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The Argentine Republic, 2004.
This paper is an economic analysis and projection for the Argentine Republic.
2,290 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Argentina enjoys a wide range of natural resources, a highly literacy rate, an export-oriented agricultural sector, and a diversified industrial base; on the other hand, the country has suffered recurring economic problems of inflation, external debt, capital flight, and budget deficits over the past 10 years. The author points out that, unlike the rest of the continent to the north,which lies within the tropics, Argentina lies almost completely within the temperate zone of the Southern Hemisphere. As a result, the country enjoys excellent weather. The paper concludes that, notwithstanding the Argentine government?s history of poor economic management practices, it appears things are looking up; investors at home and abroad may look at Argentina in the future if the government can just avoid the same types of mistakes it has consistently made in the past.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Analysis
People/Population
Climate and Geography
Historical Development
Major Development
Social Indicators
Economic Indicators
Recent Economic Performance
Economic Crisis
Economic Ties with the Rest of Latin America
Recovery Strategy Needed
Future of Argentina
Conclusion
The World Bank Group Competitiveness Indicators
From the Paper
"The government efforts to achieve a "zero deficit," to stabilize the banking system, and to restore economic growth proved too little too late and the peso's peg to the dollar was abandoned in January 2002; the peso was floated in February 2002 and the exchange rate plummeted and inflation skyrocketed. By mid-2002, though, the economy had stabilized but at a lower level than previously. A strong demand for the peso caused the Central Bank to intervene in foreign exchange markets to constrain its appreciation in early 2003. Further fueled by precedent-setting export levels, the country?s economy began to recover with output up 5.5% in 2003, unemployment falling, and inflation sliced to 4.2% by year-end 2003."
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North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), 2004.
This paper discusses NAFTA, which established a free-trade zone in North America and was signed in 1992 by Canada, Mexico, and the United States. It took effect on Jan. 1, 1994.
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that NAFTA immediately removed tariffs on the majority of goods produced by the participating nations and set forth a plan for the gradual elimination, over a period of 15 years, of most remaining barriers to cross-border investment and to the movement of goods and services among the three countries. The author points out that, unlike the United States, Mexico's border communities have benefited from NAFTA, growing almost 10 times as fast as states in Mexico's south, while absorbing the lion's share of foreign investments. The paper concludes that calling NAFTA a ?trade? agreement is misleading; NAFTA is actually an investment agreement because its core provisions grant foreign investors a solid set of new rights and privileges that promote relocation abroad of factories and jobs and the privatization and deregulation of essential services, including water, energy, and health care.
From the Paper
"In 2000, California?s exports to Mexico totaled $14.4 billion, an increase of nearly 18 percent over the previous year, and Texas' shipments grew 5.5 percent to a total of $24.6 billion, according to Commerce Department figures (Lewis, 2004). Meanwhile, the United States continues to lure Mexican workers, many of whom came from rural communities when Mexico opened its markets to subsidized U.S. agricultural goods."
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Racial Bias in the Media, 2004.
Examines the portrayal of minority groups in the media.
1,107 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
Many experts believe that minority groups are often portrayed in a negative light or not portrayed in the media at all. This paper explores the topic of racial bias in the media as it pertains to the portrayal of minorities in the news and in television programs. The paper examines the great strides that have been made to create positive images of various ethnic groups.
From the Paper
"An article published in the Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media asserts that the negative portrayal of minorities often means that they are viewed as being guilty until they are proven innocent. The article discusses the findings of a study that examined the extent to which pretrial media coverage biased jurors against defendants. The study found that there was a disproportionate amount of news coverage that occurred when the defendant in a crime was Black or Hispanic, than if the defendant was white."
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Women in South America, 2004.
A discussion of the status of women in the countries of South America.
1,743 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at various issues regarding women and their rights in South America. The issues discussed include abortion, job status, presence in the media, legal and ownership rights, and education. The writer looks at the major issues faced by women in Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Guatemala, and other countries as well. The paper also looks at the history of the feminist movement in the region.
From the Paper
"Feminism has played a large role in helping to secure a number of women's rights in South America. Women's movements have been active in Brazil in the past decades. The movements grew in the 1980s as Conselho Nacional de Direitos da Mulher--CNDM, a council on women's rights, was created. The early Brazilian feminist movement had links to the resistance to the military regime, and connections to human rights organizations. As the movements grew, violence against women (in the forms of sexual harassment, sexual abuse, and domestic violence) became an important focus of feminist groups."
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Puerto Rican Music, 2004.
Examines the early years (1920-1930) of Puerto Rican music in the United States.
986 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the origins of Puerto Rican music during the 1920s and 1930s. Puerto Rican music has its roots in many different types of Latino music, from the Tango to the jazz, blues and ragtime from New Orleans, Mexican, Caribbean, and Cuban rhythms, and it, in turn, helped influence many of these musical types, too. The paper shows that the early years of Puerto Rican music in the United States created a lasting Latino beat that still weaves its rhythms today around the world.
From the Paper
"By the 1930s, Latin music had become so popular it was replacing other types of music in East Harlem and El Barrio in New York City, and Puerto Rican dance clubs were springing up where Jewish theaters had captured audiences just a few years before. Because Puerto Ricans were migrating to New York in record numbers at the turn of the 20th century, they needed creative and artistic avenues, and hungered for familiar music during their leisure time. As Latin music grew more popular, so did the number of Puerto Ricans entering New York, and the two seemed to merge and blend into their own form of entertainment. Little by little, the Puerto Ricans came to dominate the New York music scene, overshadowing even the popular Cuban music that had become so popular with Latinos and Americans alike."
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Environmental Changes in Post-Columbus America, 2004.
This paper discusses the interaction between peoples of the Eastern and Western hemispheres when Columbus discovered the New World and the bi-directional effect on each set of cultures and environmental conditions.
850 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Spaniards introduced the technical use of the wheel, domestic animals, including the horse, and many new plants, such as grains, fruits, vegetables, and weeds to the New World; in return, the Americas offered Europe many new foods like potatoes, tomatoes, peanuts, almost all beans, and tobacco. The author pointed out that the Spaniards intermarried with the Indian aristocracy, which had a genetic influence on the population of the Americas. The paper relates that the cultivation of rice and bananas, both introduced, led to marked deforestation, which has had a large-scale impact on the environment.
From the Paper
"The isolation of western populations prior to Columbus? arrival made the people of the Americas vulnerable to European diseases and oppressive cultural influences, like Christianity and slavery. The initial interest the Spaniards had in the New World was to spread Christianity and loot the resources. Shipping to and from Europe was expensive and so it was necessary to locate resources worth the travel. Thus, one of the most valuable assets proved to be the Indians themselves, and so started the Atlantic slave trade."
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Pragmatism vs. Shock Therapy, 2002.
The difference between the economic policies of Chile and Argentina from 1980 to 1990.
2,176 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the major differences between the economic outlook of the regimes of both Chile and Argentina during a ten-year period. Both countries were similar in that they were emerging from limited marketplaces, but had great ambitions of mirroring the free markets like those of the United States, Britain, and Japan. The writer argues that the Chilean approach was more successful in this endeavor because its approach was based on slow transformation, or pragmatism, as opposed to the Argentinean approach, which emphasized ?shock therapy.?
From the Paper
"The 1980s were most significantly marked by the rulership of General Augusto Pinochet (Collier and Sater 359). After taking power during the country?s political breakdown of 1973, Pinochet asserted himself as the military dictator of the country (Collier and Sater 359). He closed the democratically elected Congress, and eliminated opposing political parties, especially targeting the far leftist ones. The military dictatorship of Pinochet was very ignorant in terms of economics and market regulation. When he consolidated power, Pinochet?s country was already in great economic turmoil (Collier and Sater 364). He looked to capitalist minded thinkers in the country for help. Sergio de Castro, the dean of social sciences at the Catholic University in Santiago, was placed in charge of economic policy. He, in turn, recruited other ?neo-liberal? economic thinkers for his cabinet. They became known as the ?Chicago Boys,? and soon started making plans for stimulating the markets and stabilizing the dislocated Chilean economy."
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Ecuador and Dollarization, 2002.
Examines the effect of dollarization on Ecuador's economic stability.
1,982 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
Over the past several years, the country of Ecuador has had its economic problems burgeon into a crisis. This has resulted in the devaluation of its currency, the closing of many schools, a crisis in confidence by both Ecuadorans and people in many other countries, and substantial political upheaval as the government has repeatedly changed hands. The paper shows that the causes for the country?s economic failure are complex and interlinked. It examines one of the most important causes, the country?s exchange rate, as well as the relationship between the country?s economic situation and the dollarization of the economy.
From the Paper
"In devaluing the currency, the government acknowledged that the International Monetary Fund did not entirely approve. The power that the IMF has over many developing nations is substantial and will be examined below. Ecuadoran leaders have struggled for years to remedy the financial problems of their country, but have been unable to make substantial progress in large measure because of the nation?s dependent position in the world trade system."
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Minority Representation in City Government, 2004.
Looks at at-large elections and other factors that could help boost minority representation in city government.
890 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper describes and discusses the impact that at-large elections have on minority representation in city government. The paper explains that, contrary to the author's initial assumption, at-large elections have a negative, rather than a positive, impact on minority representation. A proposal is then provided that would help increase the number of minorities elected to city offices.
From the Paper
"I think a number of methods can be used to increase the number of minorities elected to city offices. Voter registration drives that are convenient to the citizenry should be helpful. Mentoring of possible hopefuls within individual political parties should also be helpful. The news media and influential citizens should pressure the powers at be to appoint minorities when vacancies unexpectedly arise and an interim seat needs to be filled. Cumulative voting is also a possible solution. I?ve like to see cumulative voting where up to 3 votes can be cast for 1, 2, or 3 candidates. It has given people the flexibility to boost a favorite candidate they feel passionate about with three votes instead of one."
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Life and Works of Sor Juana Indes de la Cruz, 2004.
Explores the life of the inspiring feminist nun and writer, Sor Juana Indes de la Cruz, from the Baroque era.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper offers a brief biographical account of the life of Mexican nun, feminist, teacher, writer, and philosopher, Sor Juana Indes de la Cruz. Her early education, her time spent in the convent, her writings, and feminist philosophy are all touched upon in this paper. The paper also briefly highlights the causes she defended and the reason for her downfall in Mexican society.
From the Paper
"Sor Juana Indes de la Cruz was variously known as a Mexican nun, feminist, teacher, prodigy, writer, philosopher, and an intellectual (Oregon no date). She lived in the Baroque era. Multiple accounts state that she was baptized December 2, 1648 and registered on the church rolls as a ?daughter of the Church? due to her illegitimate birth (Dartmouth 2003)(Oregon no date). At 3, she learned how to read by persuading her sister's teacher to let her to attend the local primary school (Alonzo 1997). (She said her mother sent her.) (Alonzo 1997). Even at such an early age, she had a insatiable desire for knowledge and education."
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Brazil?s Foreign Policy, 2004.
An analysis of the economic and diplomatic relationship between Brazil and the United States.
702 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the economic and strategic opportunities presented by Brazil to the United States. The first part of the paper looks at the historical relations between the two countries. The next part then studies the evolving nature of these relationships, as Brazil transitions to a more democratic government that seeks greater participation on the international stage.
From the Paper
"One of the results of this increased push for Latin American cooperation was the Mercosur, a trading bloc that was established in 1991. Among the results of this trade was the "strategic restructuring" of the country relations between Brazil and Argentina, a relationship that has been characterized by antagonism. By the 1990s, Mercosur included Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia and Chile. The treaty called for an open regionalism, paving the way for more connected economies (Lafer 218)."
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Salvador, Bahia, 2004.
An overview of the coastal city Salvador in Brazil.
2,014 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines several different aspects of the city of Salvador. It begins by reviewing its history and then discusses the culture of the people and the place. It looks at the tourism industry in Salvador today and examines the issue of urban development at the expense of tourist sites.
From the Paper
"Salvador is the capital city of the state of Bahia. It was the first major port and the capital of colonial Brazil for nearly two centuries. Salvador was formerly known as the city of Bahia, and appears under that name (or as Salvador Bahia) on many maps and books published before the mid 20th century. Salvador?s full name is Sao Salvador da Baia de Todos os Santos, which means "Holy Savior Bay of All Saints"."
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