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Women Working in Trade Unions, 2008.
An analysis of the barriers that women face in becoming active members of trade unions and the steps they have taken to overcome these barriers.
2,016 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 0 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the barriers that women face to becoming active members in trade unions. The paper then describes the strategies and methods women have used to overcome these barriers in order to press for change in the union movement, raise issues of concern to women, and obtain more equal representation. Finally, the paper evaluates to what extent these actions been successfully translated into negotiating collective agreements that reflect issues of concern to women.
From the Paper
"Yet another barrier is that women are all too often excluded from jobs considered "male" - which are almost invariably the better paid jobs. For example, Luxton and Corman (1991) document the extraordinary struggle that women had to wage to get jobs in the steel industry with Stelco (the Steel Company of Canada). In this struggle they were backed by the United Steelworkers of America Local 105, as well as an ad hoc committee. Luxton and Corman (1991) highlight the sheer sexism which conspired to keep women out of these higher-paying jobs. All of this suggests that true pay equity will not be achieved until society itself is fundamentally restructured under feminist principles - and none of us should make the mistake of holding our breath waiting for that."
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Immigration and Canadian Economics, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of immigration in Canada as it relates to the economy.
1,717 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that with the large increase of immigrants arriving in the last part of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first, Canada has seen some economic benefits, but these benefits are far outweighed by the burden of increased immigration. The writer points out that the government, in an attempt to bolster the Canadian economy, has sought to increase immigration, and thus increase their country's economic status. The writer maintains that immigration is beneficial in many ways, for it does offer a fix for some ails, and it also creates a larger workforce. However, the writer concludes that immigration alone cannot answer or strengthen Canada's economy other than in a superficial and short term way.
From the Paper
"This large immigration rate is not a result of chance or of Canada suddenly becoming the new land of opportunity as the United States did in the late 1800's and the early 1900's. It is not because there is a new Lady Liberty placed in Toronto or Vancouver calling for the worlds poor huddled masses. Rather this increase in immigration is due to an intentional government policy change. The government, in an attempt to bolster the Canadian economy, has sought to increase immigration, and thus increase their country's economic status. Canada has long suffered from a shortage of labor and an economy that at times was strong and suffered greatly at others. One way that they addressed the issue was to create programs that would allow the current population to meet the labor shortage. Initially, that seemed to work, but it could not truly answer the labor shortage for several years."
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Sexual Harassment in the Workplace, 2008.
An analysis of the possible solutions to sexual harassment in the Canadian workforce, according to Michael Kaufman's article, "Effective Ways to Protect Against Sexual Harassment."
1,168 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses sexual harassment in the Canadian workplace and possible solutions to the problem. More specifically, the paper discusses an article written by Michael Kaufman in the 27 March 2006 edition of the "Toronto Star," entitled "Effective Ways to Protect Against Sexual Harassment" and examines how Kaufman sets forth a series of practical suggestions in regards to how best to address the problem of sexual harassment in the workplace. The paper also discusses the legal case, "Curling v. Torimiro" and how it relates to this issue.
From the Paper
"The summary notes that in the final decision of the Board, released 22 December 1999, defendant Alexander Torimiro was found to be responsible for conduct qualifying as sexual harassment against the complainant, Ms. Curling. Such conduct was found to be discriminatory on the basis of the complainant's gender, and it was also found that Mr. Torimiro engaged in retaliatory response against the complainant when the initial suggestions were rebuffed. The summary also notes that the Board of Inquiry found that Mr. Torimiro, in his commencement of legal action against the complainant, had in addition violated Ms. Curling's statutory right to claim Code protection without fear of threat of retaliation."
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Workplace Evolution, 2008.
This paper discusses how and why the workplace has evolved regarding gender equality.
2,449 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at changes that have been brought about in the workplace due to the emergence of gender equality. The writer then looks at the first inclusion of women to the workforce and discusses the issue of equal pay and gender inequality. The writer maintains that the gendered stereotypes have fallen one by one as women and men have interacted in the workplace. The writer points out that both women and men have reacted to their situation as their skills and abilities have required, rather than through the prism of some supposed stereotypical response that is driven by gender. The writer concludes, however, that certain stereotypes, based as they are on some form of fact, may prove more difficult to accommodate in the culture until new technologies and alternate arrangements that negate the effects of these differences are implemented.
Outline:
Background Information
Change
Operational Definition: Corporate America
Operational Definition:Traditional Organizational Cultures
Theories
Glass Ceiling
Gendered Stereotypes
From the Paper
"In Roe v Wade the woman's right to make decisions about her own body through abortion was considered. The justices of the Supreme Court concluded that women were given individual rights as citizens of the United States through the Bill of Rights and the United States Constitution. According to the justices, those individual rights included the ability of women to determine what would or would not happen to their own bodies through pregnancy or any other occurrence. Women across the country took this decision as a landmark decision that supported the control women had over their own lives and their quest to implement that control in all areas of existence."
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Slavery in the 21st Century, 2008.
A look at the existence of slavery in the 21st century in its traditional form of absolute subservience by a slave to a master and in an oppressive economic form characterized by virtual, if not actual, slavery.
1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper reports that human rights groups have documented the existence of traditional slavery in Sudan, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan and of coercive labor systems in several Middle East countries, which are so exploitative that they have been condemned as virtual economic slavery. The author points out that, although the Arabian Peninsula in 1964 became the world's last region to officially abolish slavery, forty years later Saudi Arabia still has more than two-hundred and fifty-thousand slaves. The paper relates that Islamic doctrine provides religious justification for slavery and enables slave traffickers to flout laws prohibiting it. The paper also asserts that, although slavery does not exists in the United States, millions of migrant workers are subjected to coercive conditions and abusive treatment that are little better than slavery.
From the Paper
"Consequently, in objective terms, a human being who is not free to leave and has no influence on the conditions or length of their economic servitude is a virtual slave. They may have civil rights, but if they are rendered powerless to defend those rights, they are enslaved in a coercive system they cannot defy. They do not have to be bought and sold to be considered a slave, for when they are rendered no effective legal protection by any civil or religious authorities, they are a slave in everything but name."
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Wal-Mart's Human Resources, 2008.
An argument that the workers at Wal-Mart are exploited by an inhumane business model.
1,794 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a comprehensive SWOT analysis of the human resource management (HRM) within the Wal-Mart company to provide evidence that HRM within Wal-Mart is inefficient and exploitative. The paper argues that it is this exploitation, as opposed to sound business management, that has led to the company's high profit margins.
Outline:
Introduction
SWOT Analysis
Wal-Mart's Organizational Structure
The Nature of Human Resource Management at Wal-Mart
From the Paper
"Wal-Mart is the biggest retailer in the world. Net sales in the fiscal year 2006 were valued at over $312 billion dollars. Net income is over $11 billion, which is five (5) times larger than the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) than 80% of the world's countries, including Israel, Ireland, and Sweden. Wal-Mart is the richest company in the world and by 2007 will likely control 35% of all food and drug sales in the United States (Dicker 34). However, we have to wonder at what cost all of this is possible, I argue that the cost is the workers at Wal-Mart who are exploited by a business model that is inhumane and not economically just."
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Gender Segregation in the Canadian Workplace, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of labor segregation in Canada in the 20th century, looking at various related articles.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer refers to papers that help to explain gender segregation in the Canadian workplace in the 20th century and subsequent developments including the Canadian Labor Movement's gradual attention to women and developments seeing women more often in unionized environments that lessened gender divisions. The writer notes that all of the articles are helpful to an understanding of topics broader than matters of labor and women for they allow glimpses of a Canadian society and culture quite transformed. The writer maintains that each paper should probably be read with consideration of all that the Canadian state did not provide to generic citizens or workers, imagining the orientations of workers, and employers, to what was acceptable or desirable, and possible, in a post-colonial economy of much alteration between the turn of the 20th century and the turn of the 21st century.
Outline:
Introduction
Graham S. Low on Clerical Work, 1901-1931
Craig Heron, Changes to 1945 and Beyond
Into the Present - a Reflection
From the Paper
"Women were associated with family roles, first and foremost and as was true for another generation, those able to pursue professions usually did not marry. The under-reported women doctors graduated by several Ontario universities after the 1880s, for instance, chose their vocations ahead of family life, a convention then respected. Low's clerical workers of the business sector did not expect or particularly want advancement, but learnable jobs providing income and some security so as to maintain their household roles, too."
"By the end of World War I, women attended business colleges where they learned stenography. Low's article is of a kind focused on women's labour in relation to capitalism, of course, so unless a reader is curious, there can be no wider awareness of women who were performing differently in the public sphere, not the least of which were more than 4,000 Canadian military nurses serving on the Western Front and in the Middle East through the course of World War II. Of course, Low's point is to indicate how women became expected as office workers of particular kind, low paid and without advancement. Their situations were common but by no means general from 1901 to 1931."
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The Sociology of Aging, 2008.
This paper discusses how an aging America creates economic, labor market, health and demographic trends that have serious long-term implications.
2,083 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the steady aging of the American population (certainly among the native-born) and looks at what this means for the social and economic future of the United States. In particular, the paper looks at the various economic, labor market, health and demographic trends gripping America and at how they are all coming together at a significant point in U.S. history. More than that, the paper argues that the United States faces possible economic contraction, run-away social costs, social fragmentation, and a general decline in vigor and/or productivity unless it finds a way to implement policy changes that will nudge the nation towards a brighter future.
Outline:
Abstract
References
From the Paper
"Other economic trends can be easily associated with an aging population. For one thing, it is axiomatic that older investors tend to be much more interested in investments that offer long-term security and reliable returns. Conversely, younger investors who have many more years in the workforce ahead of them - and who have the time necessary to "rebound" from a bad investment - may be more willing to put their money into high-risk, high-reward ventures. Suffice it to say, part of the vitality of the American economy resides in the willingness of people to "take a chance" and finance a fledgling company that has an uncertain future. As the population grows older, however, the interest in participating in venture capitalism and/or engaging in entrepreneurial activities diminishes in relative terms; as a result, a major component of America's economic success is greatly constrained."
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Raising Payroll for In-House Training, 2008.
This paper looks at a company in Canada and argues the importance of in-house training for the company's future.
1,737 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses a unionized company that involves a range of blue, pink and white collar workers. The writer argues that instead of the usual .25 to 1% of payroll given for training, it is necessary to make a .75% increase. Members of the board of directors will understand this hope of the human mesources department when made aware of a few facts shaping the request. The writer notes that all the facts pertain to trends in Canadian industry and in the overall economy that have been in place for about one decade. The writer maintains that spending more on training means a win-win situation that can benefit the company for years to come. If it is possible to retain the workers needed for the future one can avoid the expense of looking for new help, later. The writer concludes that there will be new enthusiasm and curiosity as to what workers can improve or what they learn that they can do. All of these factors make it most desirable to devote some payroll funding now to in-house training.
Outline:
Introduction
Training in Canada
Labour Quality
In the Light of Other Investment
Last Remarks
References
From the Paper
"Only a fraction of employers give support for training. As we all know, many employers then complain when they cannot find the skilled labour they need when forced to search for new staff. Often, they must compete with various companies for the same skill sets. Also, they must do this during a crisis of business or need for high productivity. They end up spending far too much on the changed labour bill because they have not planned ahead. It is wiser to look at this kind of situation as a failure of forward planning, rather than as a blow received by a business. As board members will agree, private sector organizations often succeed by avoiding what might go wrong. Spending on training in the present makes sense, if one looks ahead and imagines a business failure, not due to a lack of orders, but due to inability to fill orders quickly. As business tends to 'move' very quickly in the economy of the day, a client is more apt to just go on to the next supplier that can produce what is needed by a given time."
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Women and the Canadian and Mexican Workforce, 2008.
This paper argues that globalization is widening the already existing gender gap in the workplace, making Canadian and Mexican women more vulnerable.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, on the American continent, the NAFTA agreement between Canada, Mexico and the U.S.A. has been responsible largely for the liberalization of economies, privatization and deregulation, which have all impacted the workforce, particularly women. The author points out that globalization has brought about an unequal structure of the global economy in which corporations are creating labor segregation, paying the most minimum wages possible and providing the least amount of labor regulations, all of which cause social and economic marginalization of women. The paper relates that various trade agreements push countries to privatize public resources causing a shift away from welfare and social programs such as social insurance, health care, child-care and childcare subsidy. The author stresses that the new jobs created for the sole profit of the employers are usually lower-paid, part-time or contract flexible work having no benefits.
From the Paper
"One example of such harassment and discrimination is cited by Quintero-Ramirez, (2002). She describes how managers are often able to request a medical examination to show that a job applicant is not pregnant. Because of deregulation, the working conditions in these factories are often unsanitary and even dangerous, and inadequate or non-existing healthcare often exasperated the health impacts suffered by these women workers. These women work for minimum wages while foreign countries reap most of the benefits. The maquiladora sector is of particular importance because it has grown 89% in the period between 1995 and 2000 . The managers of these manufacturing plants often prefer to hire women because of the patriarchal beliefs that women are more docile and better suited for boring repetitive jobs. "
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Free Trade is Good for Workers, 2008.
An argument that free trade is beneficial for workers.
1,231 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at free trade and argues that this phenomenon is actually good for workers inasmuch as it cuts down on the cost of living, compels the learning of new skills, opens up new vistas for employment opportunities and allows for greater mobility across adjoining borders. The paper explains that while free trade has its critics, the reality is that free trade is a means by which workers can become integrated into a flourishing global economy instead of a struggling domestic one. The paper includes a large amount of source material.
From the Paper
"To begin with, the elimination of tariffs and duties really advances the buying/purchasing power of workers. Additionally, consumers with working-class incomes benefit further insofar as trade liberalization compels domestic producers to create better consumer items at affordable costs. Finally, trade liberalization sparks overseas demand for domestically-produced items insofar as the barriers (or at least some of the barriers) constraining overseas trade are done away with. As one final point, while inefficient domestic producers are eliminated through free trade competition, this dislocation in certain sectors is overwhelmed by the increased employment opportunities and economic activity sparked by trade liberalization (Palley, 384-388)."
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The Canadian Labour Movement, 2008.
An analysis of the challenges facing the Canadian Labour Movement.
2,103 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Canadian workers have been victimized for decades by a political economic system which protects business, trade and the financial community interests at the expense of workers. The paper discusses further how globalization has also weakened the Canadian unions. The paper maintains that for Canadian unions to become more effective, the Canadian public must wake up and realize that globalization is just another name for exploitation.
From the Paper
"This dominance and control has been portrayed as the pursuit of policies which are in the best interests of all Canadians, and has been expressed through government and business support for the free market system and the neo-liberal policy of globalization. Unfortunately for millions of Canadian workers, government policy makers and businessmen interpret the free market system as a system dependent upon the ability of businesses to increase their profits. In their view, anything that diminishes the ability of Canadian businesses and corporations to expand their profit margins is harmful to the economy, and anything that enables Canadian businesses and corporations to maximize their profits is beneficial to the economy."
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