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Michigan's Gaming Industry, 2004.
Examines the influence that American Indian tribes have on the gaming industry.
7,522 words (approx. 30.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 165.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the history of the involvement of Indian tribes in Michigan's gaming industry, government involvement in the industry, and relevant laws enacted. The paper also considers the impact the Indian tribes and their connection to the gaming industry has had on the political scene and the attempts of both political parties to woo the Indian vote by supporting the efforts of various tribes in maintaining and increasing their control of the gaming industry.
From the Paper
"For long, the gaming industry in Michigan has been influenced by the Indian tribes and their constant demands. Over time, regulatory bodies have promulgated various laws detailing gaming procedures and conduct. With the passage of time, the legislature has been from time to time modified so as to accommodate the various demands of Indian tribes. Of late, efforts have been made to usher in public casinos. This has had its serious share of repercussions. In the bargain, public legislative and regulatory bodies have had to perform a balancing act satisfying both advocates of Indian gaming and public gaming outfits. While this has caused a storm in the tea cup, it has also been responsible for steady erosion of the Indian support towards the public legislature. On the whole the economy has due to this move, had its share of fortunes and losses."
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Shinnecock Indians? Casino Rights, 2004.
This paper discusses the problems that the Shinnecock Indians have in exercising their casino rights.
1,010 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Shinnecock Indians, stricken by poverty and cultural predation that stripped them of their ancestral lands and any economic hope for the future, have no hope for the future unless they establish a casino. The author points out that the Shinnecocks are controlled, and to some degree marginalized, by the local law and state government because they are not recognized fully as a tribe by the federal government and, therefore, do not have the same rights and privileges of self-determination that many federally recognized tribes enjoy. The paper relates that the opponents to this casino are the wealthy Hampton residents who seem to worry about property values and community morals, but are not concerned about denying self-reliance and determination to the tribal people.
From the Paper
"The Shinnecock have a proud and noble heritage, which predates their current impoverished state. However, historically the tribe has been taken advantage of by white Europeans and the new American government and settlers. They have consistently lost control of their native lands, in a series of unequal land swaps and hostile takeovers initiated by the white men and their government, which have also caused them to lose control of their economy. As one tribes spokesman says of the land swaps: ?They built on our ancestors bones and we never really did anything to stop it.? "
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The Sioux Indians, 2004.
Outlines the origins and history of the Sioux Indians.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a brief account of the origins, culture, society, and history of the Sioux Indians. The paper follows their history up to present-day conditions and talks briefly about Sioux society and culture today.
From the Paper
"Of all the North American Indians that lived and survived on the prairies and plains, the Sioux are the most popular and widely known. Their area of habitation ranged from the Mississippi valley in the east to the Rocky Mountains of the west and from the Saskatchewan River in Canada to the Rio Grande in the south. The cultural traits which came to characterize the High Plains Indians were dependent on bison, a limited use of roots and berries, limited fishing, and the skillful use of bison and deerskin for clothing and shelter. However, this culture was also dependent upon the introduction of the horse and to a lesser extent on changes in tribal locations farther east, and ?together with the introduction of firearms, the fur trade and the trading of goods, the Plains Indians experienced continuous change from the 17th century and well into the later years of the 19th century in America? (Lund, 67)."
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Minnesota?s White Earth Reservation, 2004.
An exploration of the ethnicity and dispossession at Minnesota?s White Earth Reservation.
1,102 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the history of the Native American is fraught with attempts to assimilate and with acts of dispossession and how the indigenous culture is multi-faceted. It looks at how Melissa Meyer, in her book, "The White Earth Tragedy", argues that Minnesota's White Earth Reservation of the Anishinaabe, or Chippewa, could have been an experimental showcase for assimilation, how the Dawes Act went awry, and how the Anishinaabe were dispossessed of their land and its resources.
From the Paper
"The Anishinaabe people were originally composed of a number of bands whose migratory habits brought them into contact with one another only on occasion. The introduction of settlers or Euroamericans (mainly French) into the area brought yet another element into their society. By the end of the nineteenth century there existed two major factions among the Chippewa of Minnesota: those of mixed blood and full blood conservatives. The Metis or mixed blood members of the tribe were interested in following the course set down by the government. They advocated assimilation and the inclusion of Western marketing. The conservatives, on the other hand, thought to preserve the integrity of the ?old ways? by following the cultural agenda of tradition."
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California?s Indians, 2004.
Examines how author Albert Hurtado portrays California's Indians as participants in, not victims of, Anglo-Saxon culture and society.
1,285 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates how Hurtado?s book successfully diminished popular ideas about the Native American experience in California, replacing stereotypes of submissive native slaves with images of working and raiding Indians who helped to shape California history. Hurtado?s Native Californians emerged, not as victims of Anglo society, but as active participants in California?s history. This paper also describes how the Indian experience shaped Native American culture today.
From the Paper
"In Albert Hurtado?s book, he discusses how native life and culture survived through this time, how the survivors managed to adapt to white society, and how the whites treated the Indians. Hurtado provides an interesting perspective of the California Indians, painting them as active participants in this culture, rather than victims of the dominant white society."
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The Alabama-Coushatta Tribe, 2004.
A look at the history and culture of the Alabama-Coushatta tribe of East Texas.
2,049 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the Alabama-Coushatta tribe and, in particular, examines how it is currently changing to fit the new circumstances of the modern world as it struggles to maintain ties to traditional values and practices in the Big Thicket of East Texas, where the members of this cultural group have lived for a number of years.
Outline
History of the Group
Modern Americans, Not Noble Savages
A History of Misfortune
From the Paper
"The Alabama Indians, who came to Tyler County in 1805, were members of the Upper Creek Confederacy of Indians as well as members of the Muskogean Nation. The Coushattas arrived in East Texas at about the same time: They came to East Texas in the years directly after 1795. Both groups were given land to settle by order of the Texas Congress; however, this land (which was relatively good for raising stock and had regular access to water) was illegally claimed and homesteaded by white settlers, Sam Houston intervened to ask the government of Texas to purchase land for the Indians ? who had supported Houston and other Texans in the state?s battles for independence."
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The Economic Impact of Gambling, 2004.
This paper discusses the economic effects of gambling. Sociological ramifications are only considered as they have direct or indirect consequences on the economy at the local, state, and national levels.
2,715 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the gambling industry is associated with large sums of money, which might be one of the top five revenue sources for certain states and is an important source of income to many Native American tribes that operate casinos located on their land. The author points out that the gaming association is a very powerful lobby, which wants to introduce legalized gambling into every state. The author relates that most studies show the economic impact in a positive light, but a careful perusal of the hidden costs show that maybe the economic impact of gaming in the long run does not meet the expectations. Tables.
From the Paper
"The American Gaming Association, in their website (www.americangaming.org) reports that there are more than 433 land-based, river-based and racetrack casinos scattered throughout eleven states. The gaming associations claim that they bring huge revenues to the state in the order of several billion dollars. In addition, gaming also provides the states strapped for cash with much needed revenues from state taxes?from a nationwide low of 6.25 in Nevada to a high of 35 per cent in the state of Illinois. These huge sums of money did not include the numerous smaller casinos whose gross annual revenues were one million dollars or less."
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Native Americans, 2004.
An examination and comparison of two Native American tribes, the Cherokee and the Blackfoot.
1,158 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly explores the cultural differences between the Cherokee and the Blackfoot in relation to sex and gender. It looks at their attitudes towards a woman's role in the family, education, the duty of the husband and wife to reproduce, and discusses how their cultures were also affected by exterior forces.
From the Paper
"Many Native American Indians maintained a gender division of labor and social roles ?long before the arrival of Europeans on the North American continent (Hill, 1995).? These tribes varied in how they viewed the importance of women. Most tribes, such as the Cherokee, kept a division of labor and social roles, while encouraging ?each person to value the opposite gender as an integral part of the whole-the family, clan and tribe (Hill, 1995).? Most women were valued for their ability to reproduce and their ritualistic knowledge. As the woman aged, her status in the tribe increased. The elders of the tribe, both men and women, were mainly responsible for educating the youth. Women were held in high regard by the Cherokee and tribal law stated ?the penalty for killing a woman was double that for killing a man because of the children she might have borne (unknown, 1998).? "
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Smallpox in Colonial America, 2004.
A look at the issues concerning epidemics and the use of smallpox in Colonial America.
1,823 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on disease as a catalyst, paying special attention to the role of smallpox in subjugating the Native American nations. The first part is an overview of how various diseases have affected North American Indians from the arrival of the first Europeans in the 1500s to the Spanish missionaries who first came to Mexico and California in the 18th century. The body of the paper focuses on the use of disease, particularly smallpox, as a biological weapon against the Native Americans during the Seven Year?s War. Finally, the paper assesses the short-term and long-term effects that disease has had on both the Old and the New Worlds, which include the decimation of the Native American population as a whole.
Outline
The Columbian Exchange
Smallpox and Warfare
Effects of Smallpox on Native American Populations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The most immediate effect of the Columbian exchange, however, was seen in the massive decline of the Native American population. The European explorers were unwitting carriers of diseases such as smallpox and cholera, illnesses which were unknown in the New World. Because they lacked natural resistance, Native Americans quickly succumbed to the disease. They also transmitted the virus to other populations. In South America and the Caribbean, an estimated 8 to 20 million people died, many without even encountering a white man."
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Cabeza de Vaca?s Castaways, 2004.
Summary and analysis of Cabeza de Vaca's account of the 1528-1536 exploration of North America by Europeans.
1,434 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a summary of the experiences of Alvar Nez Cabeza de Vaca when he came to North America to seek his fortune. It then discusses the transformation of character Cabeza de Vaca undergoes as he spends more and more time with the Native Americans and comes to see them as human beings with value, rather than just uncivilized natives. Cabeza de Vaca's enlightenment is contrasted with the behavior of Hernan Cortes, another Spanish explorer, whose only interest in the Mexican natives, if he was not killing them, was how they could help him further his own ends.
From the Paper
"It is not only the story that we tell that matters but also the way in which we tell it, as we learn from Cabeza de Vaca?s Castaways, which was his telling of the 1528-1536 exploration of North America by Europeans. Alvar Nez Cabeza de Vaca had come to the new world to seek his fortune; what he found was far more valuable than the gold that inspired so many Spaniards to come to the New World: Enlightenment. As treasurer of Spanish expedition determined to claim for the throne of Spain a vast tract of land that today spreads across Florida, Louisiana, and Texas, he went with no intent of acknowledging the claims of the indigenous peoples to their land or their wealth. But when he and a few other men were shipwrecked and, seeking their own survival, underwent a long and arduous journey westward, where they would meet up with Hernan Cortes."
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The Assimilation of Native Cultures, 2002.
This paper is a personal essay, which discusses the benefits of assimilation of native and Caucasian cultures into the American mainstream culture.
915 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 0 sources, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper contends that members of the native culture themselves benefit most from their assimilation into the mainstream, and the mainstream society also benefits. The author bases his argument on his first-hand experience with the assimilation of a Navajo family living on a New Mexico Reservation. The paper points out that, for the Caucasian cultures in America, true and complete assimilation takes at least several generations and may not even be entirely possible.
From the Paper
"What constitutes a benefit? Admittedly, there is some room for subjectivity here, but something obtained by an individual or group that advances its progress toward whatever goals it has or the removal of an obstruction to those goals could be considered benefits. Some of these benefits could be characterized as availability of food, healthcare, education, wealth, influence, status, artistic achievement, freedom from prejudice, etc. How these things endure from one generation to the next could also be considered a benefit. Benefits can also be prioritized according to a scale of needs and wants, i.e., acquisition of food and shelter are higher priority than say acquiring a country club membership or a famous set of Kachina dolls."
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Bering Strait Theory, 2002.
An overview and discussion of the Bering Strait Theory regarding the origins of Native American immigration.
1,459 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of the Bering Strait Theory. The author of this paper explores the various theories about the Bering Strait and the belief that the Native Americans came across it during a migration out of Asia. The writer argues that the Bering Strait Theory has several conflicting elements, making it a questionable theory.
From the Paper
"As science continues to evolve there are many questions about mankind that are coming to light and being answered. One of the most pressing questions in recent history has been the question of migration and different races and cultures settling in various areas of the world. Historians, scientists, and others have been putting together facts as they are being discovered, and many of those facts point to the possibility that the theories society has accepted in the past may have been untrue. One theory that has been scrutinized lately has been the Bering Strait Theory. The Bering Strait theory contends that the Native Americans actually started out as Asians and migrated across the strait many years ago. Currently there are people who have begun to challenge the Bering Strait theory, claiming that the time lines and other evidence do not add up."
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