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Outsourcing in an International Firm, 2007.
This paper discusses the practice of outsourcing from the perspective of a multi-national firm, focusing on General Motors.
926 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing in international business, concentrating on General Motors. The writer maintains that the most often-mentioned advantage is the ability to significantly drive down wage and production costs, yet there are also process costs that can also be significantly reduced. The writer points out that a major disadvantage of outsourcing is the culture clash that happens between manufacturers and those doing the outsourcing, with one or the other rejecting each other's culture. The writer concludes that General Motors had no choice but to embark on private industries' largest ever outsourcing initiative, as their market share in core markets is dwindling quickly as the onslaught of the more fuel-efficient and affordable sport utility vehicles are penetrating their core markets.
Outline:
Introduction
Advantages of Outsourcing
Disadvantages of Outsourcing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A second major reason General Motors wanted to outsource IT was to accomplish higher levels of customer service performance globally from this specific organization. The dual benefits of greater responsiveness and cost reductions in addition to stabilizing what for many companies is a high turn-over operation with attrition of 60% or more makes outsourcing service and support an imperative. The fact that outsourcing companies also keep trainers on staff in the event new employees need to be trained due to attrition also appeals to many manufacturing and services companies including GM."
"A third major reason that manufacturers outsource in general and GM specifically was to obtain needed IT expert-level skills more economically in global locations other than the U.S. This is especially true in the context of the Sarbanes-Oxley compliance efforts GM plans to pursue in the context of their global outsourcing effort. This also is the case with lean manufacturing concepts for industrial manufacturers who are interested in getting significantly lower per unit production costs, and realizing economies of scale in procuring parts and components in India and China where costs for these key components are significantly lower than in the US."
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Workplace Safety, 2005.
A discussion regarding the necessity of safety in the workplace.
2,083 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how it is vitally important that the workplace incorporate a safety program to ensure the well being of its employees, and indeed of all citizens living or moving within the premises of any specific workplace. The paper further discusses several issues of humanity that should be taken into account when formulating a workplace safety program.
Outline:
The Importance of a Well-Written Safety Program
Steps to Establish a Safety Program
Creating and Maintaining a Safety Program
The Role of Cultural Diversity in Workplace Safety
The Written Safety Program
Ensuring a Healthy Work Environment: Employee Assistance Programs
Other Issues: Public Safety
From the Paper
"Another important matter is how the variety of cultures integrate with the general corporate culture. Each organization distinguishes itself by means of culture, which is delineated by the values and norms to which the company adheres. These need to be integrated with the safety culture framework, and the implementation of the safety program."
"As part of the corporate culture, group norms have to be clearly delineated. This also should be integrated with the various languages and cultures within the workplace. It is important that each employee be able to function within a group, especially in terms of the safety program. This is another aspect that will ensure the longevity of such a program. This is especially true in cases where a large part of the workforce is not used to functioning as a group, and where the work is of such a nature that individuals within the company perform their duties alone. "
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Sex Discrimination and Career Advancement, 2007.
A review of the literature concerning sex discrimination in career advancement.
3,367 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how there is no stopping the current and continuous trend of professional women's entry into the workplace and up the corporate ladder. It looks at how gender stereotypes continue to exist and conflict with the need of the times to modify these stereotypes. The paper contends that, with half of the total workforce in the hands of women and women achievers, companies must resort to gender desegregation and realize the objectives of the Civil Right Acts of 1964, which have yet to be implemented in earnest. The paper also argues that women, as well as men, who unconsciously perpetuate gender stereotypes themselves at work as well as outside of the workplace, should come to terms with the issue.
Outline:
Introduction
Review of Literature
Findings and Analysis
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"That invisible barrier, called the glass ceiling and which limited female achievers' bid for career advancement, was not their creation (Goodson as qtd in USA Today 2000). Yet women with similar or comparable education and experience or achievement still earn less than men in work organizations. A missing link or the absent ingredient, between performance and a just payoff, was identified as women's own ability to comfortably and consistently draw the attention they deserve to the contributions they made or gave. Findings of a study conducted on 322 male and female executives showed that women were less comfortable in promoting themselves than men. "
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Public Health Reform in the U.S., 2007.
A review of Alice Hamilton's autobiography, "Exploring the Dangerous Trades: The Autobiography of Alice Hamilton, M.D.", and the outcome of her work.
2,822 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the dangerous trades and public health reforms in the United States. The paper examines Alice Hamilton's contribution to improving workplace environments by looking at her autobiography, "Exploring the Dangerous Trades: The Autobiography of Alice Hamilton, M.D." The paper describes the outcome of her work, such as the establishment of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which prevents worker abuse and protects American citizens from harmful work environments.
From the Paper
"A rapidly industrializing American economy was a major factor in the poor worker conditions of nineteenth century America (Henig, 1997). Alice Hamilton and her contemporaries were working with industries that had not previously existed and products that had not previously been made. Zierdt-Warshaw, Winkler, & Bernstein (2000) found that Hamilton investigated the hazards of mining, as well as working with paint, dyes, rayon fabric, explosive materials, and rubber, among other things. These products were relatively new and businessmen were eager to exploit them. Also new to America were the thousands of immigrants who came to America in the nineteenth century. These immigrants often came with limited skills and language. As such, they were often asked to do the jobs that no one else would. Like the products they worked with, immigrants were also exploited by businessmen aiming to make a profit (Sellers, 1997)."
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The Economy of Colombia, 2007.
This paper studies the economy of Colombia and discusses the effects of the economy on everyday life.
1,408 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the north westernmost country in South America, Colombia. The writer notes that Colombia is the second most populated South American country next to Brazil and the majority of the population lives in the mountainous cities around the capital of Bogota. The writer points out that with this intense congregation of people in one area, the economy of Colombia is poor and unstable. This paper attempts to explain why the economy has fluctuated during the last thirty years and gives examples of life in Colombia as a result of an ever-changing economy.
From the Paper
"In 1999, Colombia suffered a recession as a result of low world oil prices, reduced export demand, and increased guerilla violence throughout the country. This caused an increase in unemployment, increased drug usage and sales, and devaluation of the Colombian peso. In 1999 at the time of the recession approximately 17.7% of the Colombia people were living at or below the national poverty line."
"As a result of the 1999 Colombian recession, unemployment quickly rose. There were more people in Colombia than jobs. Many companies closed because they could not afford to pay their employees. In the year 2000, the unemployment rate in Colombia reached 20%. This rate did not stay at 20% for long because of the instability in the Colombian economy, by 2006 the unemployment rate had improved and was at 13% which also decreased poverty and gained confidence among the people in foreign and domestic affairs."
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Female Workers in Canada, 2007.
This paper discusses the book 'Discounted Labour-Women Workers in Canada' by Ruth A. Frager and Carmela K. Patrias.
2,056 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer examines the book "Discounted Labour: Women Workers in Canada", which discusses a very crucial period that took place in industrial capitalism, largely between the years of 1870 and 1939. The writer points out that the book looks at many of the historical issues behind the persistent inequality that women faced within the paid workforce. The writer notes that, also examined by the authors, were the divisions that are seen among various women based on their racial, ethnic, and social class differences and the way those differences are affected by the female gender where they might not be affected in the same way or to the same degree by the male gender. The writer concludes that reform and change must start somewhere, and in this case it started with Canadian who that just wanted equality.
From the Paper
"The book, therefore, looks at many of the historical issues behind the persistent inequality that women faced within the paid workforce. Women were confined to the jobs that paid less and the work that they did was not seen to be nearly as valuable as the work that men did. Many women also found that they lacked union membership, experience in the workforce, and training for many jobs, but some of these women did resist being subordinate. There have always been discrepancies in the earnings and employment patterns of women, regardless of whether one is talking about unskilled labor or about the higher-skilled positions, and for this reason the book looks not only at the salaried positions of women but the lower-skilled and lower-paying jobs as well."
"Also examined by the authors were the divisions that are seen among various women based on their racial, ethnic, and social class differences and the way those differences are affected by the female gender where they might not be affected in the same way or to the same degree by the male gender. The struggle for gender equality in Canada is a historic one, much like the struggle for the same issue within the United States and various other countries."
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Organizational Trust, 2006.
An in-depth discussion regarding trust in a law enforcement workplace.
10,671 words (approx. 42.7 pages), 24 sources, MLA, $ 212.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the area of trust in the organizational aspect, and specifically in a law enforcement organization. The paper looks at how one obtains and maintains trust in a law enforcement organization, as well as trust in some personal aspects. This paper also evaluates the universal definition of trust or the lack there of. Furthermore, the research discusses the different types and levels of trust that exists in everyday relationships and organizational relationships, as well as what the significance of these relationships is. The paper further discusses how the more trust an employee has in the organization, employer and co-workers, the better performance and dedication to work is.
Outline:
Chapter 1: Review of the Literature
Chapter 2: Review of Current Research
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The accumulated findings of the working group's conferences and workshops informed the Foundations recent invitation for research proposals. The Foundation aims to fund focused, empirical investigations of trust in concrete social scenarios - such as doctor-patient relations, or the relationship between elected officials and their constituents - where trust, or the lack of it, has clear, measurable consequences. To qualify for funding, these investigations will have to provide an explicit, theoretical account of the function of trust, together with a plausible strategy for testing the theory empirically. Three full proposals were funded in November 1999, together with four smaller exploratory proposals looking at trust in public bureaucracies, trust in physician-patient relationships, the risks of trust, and the faith people place in third party information when evaluating a potential partner's trustworthiness. ("Examining the Role of Trust in Society," 2000, p. 328)"
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Wal-Mart Loses Legal Suit about Work Breaks, 2007.
This paper discusses how Wal-Mart lost a law suit in Pennsylvania regarding work breaks.
874 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses Wal-Mart's legal loss in a suit in Pennsylvania regarding work breaks and off the clock labor. The writer explores the legal issue and examines the law that applies. Further, the writer presents an analysis of the case. The writer concludes that the weakness of Wal-Mart's case, despite its insistence it will appeal, is further underlined by the fact that it could not deny that some employees were not compensated for their breaks. The writer also notes that Wal-Mart maintains that there should be less of a financial settlement given to the wronged employees than was ultimately awarded.
From the Paper
"For example, according to the federal Fair Labor Standards Act as well as Pennsylvania law, overtime pay should equate to one and a half times an employee's regular rate of pay for all hours worked over forty hours during a regular workweek. However, because many Wal-Mart employees were forced to work more than the regular workweek, but because they were not officially on the clock, their extra labor was disregarded in violation of the Fair Labor Standards Act. It should be noted that a state could have more stringent or additional labor standards regarding the fair treatment of workers, but not less stringent standards than the federal government. The workers sued under Pennsylvania rather than federal law, but regardless of the venue, Wal-Mart's practices regarding overtime were in violation of both federal and state standards regarding overtime."
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Offshore Outsourcing, 2007.
This paper discusses the cause and effect of offshore outsourcing on the American economy.
1,476 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of the American business practice of outsourcing jobs offshore. Specifically, the writer discusses the cause and effect of this practice on the American economy, labor force, customer service, etc. The writer points out that outsourcing a variety of American jobs overseas has become common practice and that the cause of this practice is clear. The writer then explains that American wages are higher than offshore wages, and outsourcing, therefore, saves American companies money. The writer notes that the effects, however, are beginning to be noticed in a wide area, from customer service to job loss. The writer argues that outsourcing overseas may save companies money, but in the end, it places them in a negative light and indicates their lack of interest in protecting and enhancing America and the American economy.
From the Paper
"Outsourcing has really taken off in the last few years. Thousands of American businesses routinely outsource customer service and other jobs to outsourcers in India, China, Russia, and other foreign companies. CBS News reports, "The U.S. government does not keep track of how many American jobs have gone overseas, but there are estimates that in just the last three years, as many as 400,000 jobs have gone to places like China, Russia, and India". In fact, outsourcing is on the rise, and it looks as if that trend will continue. Another expert notes, "The number of service sector jobs moving overseas is expected to reach 588,000 by 2005, up from 100,000 in 2000". This shift of jobs to overseas locations can create several negative affects to the country in a number of areas."
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Social Class and Work, 2007.
An analysis of America's workers and their work lives as portrayed in "Working" by Stud Terkel.
2,309 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Stud Terkel's book, "Working," which discusses the lives of American workers, the work that they do and their work's repercussions in their personal lives. The paper delves into the participation of women in the labor force and it also focuses on the workers' group in general and how they find ways in which to give invaluable meaning to their work by viewing their work as a contribution to their society.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Women in the Labor Force
Producing Something: Workers Making Sense of their Work Lives
Summary: Disenfranchisement of Specific Sectors in American Society
From the Paper
"These passages from workers in America highlights the responses disenfranchised workers have adopted in order to alleviate or escape the state of marginalization they feel within the society. The first response is to "make sense" of their reality as a worker, justifying their worth not through quantitative, but through qualitative means, on how they have produced work that is considered important or valuable to American society. However, a more radical response adopted by most workers today is the path towards self-realization and -acceptance, using reality as their way of alleviating their disenfranchisement. That is, by accepting that they are parts of the whole economic machinery of capitalist America, they are able to perceive their work and themselves (as workers) as parts of a whole, but not necessarily "romanticizing" this notion as equivalent to 'contributing something important to society.'"
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Firefighter Safety, 2007.
An analysis of the events surrounding the death of firefighters in California, with particular emphasis on the tools they used.
2,637 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses some of the issues and questions that have been raised about the safety of firefighters in wild-land fire situations, following the recent tragic deaths of five firefighters in southern California. It discusses some of the tools that firefighters working in wild-land fire environments are trained to use. It also discusses why some of these tools were not used in the California fire and how effective they are when they are used.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Background and Significance of This Paper
Literature Review
Procedures and Results
Discussions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The www.firehouse.com site cites statistics from the National Fire Protection Association; the NFPA gives14,900 as the number of fire department emergency vehicles that were involved in traffic accidents in 2001. The number of injuries suffered by firefighters driving their own vehicles that year was 1,325; and taken together, those two sets of accident numbers add up to 1,100 firefighter injuries that did not involve flames from the fires the firefighters were pursuing. "The statistics are alarming," the NFPA asserts, mentioning the 24 firefighters who were killed in 2001 "while responding to or returning from alarms"; 17 of those died in crashes."
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Gender Stereotyping in the Workplace, 2007.
This paper is a step-by step research proposal to explore gender stereotyping in the workplace.
1,385 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that social psychology knowledge leads to the identification and challenge of gender stereotypes, to the identification of other ways of thinking about stereotypes and to the breaking of stereotypes. The author points out that an experimental design can be drawn to test the hypotheses that there is a difference in gender stereotypes for higher position and lower position employees and that there is the possibility that human resources management employees are more prejudiced by (more affected by) concerns about gender roles. The paper suggests a questionnaire describing an ambiguous workplace situation, which is followed by a series of specific questions to be rated on a five-point Likert scale.
From the Paper
"The study of social psychology can be of a great help to identify the stereotypes and the way they interact with our lives. A great body of research suggests that stereotypes are implicit, unconscious. In the workplace, however, they are more obvious, due to the fact that they appear repeatedly, and generate aversive behaviors as an outcome of unfairness. This is also true in socio-political context. Because stereotypes are implicit, the social psychology research and methods or simply the great amount of information on this subject would be very helpful for at least to gain awareness on the existence of such processes."
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