different Sort of Revolution, a Different Sort of Art
Foundations of the New Art
Diego Rivera
Frida Kahlo
From the Paper
"Others besides Delpar regard this as ?the most fascinating phase of the whole revolutionary movement?.the attempt to readjust the spiritual and cultural background of an entire nation in accordance with the revolutionary changes that the machine age had produced.? Vasconcelos expanded cultural activities widely, including archaeology, ancient history of Mexico, religion, literature, music and the visual arts. Until then, none had ever been developed as integrated parts of the nation?s cultural heritage. The most vital and strongest to emerge, and one that has been uniquely identified with Mexico, is mural painting."
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Toussaint L'Ouverture, 2004.
This paper discusses the history of Toussaint L'Ouverture, hero of
Haiti.
1,240 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Toussaint L'Ouverture, despite a lack of formal education and training, drove French Emperor Napoleon out of Haiti and led his country to independence. The author points out that L?Ouverture?s grandfather was reported to have been an African king of the Arradas tribe who occupied a western part of the continent; in a plundering expedition undertaken by a neighboring tribe, a son of this king named Gaou-Guinou, who was to become L?Ouverture's father, was made captive and sold to slave dealers in Haiti. The paper relates that L?Ouverture lived in slavery for 50 years before making his mark on the country; however, during that time, witnessing too much of the bondage of his people, he developed leadership traits that made him stand out from others.
From the Paper
"Such smaller attacks led into the Haitian Revolution. They also set precedence for the martial tradition of blacks. Yet, despite their desire for freedom, the maroons could not develop a larger insurrection against the white colonists. This changed with the rise of Toussaint L'Ouverture. As Beard notes, ?In the midst of these conflicting passions and threatening disorders, there was a character quietly forming, which was to do more than all others, first to gain the mastery of them, and then to conduct them to issues of a favorable nature.? "
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Intercultural Communication, 2004.
Discusses ways to bridge the cultural gaps that exist in American society.
7,800 words (approx. 31.2 pages), 36 sources, APA, $ 169.95
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Abstract
Over the coming decade, the population demographics throughout the United States are going to continue to change. It will not be long before parts of the country, such as Southern California, have more Latino-Americans than Anglo-Americans. This trend will have a definite impact on all aspects of American life. Presently, Anglo-Americans have very little knowledge about the Latino culture in the States or in other countries. This paper shows that it is imperative that this lack of understanding be diminished for reasons that will benefit the Latino community as well as the American society as a whole. The paper provides a background on the changing demographics, the relatively new social sciences of intercultural and multicultural organizational communications, and examples of ways that this knowledge is being used to create the desired result of a more peaceful society. It is understood that much more research must be conducted and new multicultural communication methods be tried. This necessitates that all Americans, regardless of their nationalities, recognize that the successful future of the country depends on joining forces rather than being in separate cultural camps.
Paper Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Current Research
Bibliography
From the Paper
"He also notes that cultures have different context, or the amount of information a person can comfortably manage. This can vary from a high context culture where background information is implicit to a low context culture where much of the background information must be made explicit in an interaction. People from high context cultures frequently send more information implicitly and have a wider network. They thus tend to be knowledgeable on numerous subjects. People from low context cultures normally verbalize much more background information and tend not to be well informed on subjects beyond their own interests. American culture is considered to be on the low-context side. A great deal of information provides cues on how to proceed and respond. Latin-Americans tend to be in a middle range."
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Mexicans in America, 2004.
A discussion of racial discrimination towards Mexicans living in America.
1,950 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a general overview of racial discrimination in American history, including racism against blacks, Jews, and Indians. The paper then looks at the contribution of Mexicans to American history and society and how they fit into society. The writer then discusses the current state of Mexican life in America, including education, culture, and general acceptance.
From the Paper
"In the past, immigrants to the United States almost always started out on the bottom of the job ladder, often needing two or three generations to move into society's mainstream. However, although increased competition and globalization has pushed wages somewhat higher for second and third generation Mexican-Americans, they have not advanced into better jobs. (Althaus). This is due in large part because of inferior education. In fact, despite gains made in recent decades, Mexicans remain the most poorly educated ethnic group in America. Almost half of Mexican-American students do not finish high school and less than 10 percent earn college degrees."
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